Textorah

Psalms 18

1
לַמְנַצֵּחַ לְעֶבֶד יְהוָה לְדָוִד אֲשֶׁר דִּבֶּר לַיהוָה אֶת־דִּבְרֵי הַשִּׁירָה הַזֹּאת בְּיוֹם הִצִּיל־יְהוָה אוֹתוֹ מִכַּף כָּל־אֹיְבָיו וּמִיַּד שָׁאוּל
For the Leader. A Psalm of David the servant of HaShem, who spoke unto HaShem the words of this song in the day that HaShem delivered him from the hand of all his enemies, and from the hand of Saul;
Εἰς τὸ τέλος τῷ παιδὶ Κυρίου τῷ Δαυὶδ, ἃ ἐλάλησε τῷ Κυρίῳ, τοὺς λόγους τῆς ᾠδῆς ταύτης, ἐν ἡμέρᾳ ᾗ ἐῤῥύσατο αὐτὸν Κύριος ἐκ χειρὸς πάντων τῶν ἐχθρῶν αὐτοῦ, καὶ ἐκ χειρὸς Σαοὺλ, καὶ εἶπεν,
For the end, [a Psalm] of David the servant of the Lord; [the words] which he spoke to the Lord, [even] the words of this Song, in the day in which the Lord delivered him out of the hand of all his enemies, and out of the hand of Saul: and he said:
2
וַיֹּאמַר אֶרְחָמְךָ יְהוָה חִזְקִי
And he said: I love thee, O HaShem, my strength.
Αγαπήσω σε, Κύριε ἰσχύς μου.
I will love thee, O Lord, my strength.
3
יְהוָה סַלְעִי וּמְצוּדָתִי וּמְפַלְטִי אֵלִי צוּרִי אֶחֱסֶה־בּוֹ מָגִנִּי וְקֶרֶן־יִשְׁעִי מִשְׂגַּבִּי
HaShem is my rock, and my fortress, and my deliverer; my G-d, my rock, in Him I take refuge; my shield, and my horn of salvation, my high tower.
Κύριος στερέωμά μου, καὶ καταφυγή μου, καὶ ῥύστης μου· ὁ Θεός μου βοηθός μου, ἐλπιῶ ἐπʼ αὐτόν· ὑπερασπιστής μου, καὶ κέρας σωτηρίας μου, καὶ ἀντιλήπτωρ μου.
The Lord is my firm support, and my refuge, and my deliverer; My God is my helper, I will hope in him; [He is] my defender, and the horn of my salvation, and my helper.
4
מְהֻלָּל אֶקְרָא יְהוָה וּמִן־אֹיְבַי אִוָּשֵׁעַ
Praised, I cry, is HaShem, and I am saved from mine enemies.
Αἰνῶν ἐπικαλέσομαι Κύριον, καὶ ἐκ τῶν ἐχθρῶν μου σωθήσομαι.
I will call upon the Lord with praises, And I shall be saved from mine enemies.
5
אֲפָפוּנִי חֶבְלֵי־מָוֶת וְנַחֲלֵי בְלִיַּעַל יְבַעֲתוּנִי
The cords of Death compassed me, and the floods of Belial assailed me.
Περιέσχον με ὠδῖνες θανάτου, καὶ χείμαῤῥοι ἀνομίας ἐξετάραξάν με.
The pangs of death compassed me, And the torrents of ungodliness troubled me exceedingly.
6
חֶבְלֵי שְׁאוֹל סְבָבוּנִי קִדְּמוּנִי מוֹקְשֵׁי מָוֶת
The cords of Sheol surrounded me; the snares of Death confronted me.
Ὠδῖνες ᾅδου περιεκύκλωσάν με, προέφθασάν με παγίδες θανάτου.
The pangs of hell came round about me: The snares of death prevented me.
7
בַּצַּר־לִי אֶקְרָא יְהוָה וְאֶל־אֱלֹהַי אֲשַׁוֵּעַ יִשְׁמַע מֵהֵיכָלוֹ קוֹלִי וְשַׁוְעָתִי לְפָנָיו תָּבוֹא בְאָזְנָיו
In my distress I called upon HaShem, and cried unto my G-d; out of His temple He heard my voice, and my cry came before Him unto His ears.
Καὶ ἐν τῷ θλίβεσθαί με ἐπεκαλεσάμην τὸν Κύριον, καὶ πρὸς τὸν Θεόν μου ἐκέκραξα· ἤκουσεν ἐκ ναοῦ ἁγίου αὐτοῦ φωνῆς μου. καὶ ἡ κραυγή μου ἐνώπιον αὐτοῦ εἰσελεύσεται εἰς τὰ ὦτα αὐτοῦ.
And when I was afflicted I called upon the Lord, And cried to my God: He heard my voice out of his holy temple, And my cry shall enter before him, [even] into his ears.
8
וַתִּגְעַשׁ וַתִּרְעַשׁ הָאָרֶץ וּמוֹסְדֵי הָרִים יִרְגָּזוּ וַיִּתְגָּעֲשׁוּ כִּי־חָרָה לוֹ
Then the earth did shake and quake, the foundations also of the mountains did tremble; they were shaken, because He was wroth.
Καὶ ἐσαλεύθη, καὶ ἔντρόμος ἐγενήθη ἡ γῆ, καὶ τὰ θεμέλια τῶν ὀρέων ἐταράχθησαν, καὶ ἐσαλεύθησαν, ὅτι ὠργίσθη αὐτοῖς ὁ Θεός.
Then the earth shook and quaked, And the foundations of the mountains were disturbed, And were shaken, because God was angry with them.
9
עָלָה עָשָׁן בְּאַפּוֹ וְאֵשׁ־מִפִּיו תֹּאכֵל גֶּחָלִים בָּעֲרוּ מִמֶּנּוּ
Smoke arose up in His nostrils, and fire out of His mouth did devour; coals flamed forth from Him.
Ἀνέβη καπνὸς ἐν ὀργῇ αὐτοῦ, καὶ πῦρ ἀπὸ προσώπου αὐτοῦ κατεφλόγισεν, ἄνθρακες ἀνήφθησαν ἀπʼ αὐτοῦ.
There went up a smoke in his wrath, And fire burst into a flame at his presence: Coals were kindled at it.
10
וַיֵּט שָׁמַיִם וַיֵּרַד וַעֲרָפֶל תַּחַת רַגְל͏ָיו
He bowed the heavens also, and came down; and thick darkness was under His feet.
Καὶ ἔκλινεν οὐρανὸν καὶ κατέβη, καὶ γνόφος ὑπὸ τοὺς πόδας αὐτοῦ.
And he bowed the heaven, and came down: And thick darkness was under his feet.
11
וַיִּרְכַּב עַל־כְּרוּב וַיָּעֹף וַיֵּדֶא עַל־כַּנְפֵי־רוּחַ
And He rode upon a cherub, and did fly; yea, He did swoop down upon the wings of the wind.
Καὶ ἐπέβη ἐπὶ χερουβὶμ καὶ ἐπετάσθη, ἐπετάσθη ἐπὶ πτερύγων ἀνέμων.
And he mounted on cherubs and flew: He flew on the wings of winds.
12
יָשֶׁת חֹשֶׁךְ סִתְרוֹ סְבִיבוֹתָיו סֻכָּתוֹ חֶשְׁכַת־מַיִם עָבֵי שְׁחָקִים
He made darkness His hiding-place, His pavilion round about Him; darkness of waters, thick clouds of the skies.
Καὶ ἔθετο σκότος ἀποκρυφὴν αὐτοῦ, κύκλῳ αὐτοῦ ἡ σκηνὴ αὐτοῦ, σκοτεινὸν ὕδωρ ἐν νεφέλαις ἀέρων.
And he made darkness his secret place: Round about him was his tabernacle, [Even] dark water in the clouds of the air.
13
מִנֹּגַהּ נֶגְדּוֹ עָבָיו עָבְרוּ בָּרָד וְגַחֲלֵי־אֵשׁ
At the brightness before Him, there passed through His thick clouds hailstones and coals of fire.
Ἀπὸ τῆς τηλαυγήσεως ἐνώπιον αὐτοῦ αἱ νεφέλαι διῆλθον, χάλαζα καὶ ἄνθρακες πυρός.
At the brightness before him the clouds passed, Hail and coals of fire.
14
וַיַּרְעֵם בַּשָּׁמַיִם יְהוָה וְעֶלְיוֹן יִתֵּן קֹלוֹ בָּרָד וְגַחֲלֵי־אֵשׁ
HaShem also thundered in the heavens, and the Most High gave forth His voice; hailstones and coals of fire.
Καὶ ἐβρόντησεν ἐξ οὐρανοῦ Κύριος, καὶ ὁ ὕψιστος ἔδωκε φωνὴν αὐτοῦ.
The Lord also thundered from heaven, And the Highest uttered his voice.
15
וַיִּשְׁלַח חִצָּיו וַיְפִיצֵם וּבְרָקִים רָב וַיְהֻמֵּם
And He sent out His arrows, and scattered them; and He shot forth lightnings, and discomfited them.
Καὶ ἐξαπέστειλε βέλη καὶ ἐσκόρπισεν αὐτοὺς, καὶ ἀστραπὰς ἐπλήθυνε καὶ συνετάραξεν αὐτούς.
And he sent forth [his] weapons, and scattered them; And multiplied lightnings, and routed them.
16
וַיֵּרָאוּ אֲפִיקֵי מַיִם וַיִּגָּלוּ מוֹסְדוֹת תֵּבֵל מִגַּעֲרָתְךָ יְהוָה מִנִּשְׁמַת רוּחַ אַפֶּךָ
And the channels of waters appeared, and the foundations of the world were laid bare, at Thy rebuke, O HaShem, at the blast of the breath of Thy nostrils.
Καὶ ὤφθησαν αἱ πηγαὶ τῶν ὑδάτων, καὶ ἀνεκαλύφθη τὰ θεμέλια τῆς οἰκουμένης· ἀπὸ ἐπιτιμήσεώς σου Κύριε, ἀπὸ ἐνπνεύσεως πνεύματος ὀργῆς σου.
And the springs of waters appeared, And the foundations of the world were exposed, At thy rebuke, O Lord, At the blasting of the breath of thy wrath.
17
יִשְׁלַח מִמָּרוֹם יִקָּחֵנִי יַמְשֵׁנִי מִמַּיִם רַבִּים
He sent from on high, He took me; He drew me out of many waters.
Ἐξαπέστειλεν ἐξ ὕψους καὶ ἔλαβέ με, προσελάβετό με ἐξ ὑδάτων πολλῶν.
He sent from on high and took me, He drew me to himself out of many waters.
18
יַצִּילֵנִי מֵאֹיְבִי עָז וּמִשֹּׂנְאַי כִּי־אָמְצוּ מִמֶּנִּי
He delivered me from mine enemy most strong, and from them that hated me, for they were too mighty for me.
Ῥύσεταί με ἐξ ἐχθρῶν μου δυνατῶν, καὶ ἐκ τῶν μισούντων με, ὅτι ἐστερεώθησαν ὑπὲρ ἐμέ.
He will deliver me from my mighty enemies, And from them that hate me; for they are stronger than I.
19
יְקַדְּמוּנִי בְיוֹם־אֵידִי וַיְהִי־יְהוָה לְמִשְׁעָן לִי
They confronted me in the day of my calamity; but HaShem was a stay unto me.
Προέφθασάν με ἐν ἡμέρᾳ κακώσεώς μου, καὶ ἐγένετο Κύριος ἀντιστήριγμά μου.
They prevented me in the day of mine affliction: But the Lord was my stay against [them].
20
וַיּוֹצִיאֵנִי לַמֶּרְחָב יְחַלְּצֵנִי כִּי חָפֵץ בִּי
He brought me forth also into a large place; He delivered me, because He delighted in me.
Καὶ ἐξήγαγέ με εἰς πλατυσμὸν, ῥύσεταί με, ὅτι ἠθέλησέ με.
And he brought me out into a wide place: He will deliver me, because he has pleasure in me.
21
יִגְמְלֵנִי יְהוָה כְּצִדְקִי כְּבֹר יָדַי יָשִׁיב לִי
HaShem rewarded me according to my righteousness; according to the cleanness of my hands hath He recompensed me.
Καὶ ἀνταποδώσει μοι Κύριος κατὰ τὴν δικαιοσύνην μου, καὶ κατὰ τὴν καθαριότητα τῶν χειρῶν μου ἀνταποδώσει μοι.
And the Lord will recompense me according to my righteousness; Even according to the purity of my hands will he recompense me.
22
כִּי־שָׁמַרְתִּי דַּרְכֵי יְהוָה וְלֹא־רָשַׁעְתִּי מֵאֱלֹהָי
For I have kept the ways of HaShem, and have not wickedly departed from my G-d.
Ὅτι ἐφύλαξα τὰς ὁδοὺς Κυρίου, καὶ οὐκ ἠσέβησα ἀπὸ τοῦ Θεοῦ μου.
For I have kept the ways of the Lord And have not wickedly departed from my God.
23
כִּי כָל־מִשְׁפָּטָיו לְנֶגְדִּי וְחֻקֹּתָיו לֹא־אָסִיר מֶנִּי
For all His ordinances were before me, and I put not away His statutes from me.
Ὅτι πάντα τὰ κρίματα αὐτοῦ ἐνώπιόν μου, καὶ τὰ δικαιώματα αὐτοῦ οὐκ ἀπέστησαν ἀπʼ ἐμοῦ.
For all his judgments were before me, And his ordinances departed not from me.
24
וָאֱהִי תָמִים עִמּוֹ וָאֶשְׁתַּמֵּר מֵעֲוֺנִי
And I was single-hearted with Him, and I kept myself from mine iniquity.
Καὶ ἔσομαι ἄμωμος μετʼ αὐτοῦ, καὶ φυλάξομαι ἀπὸ τῆς ἀνομίας μου.
And I shall be blameless with him, And shall keep myself from mine iniquity.
25
וַיָּשֶׁב־יְהוָה לִי כְצִדְקִי כְּבֹר יָדַי לְנֶגֶד עֵינָיו
Therefore hath HaShem recompensed me according to my righteousness, according to the cleanness of my hands in His eyes.
Καὶ ἀνταποδώσει μοι Κύριος κατὰ τὴν δικαιοσύνην μου, καὶ κατὰ τὴν καθαριότητα τῶν χειρῶν μου ἐνώπιον τῶν ὀφθαλμῶν αὐτοῦ.
And the Lord shall recompense me according to my righteousness, And according to the purity of my hands before his eyes.
26
עִם־חָסִיד תִּתְחַסָּד עִם־גְּבַר תָּמִים תִּתַּמָּם
With the merciful Thou dost show Thyself merciful, with the upright man Thou dost show Thyself upright;
Μετὰ ὁσίου ὁσιωθήσῃ, καὶ μετὰ ἀνδρὸς ἀθώου ἀθῶος ἔσῃ·
With the holy thou wilt be holy; And with the innocent man thou wilt be innocent.
27
עִם־נָבָר תִּתְבָּרָר וְעִם־עִקֵּשׁ תִּתְפַּתָּל
With the pure Thou dost show Thyself pure; and with the crooked Thou dost show Thyself subtle.
Καὶ μετὰ ἐκλεκτοῦ ἐκλεκτὸς ἔσῃ, καὶ μετὰ στρεβλοῦ διαστρέψεις.
And with the excellent [man] thou wilt be excellent; And with the perverse thou wilt show frowardness.
28
כִּי־אַתָּה עַם־עָנִי תוֹשִׁיעַ וְעֵינַיִם רָמוֹת תַּשְׁפִּיל
For Thou dost save the afflicted people; but the haughty eyes Thou dost humble.
Ὅτι σὺ λαὸν ταπεινὸν σώσεις, καὶ ὀφθαλμοὺς ὑπερηφάνων ταπεινώσεις.
For thou wilt save the lowly people, And wilt humble the eyes of the proud.
29
כִּי־אַתָּה תָּאִיר נֵרִי יְהוָה אֱלֹהַי יַגִּיהַּ חָשְׁכִּי
For Thou dost light my lamp; HaShem my G-d doth lighten my darkness.
Ὅτι σὺ φωτιεῖς λύχνον μου Κύριε, ὁ Θεός μου φωτιεῖς τὸ σκότος μου.
For thou, O Lord, wilt light my lamp: My God, thou wilt lighten my darkness.
30
כִּי־בְךָ אָרֻץ גְּדוּד וּבֵאלֹהַי אֲדַלֶּג־שׁוּר
For by Thee I run upon a troop; and by my G-d do I scale a wall.
Ὅτι ἐν σοὶ ῥυσθήσομαι ἀπὸ πειρατηρίου, καὶ ἐν τῷ Θεῷ μου ὑπερβήσομαι τεῖχος.
For by thee shall I be delivered from a troop; And by my God I will pass over a wall.
31
הָאֵל תָּמִים דַּרְכּוֹ אִמְרַת־יְהוָה צְרוּפָה מָגֵן הוּא לְכֹל הַחֹסִים בּוֹ
As for G-d, His way is perfect; the word of HaShem is tried; He is a shield unto all them that take refuge in Him.
Ὁ Θεός μου, ἄμωμος ἡ ὁδὸς αὐτοῦ, τὰ λόγια Κυρίου πεπυρωμένα, ὑπερασπιστής ἐστι πάντων τῶν ἐλπιζόντων ἐπʼ αὐτόν.
[As for] my God, his way is perfect: The oracles of the Lord are tried in the fire; He is a protector of all them that hope in him.
32
כִּי מִי אֱלוֹהַּ מִבַּלְעֲדֵי יְהוָה וּמִי צוּר זוּלָתִי אֱלֹהֵינוּ
For who is G-d, save HaShem? And who is a Rock, except our G-d?
Ὅτι τίς Θεὸς πλὴν τοῦ Κυρίου; καὶ τίς Θεὸς πλὴν τοῦ Θεοῦ ἡμῶν;
For who is God but the Lord? And who is a God except our God?
33
הָאֵל הַמְאַזְּרֵנִי חָיִל וַיִּתֵּן תָּמִים דַּרְכִּי
The G-d that girdeth me with strength, and maketh my way straight;
Ὁ Θεὸς ὁ περιζωννύων με δύναμιν, καὶ ἔθετο ἄμωμον τὴν ὁδόν μου·
[It is] God that girds me with strength, And has made my way blameless:
34
מְשַׁוֶּה רַגְלַי כָּאַיָּלוֹת וְעַל בָּמֹתַי יַעֲמִידֵנִי
Who maketh my feet like hinds', and setteth me upon my high places;
ὁ καταρτιζόμενος τοὺς πόδας μου ὡσεὶ ἐλάφου, καὶ ἐπὶ τὰ ὑψηλὰ ἱστῶν με·
Who strengthens my feet as hart’s feet, And sets me upon high places.
35
מְלַמֵּד יָדַי לַמִּלְחָמָה וְנִחֲתָה קֶשֶׁת־נְחוּשָׁה זְרוֹעֹתָי
Who traineth my hands for war, so that mine arms do bend a bow of brass.
Διδάσκων χεῖράς μου εἰς πόλεμον· καὶ ἔθου τόξον χαλκοῦν τοὺς βραχίονάς μου,
He instructs my hands for war; And thou hast made my arms [as] a brazen bow.
36
וַתִּתֶּן־לִי מָגֵן יִשְׁעֶךָ וִימִינְךָ תִסְעָדֵנִי וְעַנְוַתְךָ תַרְבֵּנִי
Thou hast also given me Thy shield of salvation, and Thy right hand hath holden me up; and Thy condescension hath made me great.
καὶ ἔδωκάς με ὑπερασπισμὸν σωτηρίας μου· καὶ ἡ δεξιά σου ἀντελάβετό μου, καὶ ἡ παιδεία σου ἀνώρθωσέ με εἰς τέλος, καὶ ἡ παιδεία σου αὐτή με διδάξει.
And thou hast made me secure in my salvation: And thy right hand has helped me, And thy correction has upheld me to the end; Yea, thy correction itself shall instruct me.
37
תַּרְחִיב צַעֲדִי תַחְתָּי וְלֹא מָעֲדוּ קַרְסֻלָּי
Thou hast enlarged my steps under me, and my feet have not slipped.
Ἐπλάτυνας τὰ διαβήματά μου ὑποκάτω μου, καὶ οὐκ ἠσθένησαν τὰ ἴχνη μου.
Thou hast made room for my goings under me, And my footsteps did not fail.
38
אֶרְדּוֹף אוֹיְבַי וְאַשִּׂיגֵם וְלֹא־אָשׁוּב עַד־כַּלּוֹתָם
I have pursued mine enemies, and overtaken them; neither did I turn back till they were consumed.
Καταδιώξω τοὺς ἐχθρούς μου, καὶ καταλήψομαι αὐτοὺς, καὶ οὐκ ἀποστραφήσομαι, ἕως ἂν ἐκλείπωσιν.
I will pursue mine enemies, and overtake them; And I will not turn back until they are consumed.
39
אֶמְחָצֵם וְלֹא־יֻכְלוּ קוּם יִפְּלוּ תַּחַת רַגְלָי
I have smitten them through, so that they are not able to rise; they are fallen under my feet.
Ἐκθλίψω αὐτοὺς, καὶ οὐ μὴ δύνωνται στῆναι, πεσοῦνται ὑπὸ τοὺς πόδας μου.
I will dash them to pieces and they shall not be able to stand: They shall fall under my feet.
40
וַתְּאַזְּרֵנִי חַיִל לַמִּלְחָמָה תַּכְרִיעַ קָמַי תַּחְתָּי
For Thou hast girded me with strength unto the battle; Thou hast subdued under me those that rose up against me.
Καὶ περιέζωσάς με δύναμιν εἰς πόλεμον, συνεπόδισας πάντας τοὺς ἐπανισταένους ἐπʼ ἐμὲ ὑποκάτω μου.
For thou hast girded me with strength for war: Thou hast beaten down under me all that rose up against me.
41
וְאֹיְבַי נָתַתָּה לִּי עֹרֶף וּמְשַׂנְאַי אַצְמִיתֵם
Thou hast also made mine enemies turn their backs unto me, and I did cut off them that hate me.
Καὶ τοὺς ἐχθρούς μου ἔδωκάς μοι νῶτον, καὶ τοὺς μισοῦντάς με ἐξωλόθρευσας.
And thou hast made mine enemies turn their backs before me; And thou hast destroyed them that hated me.
42
יְשַׁוְּעוּ וְאֵין־מוֹשִׁיעַ עַל־יְהוָה וְלֹא עָנָם
They cried, but there was none to save; even unto HaShem, but He answered them not.
Ἐκέκραξαν, καὶ οὐκ ἦν ὁ σώζων· πρὸς Κύριον, καὶ οὐκ εἰσήκουεν αὐτῶν.
They cried, but there was no deliverer: [Even] to the Lord, but he hearkened not to them.
43
וְאֶשְׁחָקֵם כְּעָפָר עַל־פְּנֵי־רוּחַ כְּטִיט חוּצוֹת אֲרִיקֵם
Then did I beat them small as the dust before the wind; I did cast them out as the mire of the streets.
Καὶ λεπτυνῶ αὐτοὺς ὡς χοῦν κατὰ πρόσωπον ἀνέμου, ὡς πηλὸν πλατειῶν λεανῶ αὐτούς.
I will grind them as the mud of the streets: And I will beat them small as dust before the wind.
44
תְּפַלְּטֵנִי מֵרִיבֵי עָם תְּשִׂימֵנִי לְרֹאשׁ גּוֹיִם עַם לֹא־יָדַעְתִּי יַעַבְדוּנִי
Thou hast delivered me from the contentions of the people; Thou hast made me the head of the nations; a people whom I have not known serve me.
Ῥῦσαί με ἐξ ἀντιλογιῶν λαοῦ, καταστήσεις με εἰς κεφαλὴν ἐθνῶν· λαὸς ὃν οὐκ ἔγνων, ἐδούλευσέ μοι,
Deliver me from the gainsayings of the people: Thou shalt make me head of the Gentiles: A people whom I knew not served me,
45
לְשֵׁמַע אֹזֶן יִשָּׁמְעוּ לִי בְּנֵי־נֵכָר יְכַחֲשׁוּ־לִי
As soon as they hear of me, they obey me; the sons of the stranger dwindle away before me.
εἰς ἀκοὴν ὠτίου ὑπήκουσέ μοι· υἱοὶ ἀλλότριοι ἐψεύσαντό μοι,
At the hearing of the ear they obeyed me: The strange children lied to me.
46
בְּנֵי־נֵכָר יִבֹּלוּ וְיַחְרְגוּ מִמִּסְגְּרוֹתֵיהֶם
The sons of the stranger fade away, and come trembling out of their close places.
υἱοὶ ἀλλότριοι ἐπαλαιώθησαν, καὶ ἐχώλαναν ἀπὸ τῶν τρίβων αὐτῶν.
The strange children waxed old, And fell away from their paths through lameness.
47
חַי־יְהוָה וּבָרוּךְ צוּרִי וְיָרוּם אֱלוֹהֵי יִשְׁעִי
HaShem liveth, and blessed be my Rock; and exalted be the G-d of my salvation;
Ζῇ Κύριος, καὶ εὐλογητὸς ὁ Θεός μου, καὶ ὑψωθήτω ὁ Θεὸς τῆς σωτηρίας μου.
The Lord lives; and blessed [be] my God; And let the God of my salvation be exalted.
48
הָאֵל הַנּוֹתֵן נְקָמוֹת לִי וַיַּדְבֵּר עַמִּים תַּחְתָּי
Even the G-d that executeth vengeance for me, and subdueth peoples under me.
Ὁ Θεὸς ὁ διδοὺς ἐκδικήσεις ἐμοὶ, καὶ ὑποτάξας λαοὺς ὑπʼ ἐμὲ,
[It is] God that avenges me, And has subdued the nations under me;
49
מְפַלְּטִי מֵאֹיְבָי אַף מִן־קָמַי תְּרוֹמְמֵנִי מֵאִישׁ חָמָס תַּצִּילֵנִי
He delivereth me from mine enemies; yea, Thou liftest me up above them that rise up against me; Thou deliverest me from the violent man.
ὁ ῥύστης μου ἐξ ἐχθρῶν ὀργίλων· ἀπὸ τῶν ἐπανισταμένων ἐπʼ ἐμὲ ὑψώσεις με, ἀπὸ ἀνδρὸς ἀδίκου ῥύσῃ με.
My deliverer from angry enemies: Thou shalt set me on high above them that rise up against me: Thou shalt deliver me from the unrighteous man.
50
עַל־כֵּן אוֹדְךָ בַגּוֹיִם יְהוָה וּלְשִׁמְךָ אֲזַמֵּרָה
Therefore I will give thanks unto Thee, O HaShem, among the nations, and will sing praises unto Thy name.
Διὰ τοῦτο ἐξομολογήσομαί σοι ἐν ἔθνεσι, Κύριε, καὶ τῷ ὀνόματί σου ψαλῶ.
Therefore will I confess to thee, O Lord, among the Gentiles, And sing to thy name.
51
מגדל מַגְדִּיל יְשׁוּעוֹת מַלְכּוֹ וְעֹשֶׂה חֶסֶד לִמְשִׁיחוֹ לְדָוִד וּלְזַרְעוֹ עַד־עוֹלָם
Great salvation giveth He to His king; and showeth mercy to His anointed, to David and to his seed, for evermore.
Μεγαλύνων τὰς σωτηρίας τοῦ βασιλέως αὐτοῦ, καὶ ποιῶν ἔλεος τῷ χριστῷ αὐτοῦ τῷ Δαυὶδ, καὶ τῷ σπέρματι αὐτοῦ ἕως αἰῶνος.
[God] magnifies the deliverances of his king; And deals mercifully with David his anointed, And his seed, forever.

How it works

A parallel reader for the Hebrew Bible and its oldest witnesses: the Masoretic text, the Samaritan Pentateuch, the Dead Sea Scrolls and the Septuagint, each with an English translation where one is available.

Reading a chapter

Choose a book and chapter at the top, or type a reference into Go to (Isa 53:11, 1 Sam 3, sam 3:4, ii kgs 2, ben sira 51). Book names can be abbreviated; a name shared by numbered books (sam, kings, chr, macc) opens the first of them unless you add the number. The arrow keys move between chapters, and the address bar keeps a link to the verse you clicked, so you can bookmark or share a place.

Each row is one verse. Rows follow the Masoretic verse numbering, so the Hebrew, JPS and Samaritan columns line up exactly. The Septuagint is numbered differently in many places (Psalms, Jeremiah, Exodus 35–40, parts of Kings, Proverbs, Daniel, and dozens of chapter boundaries). Its verses are placed against their Masoretic counterparts, and a small tag such as 50:3 shows the Septuagint's own number when it differs. Greek verses that have no Masoretic counterpart (for example the Prayer of Azariah in Daniel 3) appear in reading order as separate rows marked LXX.

Columns

The chips at the top switch columns on and off. Drag a chip (or a column heading) to reorder; with a chip focused, the ← → keys move it. Your choice is remembered. The Samaritan columns appear only in Genesis–Deuteronomy; the scrolls column appears wherever a manuscript survives, including Ben Sira. Columns marked † are licensed for non-commercial use only.

Words: lexicon and concordance

Hover over any Hebrew word (Masoretic, Samaritan or scroll) or any Greek word to see its dictionary form, Strong's number, a short gloss and its grammar. Click the word to open the concordance on the right: the full lexicon entry, then every occurrence, grouped by book — for Hebrew, separately for the Masoretic text, the Samaritan Pentateuch and the scrolls (with the manuscript named). Click a reference to go there; every form of the word in the chapter is highlighted. You can also type a word or a Strong's number into Lexicon at the top.

In the Masoretic text, a Ketiv (the written form, unpointed) is shown in grey immediately before its Qere (the form read aloud); both carry the Qere's dictionary entry.

Variants

The Samaritan Pentateuch and every scroll are compared word by word with the Masoretic text of the same verse:

In the scrolls, letters in brackets are a modern editor's reconstruction and are never counted as variants; letters with a dotted overline are uncertain; ◦ is a trace of an unreadable letter. Manuscripts written in paleo-Hebrew script, and divine names that square-script scrolls write in paleo-Hebrew, are shown in paleo-Hebrew letters (switchable under Display). Hover a manuscript to see its edition. Display → Dead Sea Scrolls can hide the manuscripts that agree with the Masoretic text, or strip the reconstructions to show only what survives.

The comparison is automatic. It aligns words by spelling, so a transposition or a long rewritten passage can be marked imperfectly, and the spelling rule cannot tell a suffix from a vowel letter. Treat the colours as a finding aid and check a critical edition before building an argument on a reading.

Books outside the Hebrew Bible

Besides the Septuagint-only books, the book list has 1 Enoch and Jubilees (“Other ancient books”), shown in R. H. Charles's English with the Qumran copies beside them, and Psalms has a chapter 151. Their scroll copies — like those of Tobit and Ben Sira — have no verse numbers in the data: each fragment is placed by its published identification, and its lines are spread over those verses, so treat the exact verse boundaries as approximate. Aramaic copies (Tobit 4Q196–199 and all of Enoch) are marked “Aramaic” and have no word lookups.

Rabbinic citations

The small ❝ under a verse number opens the passages of rabbinic literature that cite that verse — Mishnah, Tosefta, both Talmuds, Midrash, Targum and Kabbalah (and, if you tick the box, later halakhah, liturgy and thought) — fetched live from Sefaria, so it needs an internet connection. Each passage is listed with Sefaria's date for the work it comes from and a link to read it there. Sefaria's links include allusions and discussions as well as quotations; those it classes as quotations are marked. It works for the Hebrew Bible, Ben Sira (by Kahana's numbering, e.g. the Talmud's quotations of Ben Sira), Tobit and Jubilees. For 1 Enoch, which the rabbis do not quote, it lists instead the Zohar's passages about a “Book of Enoch”.

How the Septuagint is aligned

Each Greek verse is placed by combining three things: the standard table of Septuagint–Masoretic verse correspondences (SIL's lxx.vrs), the table of Masoretic–English numbering differences, and a comparison of the English of Brenton's Septuagint with the JPS English, which confirms each pairing and catches displaced verses. Where no Masoretic verse is similar enough, the Greek verse stands on its own row.

The Greek word data

No openly licensed word-by-word analysis of Brenton's Greek exists, so each Greek word is matched to the most frequent analysis of the same form in the openly licensed Swete Septuagint (Morpheus parser), then to a lexicon entry. About 95% of words are identified. Parses of ambiguous forms (e.g. αὐτοῦ, τοῦ) can be wrong; the card says "automatic parse" as a reminder.

About the texts

What each column is, where it comes from, and what to keep in mind when reading it.

Masoretic Text — Westminster Leningrad Codex

The Masoretic text is the Hebrew Bible as transmitted by the Masoretes, scribal scholars active in Tiberias and elsewhere roughly from the 7th to the 10th century, who fixed its vowel points, accents and marginal notes (the Masorah) around a consonantal text that was already essentially stable by the 1st–2nd century CE. The Leningrad Codex (St Petersburg, Firkovich I B 19 A), copied in 1008/1009 CE in the Ben Asher tradition, is the oldest complete manuscript of the Hebrew Bible; the slightly older Aleppo Codex lost most of the Torah in 1947. It is the base of the standard critical editions (BHK, BHS, BHQ).

The Westminster Leningrad Codex is the public-domain digital transcription of it maintained by the J. Alan Groves Center at Westminster Theological Seminary. In this edition a Ketiv appears as its own unpointed word before the pointed Qere.

JPS 1917 — The Holy Scriptures according to the Masoretic Text

The first English Bible translation produced by a committee of Jewish scholars for the Jewish Publication Society of America, under Max L. Margolis as editor-in-chief, published in 1917. Its language deliberately follows the cadence of the King James and Revised Versions, but its renderings follow the Masoretic text and Jewish exegetical tradition, and it keeps the Hebrew chapter and verse numbering. It is in the public domain; its successor, the New JPS (Tanakh, 1985), is not. The electronic edition used here writes the divine names as “HaShem” and “G-d”.

Septuagint — Brenton's Greek text and the Updated Brenton English

The Septuagint is the Jewish translation of the Hebrew scriptures into Greek. The Torah was translated in Alexandria in the 3rd century BCE (the Letter of Aristeas tells the legend of 72 translators under Ptolemy II); the other books followed over the next two centuries. Because it was made from Hebrew manuscripts older than the Masoretic text, it often preserves a different Hebrew text: Jeremiah is about one-seventh shorter and differently ordered (a shorter Hebrew text of this type survives at Qumran in 4QJerb,d), Job is about one-sixth shorter, and Esther and Daniel have long additions. It was the Bible of Philo, Josephus and the New Testament writers, and became the Old Testament of the Greek church, which in turn led Jewish translators (Aquila, Symmachus, Theodotion) to produce closer revisions.

Sir Lancelot C. L. Brenton published an English translation in 1844 and a Greek–English edition in 1851. His Greek is essentially the Sixtine (Roman) edition of 1587, which follows the 4th-century Codex Vaticanus. It is older and less critical than the modern editions of Rahlfs (1935) and Göttingen, which are under copyright. The English column is the Updated Brenton (Adam Boyd, 2020), Brenton's translation with modernised spelling and wording, dedicated to the public domain.

Samaritan Pentateuch †

The Torah as preserved by the Samaritan community of Mount Gerizim (Nablus), written in the Samaritan script, a descendant of the paleo-Hebrew alphabet. It differs from the Masoretic text in about 6,000 places, most of them spelling or grammar; in about 1,900 of them it agrees with the Septuagint. Some readings are distinctively Samaritan, above all the commandment to build an altar on Mount Gerizim added after the Ten Commandments (Exod 20:17; Deut 5:21) and “Gerizim” for “Ebal” in Deut 27:4. Many others — harmonising expansions that copy one passage into its parallel — are shared with “pre-Samaritan” Qumran manuscripts such as 4QpaleoExodm and 4QNumb, showing that the text type is older than the Samaritan schism.

European scholars learned of it in 1616, when Pietro della Valle brought a manuscript from Damascus; it was printed in the Paris (1645) and London (1657) Polyglots, collated by Benjamin Kennicott (1776–80) and edited critically by August von Gall (1914–18). The Hebrew here is Aleksandr Sigalov's digital text, based on Kennicott and checked against von Gall; the English is Sigalov's adaptation of the King James Version to the Samaritan readings. For modern scholarship see Abraham Tal's edition of MS Shechem 6 and Stefan Schorch's critical editio maior.

Dead Sea Scrolls and other Judean Desert manuscripts †

Between 1947 and 1956 the remains of about 950 manuscripts were found in eleven caves near Khirbet Qumran. Some 230 are biblical — every book of the Hebrew Bible except Esther is represented, from tiny fragments to the complete Great Isaiah Scroll (1QIsaa) — dating from about 250 BCE to 68 CE. They are a thousand years older than the Leningrad Codex. Most are close to the ancestor of the Masoretic text (“proto-Masoretic”), but others agree with the Septuagint (4QJerb, 4QSama in places), with the Samaritan text type, or with neither — evidence that several forms of the text circulated side by side before the Masoretic text prevailed.

Manuscripts from other sites fill out the picture: Masada (before its fall in 73/74 CE; excavated by Yigael Yadin, 1963–65) and the Bar Kokhba refuges of Wadi Murabba'at and Naḥal Ḥever (132–135 CE), whose biblical texts are already virtually identical with the Masoretic text, as well as Naḥal Ṣe'elim, Wadi Sdeir and Naḥal Arugot. The official publication is the Discoveries in the Judaean Desert series (Oxford, 1955–2010).

The transcriptions here are those of Martin G. Abegg Jr., James E. Bowley and Edward M. Cook, as converted by the Eep Talstra Centre for Bible and Computer (ETCBC). Each manuscript is labelled with its siglum (e.g. 4QIsad), its DJD number, its find-site and the column or fragment and line. Besides the biblical manuscripts, the copies of Ben Sira, Tobit, 1 Enoch, Jubilees and Psalm 151 are shown under those books. Not every manuscript is in the dataset — notably the Greek scrolls (such as the Greek Minor Prophets from Naḥal Ḥever) are absent, and the Masada Ben Sira scroll is added separately (see Ben Sira).

Ben Sira

The Wisdom of Yeshua ben Eleazar ben Sira, composed in Hebrew in Jerusalem around 190–180 BCE and translated into Greek by his grandson in Egypt after 132 BCE (his prologue explains the difficulty of rendering Hebrew into Greek). It belongs to the Septuagint and to the Catholic and Orthodox canons (Latin Ecclesiasticus) but not to the Jewish one, although the Talmud and midrash quote it. Its Hebrew text was lost to the West until 1896, when Solomon Schechter, Agnes Lewis and Margaret Gibson identified medieval copies in the Cairo Genizah; ancient Hebrew copies then emerged at Qumran and Masada.

About two-thirds of the Hebrew is now known, from six medieval Genizah manuscripts (A–F, 10th–12th century) and three ancient ones: 2QSir (2Q18; Sir 6:14–15, 20–32), the acrostic of Sir 51:13–20, 30 in the Psalms Scroll 11QPsa (columns 21–22), and the Masada scroll (Mas1h), found by Yigael Yadin in 1964 in a casemate room of the fortress and published in 1965: seven columns with Sir 39:27–44:17, copied in the early 1st century BCE, little more than a century after the author. Its agreement with Genizah manuscript B showed that the medieval copies descend from the ancient Hebrew rather than from a translation back from Greek or Syriac.

Here the book is shown in Brenton's Greek and English. The Hebrew column is the Kahana edition, as transcribed on Hebrew Wikisource and distributed by Sefaria (CC BY-SA): a running text built on the Genizah manuscripts, in which words in [brackets] are Kahana's restorations; chapters with no surviving Hebrew are empty. Kahana numbers the verses in the Hebrew order — in the Greek, two blocks of chapters 30–36 are transposed — so his verses have been matched to Brenton's by content for this site, with his own number shown as “Heb.” where it differs. The scrolls column has the three ancient witnesses; the Masada text is Eric Reymond's transcription from bensira.org. Their placement was made for this site by matching the text; there is no Masoretic text to compare them with, so no variants are marked.

Psalm 151

The Septuagint Psalter ends with a short psalm “outside the number”, in which David recalls tending his father's sheep, his anointing and his victory over Goliath. It belongs to the Greek, Syriac and Ethiopic Bibles but not to the Hebrew one, and was long thought to have been composed in Greek — until the Psalms Scroll from Qumran Cave 11 (11QPsa, published by James Sanders in 1965) turned out to contain a longer Hebrew original in its 28th column, as two poems (151A on David's music and anointing, 151B, broken off, on Goliath). The Greek is a condensed translation of them. The psalm is shown as chapter 151 of Psalms, with the scroll's lines under the Greek verses they correspond to.

Tobit

A Jewish novella of the Eastern diaspora (probably 3rd–2nd century BCE): the pious exile Tobit, blinded in Nineveh, sends his son Tobias to recover money in Media, guided by the angel Raphael in disguise; on the way Tobias marries Sarah and drives off the demon Asmodeus. It is in the Septuagint and the Catholic and Orthodox canons. It survives in two Greek forms — a shorter one (Codices Vaticanus and Alexandrinus, printed by Brenton) and a longer one (Codex Sinaiticus) — and the Qumran copies, four in Aramaic (4Q196–199) and one in Hebrew (4Q200), published by Joseph Fitzmyer in 1995, side with the longer form, which is now generally taken as nearer the original. Their verse placement here follows Fitzmyer's identifications.

1 Enoch

A collection of five works ascribed to Enoch, the seventh from Adam who “walked with God” (Gen 5:24): the Book of the Watchers (ch. 1–36, 3rd century BCE), on the angels who descended to the daughters of men; the Parables (37–71); the Astronomical Book (72–82); the Dream Visions (83–90), with the “Animal Apocalypse” of Israel's history; and the Epistle of Enoch (91–108). It is quoted in the Letter of Jude (1:14–15) and is canonical in the Ethiopian Orthodox Church, whose Ge'ez version is the only complete text; Greek survives for about a third. Józef Milik published the Aramaic fragments from Qumran Cave 4 in 1976: eleven copies, covering every part except the Parables, the oldest from around 200 BCE. The English is R. H. Charles's 1917 translation from the Ethiopic (public domain). The Astronomical scrolls (4Q208–211) contain a much longer calendar than the Ethiopic; only their few passages that match chapters 76–82 are placed.

Jubilees

A retelling of Genesis and Exodus 1–14 as revealed to Moses on Sinai by an “angel of the presence”, dated by a calendar of 49-year jubilees and a 364-day solar year (mid-2nd century BCE). Like 1 Enoch it is canonical only in the Ethiopian church, whose Ge'ez version is the only complete text; parts survive in Latin, Syriac and Greek quotations. Fragments of about fifteen Hebrew copies were found at Qumran, more than of most biblical books, and are published in DJD 13 (VanderKam and Milik, 1994) and DJD 23. The English is R. H. Charles's 1917 translation (public domain).

Lexicon and concordance data

Hebrew words carry the analysis of STEPBible's Translators Amalgamated Hebrew OT (Tyndale House, Cambridge): extended Strong's numbers — James Strong's 1890 numbering, subdivided to follow the Brown–Driver–Briggs lexicon (1906) — with morphology from the ETCBC and an abridged BDB for definitions. Samaritan and scroll words take the analysis of the Masoretic word they correspond to, or, where they differ, of the same written form elsewhere in the Masoretic text. Greek words are matched through the Swete Septuagint and the Morpheus parser to STEPBible's Greek lexicon, which draws on Abbott-Smith (1922) and Liddell–Scott–Jones.

† Licensed for non-commercial use only. Full credits and licences: Credits and licences.