Textorah

Numbers 32

1
וּמִקְנֶה רַב הָיָה לִבְנֵי רְאוּבֵן וְלִבְנֵי־גָד עָצוּם מְאֹד וַיִּרְאוּ אֶת־אֶרֶץ יַעְזֵר וְאֶת־אֶרֶץ גִּלְעָד וְהִנֵּה הַמָּקוֹם מְקוֹם מִקְנֶה
Now the children of Reuben and the children of Gad had a very great multitude of cattle; and when they saw the land of Jazer, and the land of Gilead, that, behold, the place was a place for cattle,
Καὶ κτήνη πλῆθος ἦν τοῖς υἱοῖς Ῥουβὴν καὶ τοῖς υἱοῖς Γὰδ, πλῆθος σφόδρα· καὶ εἶδον τὴν χώραν Ἰαζὴρ, καὶ τὴν χώραν Γαλαάδ· καὶ ἦν ὁ τόπος, τόπος κτήνεσι·
And the children of Reuben and the children of Gad had a multitude of cattle, very great; and they saw the land of Jazer, and the land of Gilead; and the place was a place for cattle:
2
וַיָּבֹאוּ בְנֵי־גָד וּבְנֵי רְאוּבֵן וַיֹּאמְרוּ אֶל־מֹשֶׁה וְאֶל־אֶלְעָזָר הַכֹּהֵן וְאֶל־נְשִׂיאֵי הָעֵדָה לֵאמֹר
the children of Gad and the children of Reuben came and spoke unto Moses, and to Eleazar the priest, and unto the princes of the congregation, saying:
Καὶ προσελθόντες οἱ υἱοὶ Ῥουβὴν καὶ οἱ υἱοὶ Γὰδ, εἶπαν πρὸς Μωυσῆν καὶ πρὸς Ἐλεάζαρ τὸν ἱερέα καὶ πρὸς τοὺς ἄρχοντας τῆς συναγωγῆς, λέγοντες,
and the children of Reuben and the children of Gad came, and spoke to Moses, and to Eleazar the priest, and to the princes of the congregation, saying,
3
עֲטָרוֹת וְדִיבֹן וְיַעְזֵר וְנִמְרָה וְחֶשְׁבּוֹן וְאֶלְעָלֵה וּשְׂבָם וּנְבוֹ וּבְעֹן
'Ataroth, and Dibon, and Jazer, and Nimrah, and Heshbon, and Elealeh, and Sebam, and Nebo, and Beon,
Ἀταρὼθ, καὶ Δαιβὼν, καὶ Ἰαζὴρ, καὶ Ναμρὰ, καὶ Ἐσεβὼν, καὶ Ἐλεαλὴ, καὶ Σεβαμὰ, καὶ Ναβαὺ, καὶ Βαιάν,
Ataroth, and Dibon, and Jazer, and Nimrah, and Heshbon, and Elealeh, and Sebam, and Nebo, and Beon,
4
הָאָרֶץ אֲשֶׁר הִכָּה יְהוָה לִפְנֵי עֲדַת יִשְׂרָאֵל אֶרֶץ מִקְנֶה הִוא וְלַעֲבָדֶיךָ מִקְנֶה
the land which HaShem smote before the congregation of Israel, is a land for cattle, and thy servants have cattle.'
τὴν γῆν ἣν παραδέδωκε Κύριος ἐνώπιον τῶν υἱῶν Ἰσραήλ, γῆ κτηνοτρόφος ἐστὶ, καὶ τοῖς παισί σου κτήνη ὑπάρχει.
the land which the Lord has delivered up before the children of Israel, is pasture land, and thy servants have cattle.
5
וַיֹּאמְרוּ אִם־מָצָאנוּ חֵן בְּעֵינֶיךָ יֻתַּן אֶת־הָאָרֶץ הַזֹּאת לַעֲבָדֶיךָ לַאֲחֻזָּה אַל־תַּעֲבִרֵנוּ אֶת־הַיַּרְדֵּן
And they said: 'If we have found favour in thy sight, let this land be given unto thy servants for a possession; bring us not over the Jordan.'
Καὶ ἔλεγον, εἰ εὕρομεν χάριν ἐνώπιόν σου, δοθήτω ἡ γῆ αὕτη τοῖς οἰκέταις σου ἐν κατασχέσει, καὶ μὴ διαβιβάσῃς ἡμᾶς τὸν Ἰορδάνην.
And they said, If we have found grace in thy sight, let this land be given to thy servants for a possession, and do not cause us to pass over Jordan.
6
וַיֹּאמֶר מֹשֶׁה לִבְנֵי־גָד וְלִבְנֵי רְאוּבֵן הַאַחֵיכֶם יָבֹאוּ לַמִּלְחָמָה וְאַתֶּם תֵּשְׁבוּ פֹה
And Moses said unto the children of Gad and to the children of Reuben: 'Shall your brethren go to the war, and shall ye sit here?
Καὶ εἶπε Μωυσῆς τοῖς υἱοῖς Γὰδ καὶ τοῖς υἱοῖς Ῥουβὴν, οἱ ἀδελφοὶ ὑμῶν πορεύονται εἰς τὸν πόλεμον, καὶ ὑμεῖς καθήσεσθε αὐτοῦ;
And Moses said to the sons of Gad and the sons of Reuben, Shall your brethren go to war, and shall ye sit here?
7
וְלָמָּה תנואון תְנִיאוּן אֶת־לֵב בְּנֵי יִשְׂרָאֵל מֵעֲבֹר אֶל־הָאָרֶץ אֲשֶׁר־נָתַן לָהֶם יְהוָה
And wherefore will ye turn away the heart of the children of Israel from going over into the land which HaShem hath given them?
Καὶ ἱνατί διαστρέφετε τὰς διανοίας τῶν υἱῶν Ἰσραὴλ μὴ διαβῆναι εἰς τὴν γῆν, ἣν Κύριος δίδωσιν αὐτοῖς;
And why do ye pervert the minds of the children of Israel, that they should not cross over into the land, which the Lord gives them?
8
כֹּה עָשׂוּ אֲבֹתֵיכֶם בְּשָׁלְחִי אֹתָם מִקָּדֵשׁ בַּרְנֵעַ לִרְאוֹת אֶת־הָאָרֶץ
Thus did your fathers, when I sent them from Kadesh-barnea to see the land.
Οὐχ οὕτως ἐποίησαν οἱ πατέρες ὑμῶν, ὅτε ἀπέστειλα αὐτοὺς ἐκ Κάδης Βαρνὴ κατανοῆσαι τὴν γῆν;
Did not your fathers thus, when I sent them from Kadesh-barnea to spy out the land?
9
וַיַּעֲלוּ עַד־נַחַל אֶשְׁכּוֹל וַיִּרְאוּ אֶת־הָאָרֶץ וַיָּנִיאוּ אֶת־לֵב בְּנֵי יִשְׂרָאֵל לְבִלְתִּי־בֹא אֶל־הָאָרֶץ אֲשֶׁר־נָתַן לָהֶם יְהוָה
For when they went up unto the valley of Eshcol, and saw the land, they turned away the heart of the children of Israel, that they should not go into the land which HaShem had given them.
καὶ ἀνέβησαν φάραγγα βότρυος, καὶ κατενόησαν τὴν γῆν, καὶ ἀπέστησαν τὴν καρδίαν τῶν υἱῶν Ἰσραὴλ, ὅπως μὴ εἰσέλθωσιν εἰς τὴν γῆν, ἣν ἔδωκε Κύριος αὐτοῖς.
and they went up to the Valley of the Cluster, and spied the land, and turned aside the heart of the children of Israel, that they should not go into the land, which the Lord gave them.
10
וַיִּחַר־אַף יְהוָה בַּיּוֹם הַהוּא וַיִּשָּׁבַע לֵאמֹר
And HaShem'S anger was kindled in that day, and He swore, saying:
Καὶ ὠργίσθη θυμῷ Κύριος ἐν τῇ ἡμέρᾳ ἐκείνῃ, καὶ ὤμοσε, λέγων,
And the Lord was very angry in that day, and swore, saying,
11
אִם־יִרְאוּ הָאֲנָשִׁים הָעֹלִים מִמִּצְרַיִם מִבֶּן עֶשְׂרִים שָׁנָה וָמַעְלָה אֵת הָאֲדָמָה אֲשֶׁר נִשְׁבַּעְתִּי לְאַבְרָהָם לְיִצְחָק וּלְיַעֲקֹב כִּי לֹא־מִלְאוּ אַחֲרָי
Surely none of the men that came up out of Egypt, from twenty years old and upward, shall see the land which I swore unto Abraham, unto Isaac, and unto Jacob; because they have not wholly followed Me;
εἰ ὄψονται οἱ ἄνθρωποι οὗτοι οἱ ἀναβάντες ἐξ Αἰγύπτου ἀπὸ εἰκοσαετοῦς καὶ ἐπάνω, οἱ ἐπιστάμενοι τὸ ἀγαθὸν καὶ τὸ κακὸν, τὴν γῆν ἣν ὤμοσα τῷ Ἁβραὰμ καὶ Ἰσαὰκ καὶ Ἰακὼβ, οὐ γὰρ συνεπηκολούθησαν ὀπίσω μου·
Surely these men who came up out of Egypt from twenty years old and upward, who know good and evil, shall not see the land which I swore [to give] to Abraham and Isaac and Jacob, for they have not closely followed after me:
12
בִּלְתִּי כָּלֵב בֶּן־יְפֻנֶּה הַקְּנִזִּי וִיהוֹשֻׁעַ בִּן־נוּן כִּי מִלְאוּ אַחֲרֵי יְהוָה
save Caleb the son of Jephunneh the Kenizzite, and Joshua the son of Nun; because they have wholly followed HaShem.
πλὴν Χάλεβ υἱὸς Ἰεφοννὴ ὁ διακεχωρισμένος, καὶ Ἰησοῦς ὁ τοῦ Ναυὴ, ὅτι συνεπηκολούθησεν ὀπίσω Κυρίου.
save Caleb the son of Jephunneh, who was set apart, and Joshua the son of Nun, for they closely followed after the Lord.
13
וַיִּחַר־אַף יְהוָה בְּיִשְׂרָאֵל וַיְנִעֵם בַּמִּדְבָּר אַרְבָּעִים שָׁנָה עַד־תֹּם כָּל־הַדּוֹר הָעֹשֶׂה הָרַע בְּעֵינֵי יְהוָה
And HaShem'S anger was kindled against Israel, and He made them wander to and fro in the wilderness forty years, until all the generation, that had done evil in the sight of HaShem, was consumed.
Καὶ ὠργίσθη θυμῷ Κύριος ἐπὶ τὸν Ἰσραήλ, καὶ κατερόμβευσεν αὐτοὺς ἐν τῇ ἐρήμῳ τεσσεράκοντα ἔτη, ἕως ἐξανηλώθη πᾶσα ἡ γενεὰ, οἱ ποιοῦντες τὰ πονηρὰ ἔναντι Κυρίου.
And the Lord was very angry with Israel; and for forty years he caused them to wander in the wilderness, until all the generation which did evil in the sight of the Lord was extinct.
14
וְהִנֵּה קַמְתֶּם תַּחַת אֲבֹתֵיכֶם תַּרְבּוּת אֲנָשִׁים חַטָּאִים לִסְפּוֹת עוֹד עַל חֲרוֹן אַף־יְהוָה אֶל־יִשְׂרָאֵל
And, behold, ye are risen up in your fathers' stead, a brood of sinful men, to augment yet the fierce anger of HaShem toward Israel.
Ἰδοὺ ἀνέστητε ἀντὶ τῶν πατέρων ὑμῶν, σύντριμμα ἀνθρώπων ἁμαρτωλῶν, προσθεῖναι ἔτι ἐπὶ τὸν θυμὸν τῆς ὀργῆς Κυρίου ἐπὶ Ἰσραήλ.
Behold, ye are risen up in the room of your fathers, a combination of sinful men, to increase yet farther the fierce wrath of the Lord against Israel.
15
כִּי תְשׁוּבֻן מֵאַחֲרָיו וְיָסַף עוֹד לְהַנִּיחוֹ בַּמִּדְבָּר וְשִׁחַתֶּם לְכָל־הָעָם הַזֶּה
For if ye turn away from after Him, He will yet again leave them in the wilderness; and so ye will destroy all this people.'
Ὅτι ἀποστραφήσεσθε ἀπʼ αὐτοῦ προσθεῖναι ἔτι καταλιπεῖν αὐτὸν ἐν τῇ ἐρήμῳ, καὶ ἀνομήσετε εἰς ὅλην τὴν συναγωγὴν ταύτην.
For ye will turn away from him to desert him yet once more in the wilderness, and ye will sin against this whole congregation.
16
וַיִּגְּשׁוּ אֵלָיו וַיֹּאמְרוּ גִּדְרֹת צֹאן נִבְנֶה לְמִקְנֵנוּ פֹּה וְעָרִים לְטַפֵּנוּ
And they came near unto him, and said: 'We will build sheepfolds here for our cattle, and cities for our little ones;
Καὶ προσῆλθον αὐτῷ, καὶ ἔλεγον, ἐπαύλεις προβάτων οἰκοδομήσομεν ὧδε τοῖς κτήνεσιν ἡμῶν, καὶ πόλεις ταῖς ἀποσκευαῖς ἡμῶν.
And they came to him, and said, We will build here folds for our cattle, and cities for our possessions;
17
וַאֲנַחְנוּ נֵחָלֵץ חֻשִׁים לִפְנֵי בְּנֵי יִשְׂרָאֵל עַד אֲשֶׁר אִם־הֲבִיאֹנֻם אֶל־מְקוֹמָם וְיָשַׁב טַפֵּנוּ בְּעָרֵי הַמִּבְצָר מִפְּנֵי יֹשְׁבֵי הָאָרֶץ
but we ourselves will be ready armed to go before the children of Israel, until we have brought them unto their place; and our little ones shall dwell in the fortified cities because of the inhabitants of the land.
Καὶ ἡμεῖς ἐνοπλισάμενοι προφυλακὴν πρότεροι τῶν υἱῶν Ἰσραὴλ, ἕως ἂν ἀγάγωμεν αὐτοὺς εἰς τὸν ἑαυτῶν τόπον· καὶ κατοικήσει ἡ ἀποσκευὴ ἡμῶν ἐν πόλεσι τετειχισμέναις διὰ τοὺς κατοικοῦντας τὴν γῆν.
and we will arm ourselves and go as an advanced guard before the children of Israel, until we shall have brought them into their place; and our possessions shall remain in walled cities because of the inhabitants of the land.
18
לֹא נָשׁוּב אֶל־בָּתֵּינוּ עַד הִתְנַחֵל בְּנֵי יִשְׂרָאֵל אִישׁ נַחֲלָתוֹ
We will not return unto our houses, until the children of Israel have inherited every man his inheritance.
Οὐ μὴ ἀποστραφῶμεν εἰς τὰς οἰκίας ἡμῶν ἕως ἂν καταμερισθῶσιν οἱ υἱοὶ Ἰσραὴλ, ἕκαστος εἰς τὴν κληρονομίαν αὐτοῦ.
We will not return to our houses till the children of Israel shall have been distributed, each to his own inheritance.
19
כִּי לֹא נִנְחַל אִתָּם מֵעֵבֶר לַיַּרְדֵּן וָהָלְאָה כִּי בָאָה נַחֲלָתֵנוּ אֵלֵינוּ מֵעֵבֶר הַיַּרְדֵּן מִזְרָחָה
For we will not inherit with them on the other side of the Jordan, and forward, because our inheritance is fallen to us on this side of the Jordan eastward.'
Καὶ οὐκέτι κληρονομήσομεν ἐν αὐτοῖς ἀπὸ τοῦ πέραν τοῦ Ἰορδάνου καὶ ἐπέκεινα, ὅτι ἀπέχομεν τοὺς κλήρους ἡμῶν ἐν τῷ πέραν τοῦ Ἰορδάνου ἐν ἀνατολαῖς.
And we will not any longer inherit with them from the other side of Jordan and onward, because we have our full inheritance on the side beyond Jordan eastward.
20
וַיֹּאמֶר אֲלֵיהֶם מֹשֶׁה אִם־תַּעֲשׂוּן אֶת־הַדָּבָר הַזֶּה אִם־תֵּחָלְצוּ לִפְנֵי יְהוָה לַמִּלְחָמָה
And Moses said unto them: 'If ye will do this thing: if ye will arm yourselves to go before HaShem to the war,
Καὶ εἶπε πρὸς αὐτοὺς Μωυσῆς, ἐὰν ποιήσητε κατὰ τὸ ῥῆμα τοῦτο, ἐὰν ἐξοπλίσησθε ἔναντι Κυρίου εἰς πόλεμον,
And Moses said to them, If ye will do according to these words, if ye will arm yourselves before the Lord for battle,
21
וְעָבַר לָכֶם כָּל־חָלוּץ אֶת־הַיַּרְדֵּן לִפְנֵי יְהוָה עַד הוֹרִישׁוֹ אֶת־אֹיְבָיו מִפָּנָיו
and every armed man of you will pass over the Jordan before HaShem, until He hath driven out His enemies from before Him,
καὶ παρελεύσεται ὑμῶν πᾶς ὁπλίτης τὸν Ἰορδάνην ἔναντι Κυρίου, ἕως ἂν ἐκτριβῇ ὁ ἐχθρὸς αὐτοῦ ἀπὸ προσώπου αὐτοῦ,
and every one of you will pass over Jordan fully armed before the Lord, until his enemy be destroyed from before his face,
22
וְנִכְבְּשָׁה הָאָרֶץ לִפְנֵי יְהוָה וְאַחַר תָּשֻׁבוּ וִהְיִיתֶם נְקִיִּים מֵיְהוָה וּמִיִּשְׂרָאֵל וְהָיְתָה הָאָרֶץ הַזֹּאת לָכֶם לַאֲחֻזָּה לִפְנֵי יְהוָה
and the land be subdued before HaShem, and ye return afterward; then ye shall be clear before HaShem, and before Israel, and this land shall be unto you for a possession before HaShem.
καὶ κατακυριευθῇ ἡ γῆ ἔναντι Κυρίου, καὶ μετὰ ταῦτα ἀποστραφήσεσθε, καὶ ἔσεσθε ἀθῶοι ἔναντι Κυρίου, καὶ ἀπὸ Ἰσραήλ· καὶ ἔσται ἡ γῆ αὕτη ὑμῖν ἐν κατασχέσει ἔναντι Κυρίου.
and the land shall be subdued before the Lord, then afterward ye shall return, and be guiltless before the Lord, and as regards Israel; and this land shall be to you for a possession before the Lord.
23
וְאִם־לֹא תַעֲשׂוּן כֵּן הִנֵּה חֲטָאתֶם לַיהוָה וּדְעוּ חַטַּאתְכֶם אֲשֶׁר תִּמְצָא אֶתְכֶם
But if ye will not do so, behold, ye have sinned against HaShem; and know ye your sin which will find you.
Ἐὰν δὲ μὴ ποιήσητε οὕτως, ἁμαρτήσεσθε ἔναντι Κυρίου· καὶ γνώσεσθε τὴν ἁμαρτίαν ὑμῶν, ὅταν ὑμᾶς καταλάβῃ τὰ κακά.
But if ye will not do so, ye will sin against the Lord; and ye shall know your sin, when afflictions shall come upon you.
24
בְּנוּ־לָכֶם עָרִים לְטַפְּכֶם וּגְדֵרֹת לְצֹנַאֲכֶם וְהַיֹּצֵא מִפִּיכֶם תַּעֲשׂוּ
Build you cities for your little ones, and folds for your sheep; and do that which hath proceeded out of your mouth.'
Καὶ οἰκοδομήσετε ὑμῖν ἑαυτοῖς πόλεις τῇ ἀποσκευῇ ὑμῶν, καὶ ἐπαύλεις τοῖς κτήνεσιν ὑμῶν· καὶ τὸ ἐκπορευόμενον ἐκ τοῦ στόματος ὑμῶν ποιήσετε.
And ye shall build for yourselves cities for your store, and folds for your cattle; and ye shall do that which proceeds out of your mouth.
25
וַיֹּאמֶר בְּנֵי־גָד וּבְנֵי רְאוּבֵן אֶל־מֹשֶׁה לֵאמֹר עֲבָדֶיךָ יַעֲשׂוּ כַּאֲשֶׁר אֲדֹנִי מְצַוֶּה
And the children of Gad and the children of Reuben spoke unto Moses, saying: 'Thy servants will do as my lord commandeth.
Καὶ εἶπαν υἱοὶ Ῥουβὴν καὶ υἱοὶ Γὰδ πρὸς Μωυσῆν, λέγοντες, οἱ παῖδές σου ποιήσουσι καθὰ ὁ Κύριος ἡμῶν ἐντέλλεται.
And the sons of Reuben and the sons of Gad spoke to Moses, saying, Thy servants will do as our lord commands.
26
טַפֵּנוּ נָשֵׁינוּ מִקְנֵנוּ וְכָל־בְּהֶמְתֵּנוּ יִהְיוּ־שָׁם בְּעָרֵי הַגִּלְעָד
Our little ones, our wives, our flocks, and all our cattle, shall be there in the cities of Gilead;
Ἡ ἀποσκευὴ ἡμῶν, καὶ αἱ γυναῖκες ἡμῶν, καὶ πάντα τὰ κτήνη ἡμῶν ἔσονται ἐν ταῖς πόλεσιν Γαλαάδ.
Our store, and our wives, and all our cattle shall be in the cities of Gilead.
27
וַעֲבָדֶיךָ יַעַבְרוּ כָּל־חֲלוּץ צָבָא לִפְנֵי יְהוָה לַמִּלְחָמָה כַּאֲשֶׁר אֲדֹנִי דֹּבֵר
but thy servants will pass over, every man that is armed for war, before HaShem to battle, as my lord saith.'
Οἱ δὲ παῖδές σου παρελεύσονται πάντες ἐνωπλισμένοι καὶ ἐκτεταγμένοι ἔναντι Κυρίου εἰς τὸν πόλεμον, ὃν τρόπον ὁ κύριος λέγει.
But thy servants will go over all armed and set in order before the Lord to battle, as [our] lord says.
28
וַיְצַו לָהֶם מֹשֶׁה אֵת אֶלְעָזָר הַכֹּהֵן וְאֵת יְהוֹשֻׁעַ בִּן־נוּן וְאֶת־רָאשֵׁי אֲבוֹת הַמַּטּוֹת לִבְנֵי יִשְׂרָאֵל
So Moses gave charge concerning them to Eleazar the priest, and to Joshua the son of Nun, and to the heads of the fathers' houses of the tribes of the children of Israel.
Καὶ συνέστησεν αὐτοῖς Μωυσῆς Ἐλεάζαρ τὸν ἱερέα, καὶ Ἰησοῦν υἱὸν Ναυὴ, καὶ τοὺς ἄρχοντας πατριῶν τῶν φυλῶν Ἰσραήλ.
And Moses appointed to them [for judges] Eleazar the priest, and Joshua the son of Nun, and the chiefs of the families of the tribes of Israel.
29
וַיֹּאמֶר מֹשֶׁה אֲלֵהֶם אִם־יַעַבְרוּ בְנֵי־גָד וּבְנֵי־רְאוּבֵן אִתְּכֶם אֶת־הַיַּרְדֵּן כָּל־חָלוּץ לַמִּלְחָמָה לִפְנֵי יְהוָה וְנִכְבְּשָׁה הָאָרֶץ לִפְנֵיכֶם וּנְתַתֶּם לָהֶם אֶת־אֶרֶץ הַגִּלְעָד לַאֲחֻזָּה
And Moses said unto them: 'If the children of Gad and the children of Reuben will pass with you over the Jordan, every man that is armed to battle, before HaShem, and the land shall be subdued before you, then ye shall give them the land of Gilead for a possession;
Καὶ εἶπε πρὸς αὐτοὺς Μωυσῆς, ἐὰν διαβῶσιν οἱ υἱοὶ Ῥουβὴν καὶ οἱ υἱοὶ Γὰδ μεθʼ ὑμῶν τὸν Ἰορδάνην, πᾶς ἐνωπλισμένος εἰς πόλεμον ἔναντι Κυρίου, καὶ κατακυριεύσητε τῆς γῆς ἀπέναντι ὑμῶν, καὶ δώσετε αὐτοῖς τὴν γῆν Γαλαὰδ ἐν κατασχέσει.
And Moses said to them, If the sons of Reuben and the sons of Gad will pass over Jordan with you, every one armed for war before the Lord, and ye shall subdue the land before you, then ye shall give to them the land of Gilead for a possession.
30
וְאִם־לֹא י͏ַעַבְרוּ חֲלוּצִים אִתְּכֶם וְנֹאחֲזוּ בְתֹכְכֶם בְּאֶרֶץ כְּנָעַן
but if they will not pass over with you armed, they shall have possessions among you in the land of Canaan.'
Ἐὰν δὲ μὴ διαβῶσιν ἐνωπλισμένοι μεθʼ ὑμῶν εἰς τὸν πόλεμον ἔναντι Κυρίου, καὶ διαβιβάσετε τὴν ἀποσκευὴν αὐτῶν, καὶ τὰς γυναῖκας αὐτῶν, καὶ τὰ κτήνη αὐτῶν πρότερα ὑμῶν εἰς γῆν Χαναὰν, καὶ συγκατακληρονομηθήσονται ἐν ὑμῖν ἐν τῇ γῇ Χαναάν.
But if they will not pass over armed with you to war before the Lord, then shall ye cause to pass over their possessions and their wives and their cattle before you into the land of Canaan, and they shall inherit with you in the land of Canaan.
31
וַיַּעֲנוּ בְנֵי־גָד וּבְנֵי רְאוּבֵן לֵאמֹר אֵת אֲשֶׁר דִּבֶּר יְהוָה אֶל־עֲבָדֶיךָ כֵּן נַעֲשֶׂה
And the children of Gad and the children of Reuben answered, saying: 'As HaShem hath said unto thy servants, so will we do.
Καὶ ἀπεκρίθησαν οἱ υἱοὶ Ῥουβὴν καὶ οἱ υἱοὶ Γὰδ λέγοντες, ὅσα ὁ Κύριος λέγει τοῖς θεράπουσιν, οὕτω ποιήσομεν ἡμεῖς.
And the sons of Reuben and the sons of Gad answered, saying, Whatsoever the Lord says to his servants, that will we do.
32
נַחְנוּ נַעֲבֹר חֲלוּצִים לִפְנֵי יְהוָה אֶרֶץ כְּנָעַן וְאִתָּנוּ אֲחֻזַּת נַחֲלָתֵנוּ מֵעֵבֶר לַיַּרְדֵּן
We will pass over armed before HaShem into the land of Canaan, and the possession of our inheritance shall remain with us beyond the Jordan.'
Διαβησόμεθα ἐνωπλισμένοι ἔναντι Κυρίου εἰς γῆν Χαναὰν, καὶ δώσετε τὴν κατάσχεσιν ἡμῖν ἐν τῷ πέραν τοῦ Ἰορδάνου.
We will go over armed before the Lord into the land of Canaan, and ye shall give us our inheritance beyond Jordan.
33
וַיִּתֵּן לָהֶם מֹשֶׁה לִבְנֵי־גָד וְלִבְנֵי רְאוּבֵן וְלַחֲצִי שֵׁבֶט מְנַשֶּׁה בֶן־יוֹסֵף אֶת־מַמְלֶכֶת סִיחֹן מֶלֶךְ הָאֱמֹרִי וְאֶת־מַמְלֶכֶת עוֹג מֶלֶךְ הַבָּשָׁן הָאָרֶץ לְעָרֶיהָ בִּגְבֻלֹת עָרֵי הָאָרֶץ סָבִיב
And Moses gave unto them, even to the children of Gad, and to the children of Reuben, and unto the half-tribe of Manasseh the son of Joseph, the kingdom of Sihon king of the Amorites, and the kingdom of Og king of Bashan, the land, according to the cities thereof with their borders, even the cities of the land round about.
Καὶ ἔδωκεν αὐτοῖς Μωυσῆς τοῖς υἱοῖς Γὰδ, καὶ τοῖς υἱοῖς Ῥουβὴν, καὶ τῷ ἡμίσει φυλῆς Μανασσῆ υἱῶν Ἰωσὴφ, τὴν βασιλείαν Σηὼν βασιλέως Ἀμοῤῥαίων, καὶ τὴν βασιλείαν Ὢγ βασιλέως τῆς Βασὰν, τὴν γῆν καὶ τὰς πόλεις σὺν τοῖς ὁρίοις αὐτῆς, πόλεις τῆς γῆς κύκλῳ.
And Moses gave to them, even to the sons of Gad and the sons of Reuben, and to the half tribe of Manasseh of the sons of Joseph, the kingdom of Sihon king of the Amorites, and the kingdom of Og king of Bashan, the land and its cities with its coasts, the cities of the land round about.
34
וַיִּבְנוּ בְנֵי־גָד אֶת־דִּיבֹן וְאֶת־עֲטָרֹת וְאֵת עֲרֹעֵר
And the children of Gad built Dibon, and Ataroth, and Aroer;
Καὶ ᾠκοδόμησαν οἱ υἱοὶ Γὰδ τὴν Δαιβὼν, καὶ τὴν Ἀταρὼθ, καὶ τὴν Ἀροὴρ,
And the sons of Gad built Dibon, and Ataroth, and Aroer,
35
וְאֶת־עַטְרֹת שׁוֹפָן וְאֶת־יַעְזֵר וְיָגְבֳּהָה
and Atroth-shophan, and Jazer, and Jogbehah;
καὶ τὴν Σοφὰρ, καὶ τὴν Ἰαζὴρ, καὶ ὕψωσαν αὐτὰς,
and Shophan, and Jazer, and they set them up,
36
וְאֶת־בֵּית נִמְרָה וְאֶת־בֵּית הָרָן עָרֵי מִבְצָר וְגִדְרֹת צֹאן
and Beth-nimrah, and Beth-haran; fortified cities, and folds for sheep.
καὶ τὴν Ναμρὰμ, καὶ τὴν Βαιθαρὰν, πόλεις ὀχυρὰς, καὶ ἐπαύλεις προβάτων.
and Nimrah, and Beth-haran, strong cities, and folds for sheep.
37
וּבְנֵי רְאוּבֵן בָּנוּ אֶת־חֶשְׁבּוֹן וְאֶת־אֶלְעָלֵא וְאֵת קִרְיָתָיִם
And the children of Reuben built Heshbon, and Elealeh, and Kiriathaim;
Καὶ οἱ υἱοὶ Ῥουβὴν ᾠκοδόμησαν τὴν Ἐσεβὼν, καὶ Ἐλεάλην, καὶ Καριαθὰμ,
And the sons of Reuben built Heshbon, and Elealeh, and Kiriathaim,
38
וְאֶת־נְבוֹ וְאֶת־בַּעַל מְעוֹן מוּסַבֹּת שֵׁם וְאֶת־שִׂבְמָה וַיִּקְרְאוּ בְשֵׁמֹת אֶת־שְׁמוֹת הֶעָרִים אֲשֶׁר בָּנוּ
and Nebo, and Baal-meon--their names being changed--and Sibmah; and gave their names unto the cities which they builded.
καὶ τὴν Βεελμεὼν, περικεκυκλωμένας, καὶ τὴν Σεβαμά· καὶ ἐπωνόμασαν κατὰ τὰ ὀνόματα αὐτῶν τὰ ὀνόματα τῶν πόλεων, ἃς ᾠκοδόμησαν.
and Baal-meon, surrounded [with walls], and Sibmah; and they called the names of the cities which they built, after their own names.
39
וַיֵּלְכוּ בְּנֵי מָכִיר בֶּן־מְנַשֶּׁה גִּלְעָדָה וַיִּלְכְּדֻהָ וַיּוֹרֶשׁ אֶת־הָאֱמֹרִי אֲשֶׁר־בָּהּ
And the children of Machir the son of Manasseh went to Gilead, and took it, and dispossessed the Amorites that were therein.
Καὶ ἐπορεύθη υἱὸς Μαχὶρ υἱοῦ Μανασσὴ Γαλαὰδ, καὶ ἔλαβεν αὐτὴν, καὶ ἀπώλεσε τὸν Ἀμοῤῥαῖον τὸν κατοικοῦντα ἐν αὐτῇ.
And a son of Machir the son of Manasseh went to Gilead, and took it, and destroyed the Amorite who dwelt in it.
40
וַיִּתֵּן מֹשֶׁה אֶת־הַגִּלְעָד לְמָכִיר בֶּן־מְנַשֶּׁה וַיֵּשֶׁב בָּהּ
And Moses gave Gilead unto Machir the son of Manasseh; and he dwelt therein.
Καὶ ἔδωκε Μωυσῆς τὴν Γαλαὰδ τῷ Μαχὶρ υἱῷ Μανασσῆ, καὶ κατῴκησεν ἐκεῖ.
And Moses gave Gilead to Machir the son of Manasseh, and he dwelt there.
41
וְיָאִיר בֶּן־מְנַשֶּׁה הָלַךְ וַיִּלְכֹּד אֶת־חַוֺּתֵיהֶם וַיִּקְרָא אֶתְהֶן חַוֺּת יָאִיר
And Jair the son of Manasseh went and took the villages thereof, and called them Havvoth-jair.
Καὶ Ἰαῒρ ὁ τοῦ Μανασσῆ ἐπορεύθη, καὶ ἔλαβε τὰς ἐπαύλεις αὐτῶν, καὶ ἐπωνόμασεν αὐτὰς ἐπαύλεις Ἰαΐρ.
And Jair the [son] of Manasseh went and took their villages, and called them the villages of Jair.
42
וְנֹבַח הָלַךְ וַיִּלְכֹּד אֶת־קְנָת וְאֶת־בְּנֹתֶיהָ וַיִּקְרָא לָה נֹבַח בִּשְׁמוֹ
And Nobah went and took Kenath, and the villages thereof, and called it Nobah, after his own name.
Καὶ Ναβαὺ ἐπορεύθη, καὶ ἔλαβε τὴν Καὰθ καὶ τὰς κώμας αὐτῆς, καὶ ἐπωνόμασεν αὐτὰς Ναβὼθ ἐκ τοῦ ὀνόματος αὐτοῦ.
And Nobah went and took Kohath and her villages, and called them Nobah after his name.

How it works

A parallel reader for the Hebrew Bible and its oldest witnesses: the Masoretic text, the Samaritan Pentateuch, the Dead Sea Scrolls and the Septuagint, each with an English translation where one is available.

Reading a chapter

Choose a book and chapter at the top, or type a reference into Go to (Isa 53:11, 1 Sam 3, sam 3:4, ii kgs 2, ben sira 51). Book names can be abbreviated; a name shared by numbered books (sam, kings, chr, macc) opens the first of them unless you add the number. The arrow keys move between chapters, and the address bar keeps a link to the verse you clicked, so you can bookmark or share a place.

Each row is one verse. Rows follow the Masoretic verse numbering, so the Hebrew, JPS and Samaritan columns line up exactly. The Septuagint is numbered differently in many places (Psalms, Jeremiah, Exodus 35–40, parts of Kings, Proverbs, Daniel, and dozens of chapter boundaries). Its verses are placed against their Masoretic counterparts, and a small tag such as 50:3 shows the Septuagint's own number when it differs. Greek verses that have no Masoretic counterpart (for example the Prayer of Azariah in Daniel 3) appear in reading order as separate rows marked LXX.

Columns

The chips at the top switch columns on and off. Drag a chip (or a column heading) to reorder; with a chip focused, the ← → keys move it. Your choice is remembered. The Samaritan columns appear only in Genesis–Deuteronomy; the scrolls column appears wherever a manuscript survives, including Ben Sira. Columns marked † are licensed for non-commercial use only.

Words: lexicon and concordance

Hover over any Hebrew word (Masoretic, Samaritan or scroll) or any Greek word to see its dictionary form, Strong's number, a short gloss and its grammar. Click the word to open the concordance on the right: the full lexicon entry, then every occurrence, grouped by book — for Hebrew, separately for the Masoretic text, the Samaritan Pentateuch and the scrolls (with the manuscript named). Click a reference to go there; every form of the word in the chapter is highlighted. You can also type a word or a Strong's number into Lexicon at the top.

In the Masoretic text, a Ketiv (the written form, unpointed) is shown in grey immediately before its Qere (the form read aloud); both carry the Qere's dictionary entry.

Variants

The Samaritan Pentateuch and every scroll are compared word by word with the Masoretic text of the same verse:

In the scrolls, letters in brackets are a modern editor's reconstruction and are never counted as variants; letters with a dotted overline are uncertain; ◦ is a trace of an unreadable letter. Manuscripts written in paleo-Hebrew script, and divine names that square-script scrolls write in paleo-Hebrew, are shown in paleo-Hebrew letters (switchable under Display). Hover a manuscript to see its edition. Display → Dead Sea Scrolls can hide the manuscripts that agree with the Masoretic text, or strip the reconstructions to show only what survives.

The comparison is automatic. It aligns words by spelling, so a transposition or a long rewritten passage can be marked imperfectly, and the spelling rule cannot tell a suffix from a vowel letter. Treat the colours as a finding aid and check a critical edition before building an argument on a reading.

Books outside the Hebrew Bible

Besides the Septuagint-only books, the book list has 1 Enoch and Jubilees (“Other ancient books”), shown in R. H. Charles's English with the Qumran copies beside them, and Psalms has a chapter 151. Their scroll copies — like those of Tobit and Ben Sira — have no verse numbers in the data: each fragment is placed by its published identification, and its lines are spread over those verses, so treat the exact verse boundaries as approximate. Aramaic copies (Tobit 4Q196–199 and all of Enoch) are marked “Aramaic” and have no word lookups.

Rabbinic citations

The small ❝ under a verse number opens the passages of rabbinic literature that cite that verse — Mishnah, Tosefta, both Talmuds, Midrash, Targum and Kabbalah (and, if you tick the box, later halakhah, liturgy and thought) — fetched live from Sefaria, so it needs an internet connection. Each passage is listed with Sefaria's date for the work it comes from and a link to read it there. Sefaria's links include allusions and discussions as well as quotations; those it classes as quotations are marked. It works for the Hebrew Bible, Ben Sira (by Kahana's numbering, e.g. the Talmud's quotations of Ben Sira), Tobit and Jubilees. For 1 Enoch, which the rabbis do not quote, it lists instead the Zohar's passages about a “Book of Enoch”.

How the Septuagint is aligned

Each Greek verse is placed by combining three things: the standard table of Septuagint–Masoretic verse correspondences (SIL's lxx.vrs), the table of Masoretic–English numbering differences, and a comparison of the English of Brenton's Septuagint with the JPS English, which confirms each pairing and catches displaced verses. Where no Masoretic verse is similar enough, the Greek verse stands on its own row.

The Greek word data

No openly licensed word-by-word analysis of Brenton's Greek exists, so each Greek word is matched to the most frequent analysis of the same form in the openly licensed Swete Septuagint (Morpheus parser), then to a lexicon entry. About 95% of words are identified. Parses of ambiguous forms (e.g. αὐτοῦ, τοῦ) can be wrong; the card says "automatic parse" as a reminder.

About the texts

What each column is, where it comes from, and what to keep in mind when reading it.

Masoretic Text — Westminster Leningrad Codex

The Masoretic text is the Hebrew Bible as transmitted by the Masoretes, scribal scholars active in Tiberias and elsewhere roughly from the 7th to the 10th century, who fixed its vowel points, accents and marginal notes (the Masorah) around a consonantal text that was already essentially stable by the 1st–2nd century CE. The Leningrad Codex (St Petersburg, Firkovich I B 19 A), copied in 1008/1009 CE in the Ben Asher tradition, is the oldest complete manuscript of the Hebrew Bible; the slightly older Aleppo Codex lost most of the Torah in 1947. It is the base of the standard critical editions (BHK, BHS, BHQ).

The Westminster Leningrad Codex is the public-domain digital transcription of it maintained by the J. Alan Groves Center at Westminster Theological Seminary. In this edition a Ketiv appears as its own unpointed word before the pointed Qere.

JPS 1917 — The Holy Scriptures according to the Masoretic Text

The first English Bible translation produced by a committee of Jewish scholars for the Jewish Publication Society of America, under Max L. Margolis as editor-in-chief, published in 1917. Its language deliberately follows the cadence of the King James and Revised Versions, but its renderings follow the Masoretic text and Jewish exegetical tradition, and it keeps the Hebrew chapter and verse numbering. It is in the public domain; its successor, the New JPS (Tanakh, 1985), is not. The electronic edition used here writes the divine names as “HaShem” and “G-d”.

Septuagint — Brenton's Greek text and the Updated Brenton English

The Septuagint is the Jewish translation of the Hebrew scriptures into Greek. The Torah was translated in Alexandria in the 3rd century BCE (the Letter of Aristeas tells the legend of 72 translators under Ptolemy II); the other books followed over the next two centuries. Because it was made from Hebrew manuscripts older than the Masoretic text, it often preserves a different Hebrew text: Jeremiah is about one-seventh shorter and differently ordered (a shorter Hebrew text of this type survives at Qumran in 4QJerb,d), Job is about one-sixth shorter, and Esther and Daniel have long additions. It was the Bible of Philo, Josephus and the New Testament writers, and became the Old Testament of the Greek church, which in turn led Jewish translators (Aquila, Symmachus, Theodotion) to produce closer revisions.

Sir Lancelot C. L. Brenton published an English translation in 1844 and a Greek–English edition in 1851. His Greek is essentially the Sixtine (Roman) edition of 1587, which follows the 4th-century Codex Vaticanus. It is older and less critical than the modern editions of Rahlfs (1935) and Göttingen, which are under copyright. The English column is the Updated Brenton (Adam Boyd, 2020), Brenton's translation with modernised spelling and wording, dedicated to the public domain.

Samaritan Pentateuch †

The Torah as preserved by the Samaritan community of Mount Gerizim (Nablus), written in the Samaritan script, a descendant of the paleo-Hebrew alphabet. It differs from the Masoretic text in about 6,000 places, most of them spelling or grammar; in about 1,900 of them it agrees with the Septuagint. Some readings are distinctively Samaritan, above all the commandment to build an altar on Mount Gerizim added after the Ten Commandments (Exod 20:17; Deut 5:21) and “Gerizim” for “Ebal” in Deut 27:4. Many others — harmonising expansions that copy one passage into its parallel — are shared with “pre-Samaritan” Qumran manuscripts such as 4QpaleoExodm and 4QNumb, showing that the text type is older than the Samaritan schism.

European scholars learned of it in 1616, when Pietro della Valle brought a manuscript from Damascus; it was printed in the Paris (1645) and London (1657) Polyglots, collated by Benjamin Kennicott (1776–80) and edited critically by August von Gall (1914–18). The Hebrew here is Aleksandr Sigalov's digital text, based on Kennicott and checked against von Gall; the English is Sigalov's adaptation of the King James Version to the Samaritan readings. For modern scholarship see Abraham Tal's edition of MS Shechem 6 and Stefan Schorch's critical editio maior.

Dead Sea Scrolls and other Judean Desert manuscripts †

Between 1947 and 1956 the remains of about 950 manuscripts were found in eleven caves near Khirbet Qumran. Some 230 are biblical — every book of the Hebrew Bible except Esther is represented, from tiny fragments to the complete Great Isaiah Scroll (1QIsaa) — dating from about 250 BCE to 68 CE. They are a thousand years older than the Leningrad Codex. Most are close to the ancestor of the Masoretic text (“proto-Masoretic”), but others agree with the Septuagint (4QJerb, 4QSama in places), with the Samaritan text type, or with neither — evidence that several forms of the text circulated side by side before the Masoretic text prevailed.

Manuscripts from other sites fill out the picture: Masada (before its fall in 73/74 CE; excavated by Yigael Yadin, 1963–65) and the Bar Kokhba refuges of Wadi Murabba'at and Naḥal Ḥever (132–135 CE), whose biblical texts are already virtually identical with the Masoretic text, as well as Naḥal Ṣe'elim, Wadi Sdeir and Naḥal Arugot. The official publication is the Discoveries in the Judaean Desert series (Oxford, 1955–2010).

The transcriptions here are those of Martin G. Abegg Jr., James E. Bowley and Edward M. Cook, as converted by the Eep Talstra Centre for Bible and Computer (ETCBC). Each manuscript is labelled with its siglum (e.g. 4QIsad), its DJD number, its find-site and the column or fragment and line. Besides the biblical manuscripts, the copies of Ben Sira, Tobit, 1 Enoch, Jubilees and Psalm 151 are shown under those books. Not every manuscript is in the dataset — notably the Greek scrolls (such as the Greek Minor Prophets from Naḥal Ḥever) are absent, and the Masada Ben Sira scroll is added separately (see Ben Sira).

Ben Sira

The Wisdom of Yeshua ben Eleazar ben Sira, composed in Hebrew in Jerusalem around 190–180 BCE and translated into Greek by his grandson in Egypt after 132 BCE (his prologue explains the difficulty of rendering Hebrew into Greek). It belongs to the Septuagint and to the Catholic and Orthodox canons (Latin Ecclesiasticus) but not to the Jewish one, although the Talmud and midrash quote it. Its Hebrew text was lost to the West until 1896, when Solomon Schechter, Agnes Lewis and Margaret Gibson identified medieval copies in the Cairo Genizah; ancient Hebrew copies then emerged at Qumran and Masada.

About two-thirds of the Hebrew is now known, from six medieval Genizah manuscripts (A–F, 10th–12th century) and three ancient ones: 2QSir (2Q18; Sir 6:14–15, 20–32), the acrostic of Sir 51:13–20, 30 in the Psalms Scroll 11QPsa (columns 21–22), and the Masada scroll (Mas1h), found by Yigael Yadin in 1964 in a casemate room of the fortress and published in 1965: seven columns with Sir 39:27–44:17, copied in the early 1st century BCE, little more than a century after the author. Its agreement with Genizah manuscript B showed that the medieval copies descend from the ancient Hebrew rather than from a translation back from Greek or Syriac.

Here the book is shown in Brenton's Greek and English. The Hebrew column is the Kahana edition, as transcribed on Hebrew Wikisource and distributed by Sefaria (CC BY-SA): a running text built on the Genizah manuscripts, in which words in [brackets] are Kahana's restorations; chapters with no surviving Hebrew are empty. Kahana numbers the verses in the Hebrew order — in the Greek, two blocks of chapters 30–36 are transposed — so his verses have been matched to Brenton's by content for this site, with his own number shown as “Heb.” where it differs. The scrolls column has the three ancient witnesses; the Masada text is Eric Reymond's transcription from bensira.org. Their placement was made for this site by matching the text; there is no Masoretic text to compare them with, so no variants are marked.

Psalm 151

The Septuagint Psalter ends with a short psalm “outside the number”, in which David recalls tending his father's sheep, his anointing and his victory over Goliath. It belongs to the Greek, Syriac and Ethiopic Bibles but not to the Hebrew one, and was long thought to have been composed in Greek — until the Psalms Scroll from Qumran Cave 11 (11QPsa, published by James Sanders in 1965) turned out to contain a longer Hebrew original in its 28th column, as two poems (151A on David's music and anointing, 151B, broken off, on Goliath). The Greek is a condensed translation of them. The psalm is shown as chapter 151 of Psalms, with the scroll's lines under the Greek verses they correspond to.

Tobit

A Jewish novella of the Eastern diaspora (probably 3rd–2nd century BCE): the pious exile Tobit, blinded in Nineveh, sends his son Tobias to recover money in Media, guided by the angel Raphael in disguise; on the way Tobias marries Sarah and drives off the demon Asmodeus. It is in the Septuagint and the Catholic and Orthodox canons. It survives in two Greek forms — a shorter one (Codices Vaticanus and Alexandrinus, printed by Brenton) and a longer one (Codex Sinaiticus) — and the Qumran copies, four in Aramaic (4Q196–199) and one in Hebrew (4Q200), published by Joseph Fitzmyer in 1995, side with the longer form, which is now generally taken as nearer the original. Their verse placement here follows Fitzmyer's identifications.

1 Enoch

A collection of five works ascribed to Enoch, the seventh from Adam who “walked with God” (Gen 5:24): the Book of the Watchers (ch. 1–36, 3rd century BCE), on the angels who descended to the daughters of men; the Parables (37–71); the Astronomical Book (72–82); the Dream Visions (83–90), with the “Animal Apocalypse” of Israel's history; and the Epistle of Enoch (91–108). It is quoted in the Letter of Jude (1:14–15) and is canonical in the Ethiopian Orthodox Church, whose Ge'ez version is the only complete text; Greek survives for about a third. Józef Milik published the Aramaic fragments from Qumran Cave 4 in 1976: eleven copies, covering every part except the Parables, the oldest from around 200 BCE. The English is R. H. Charles's 1917 translation from the Ethiopic (public domain). The Astronomical scrolls (4Q208–211) contain a much longer calendar than the Ethiopic; only their few passages that match chapters 76–82 are placed.

Jubilees

A retelling of Genesis and Exodus 1–14 as revealed to Moses on Sinai by an “angel of the presence”, dated by a calendar of 49-year jubilees and a 364-day solar year (mid-2nd century BCE). Like 1 Enoch it is canonical only in the Ethiopian church, whose Ge'ez version is the only complete text; parts survive in Latin, Syriac and Greek quotations. Fragments of about fifteen Hebrew copies were found at Qumran, more than of most biblical books, and are published in DJD 13 (VanderKam and Milik, 1994) and DJD 23. The English is R. H. Charles's 1917 translation (public domain).

Lexicon and concordance data

Hebrew words carry the analysis of STEPBible's Translators Amalgamated Hebrew OT (Tyndale House, Cambridge): extended Strong's numbers — James Strong's 1890 numbering, subdivided to follow the Brown–Driver–Briggs lexicon (1906) — with morphology from the ETCBC and an abridged BDB for definitions. Samaritan and scroll words take the analysis of the Masoretic word they correspond to, or, where they differ, of the same written form elsewhere in the Masoretic text. Greek words are matched through the Swete Septuagint and the Morpheus parser to STEPBible's Greek lexicon, which draws on Abbott-Smith (1922) and Liddell–Scott–Jones.

† Licensed for non-commercial use only. Full credits and licences: Credits and licences.