Textorah

Nehemiah 13

1
בַּיּוֹם הַהוּא נִקְרָא בְּסֵפֶר מֹשֶׁה בְּאָזְנֵי הָעָם וְנִמְצָא כָּתוּב בּוֹ אֲשֶׁר לֹא־יָבוֹא עַמֹּנִי וּמֹאָבִי בִּקְהַל הָאֱלֹהִים עַד־עוֹלָם
On that day they read in the book of Moses in the hearing of the people; and therein was found written, that an Ammonite and a Moabite should not enter into the assembly of G-d for ever;
Ἐν τῇ ἡμέρᾳ ἐκείνῃ ἀνεγνώσθη ἐν βιβλίῳ Μωυσῆ ἐν ὠσὶ τοῦ λαοῦ· καὶ εὑρέθη γεγραμμένον ἐν αὐτῷ, ὅπως μὴ εἰσέλθωσιν Ἀμμανῖται καὶ Μωαβῖται ἐν ἐκκλησίᾳ Θεοῦ ἕως αἰῶνος,
In that day they read in the book of Moses in the ears of the people; and it was found written in it, that the Ammonites and Moabites should not enter into the congregation of God forever;
2
כִּי לֹא קִדְּמוּ אֶת־בְּנֵי יִשְׂרָאֵל בַּלֶּחֶם וּבַמָּיִם וַיִּשְׂכֹּר עָלָיו אֶת־בִּלְעָם לְקַלְלוֹ וַיַּהֲפֹךְ אֱלֹהֵינוּ הַקְּלָלָה לִבְרָכָה
because they met not the children of Israel with bread and with water, but hired Balaam against them, to curse them; howbeit our G-d turned the curse into a blessing.
ὅτι οὐ συνήντησαν τοῖς υἱοῖς Ἰσραὴλ ἐν ἄρτῳ καὶ ὕδατι, καὶ ἐμισθώσαντο ἐπʼ αὐτὸν τὸν Βαλαὰμ καταράσασθαι· καὶ ἐπέστρεψεν ὁ Θεὸς ἡμῶν τὴν κατάραν εἰς εὐλογίαν.
because they met not the children of Israel with bread and water, but hired Balaam against them to curse them: but our God turned the curse into a blessing.
3
וַיְהִי כְּשָׁמְעָם אֶת־הַתּוֹרָה וַיַּבְדִּילוּ כָל־עֵרֶב מִיִּשְׂרָאֵל
And it came to pass, when they had heard the law, that they separated from Israel all the alien mixture.
Καὶ ἐγένετο ὡς ἤκουσαν τὸν νόμον, καὶ ἐχωρίσθησαν πᾶς ἐπίμικτος ἐν Ἰσραήλ.
And it came to pass, when they heard the law, that they were separated, [even] every alien in Israel.
4
וְלִפְנֵי מִזֶּה אֶלְיָשִׁיב הַכֹּהֵן נָתוּן בְּלִשְׁכַּת בֵּית־אֱלֹהֵינוּ קָרוֹב לְטוֹבִיָּה
Now before this, Eliashib the priest, who was appointed over the chambers of the house of our G-d, being allied unto Tobiah,
Καὶ πρὸ τούτου Ἐλιασὶβ ὁ ἱερεὺς οἰκῶν ἐν γαζοφυλακίῳ οἴκου Θεοῦ ἡμῶν, ἐγγιῶν Τωβίᾳ.
And before this time Eliashib the priest dwelt in the treasury of the house of our God, connected with Tobiah;
5
וַיַּעַשׂ לוֹ לִשְׁכָּה גְדוֹלָה וְשָׁם הָיוּ לְפָנִים נֹתְנִים אֶת־הַמִּנְחָה הַלְּבוֹנָה וְהַכֵּלִים וּמַעְשַׂר הַדָּגָן הַתִּירוֹשׁ וְהַיִּצְהָר מִצְוַת הַלְוִיִּם וְהַמְשֹׁרְרִים וְהַשֹּׁעֲרִים וּתְרוּמַת הַכֹּהֲנִים
had prepared for him a great chamber, where aforetime they laid the meal-offerings, the frankincense, and the vessels, and the tithes of the corn, the wine, and the oil, which were given by commandment to the Levites, and the singers, and the porters; and the heave-offerings for the priests.
Καὶ ἐποίησεν ἑαυτῷ γαζοφυλάκιον μέγα καὶ ἐκεῖ ἦσαν πρότερον διδόντες τὴν μαναὰ καὶ τὸν λίβανον καὶ τὰ σκεύη, καὶ τὴν δεκάτην τοῦ σίτου καὶ τοῦ οἴνου καὶ τοῦ ἐλαίου, ἐντολὴν τῶν Λευιτῶν καὶ τῶν ᾀδόντων καὶ τῶν πυλωρῶν, καὶ ἀπαρχὰς τῶν ἱερέων.
and he made himself a great treasury, and there they were formerly in the habit of bestowing the offerings, and the frankincense, and the vessels, and the tithe of the corn, and the wine, and the oil, the ordered portion of the Levites, and singers, and porters; and the firstfruits of the priests.
6
וּבְכָל־זֶה לֹא הָיִיתִי בִּירוּשָׁלָ͏ִם כִּי בִּשְׁנַת שְׁלֹשִׁים וּשְׁתַּיִם לְאַרְתַּחְשַׁסְתְּא מֶלֶךְ־בָּבֶל בָּאתִי אֶל־הַמֶּלֶךְ וּלְקֵץ יָמִים נִשְׁאַלְתִּי מִן־הַמֶּלֶךְ
But in all this time I was not at Jerusalem; for in the two and thirtieth year of Artaxerxes king of Babylon I went unto the king, and after certain days asked I leave of the king;
Καὶ ἐν παντὶ τούτῳ οὐκ ἤμην ἐν Ἱερουσαλήμ· ὅτι ἐν ἔτει τριακοστῷ καὶ δευτέρῳ τοῦ Ἀρθασασθὰ βασιλέως Βαβυλῶνος ἦλθον πρὸς τὸν βασιλέα, καὶ μετὰ τὸ τέλος τῶν ἡμερῶν ᾐτησάμην παρὰ τοῦ βασιλέως,
But in all this [time] I was not in Jerusalem; for in the thirty-second year of Artaxerxes king of Babylon I came to the king, and after a certain time I made my request of the king;
7
וָאָבוֹא לִירוּשָׁלָ͏ִם וָאָבִינָה בָרָעָה אֲשֶׁר עָשָׂה אֶלְיָשִׁיב לְטוֹבִיָּה לַעֲשׂוֹת לוֹ נִשְׁכָּה בְּחַצְרֵי בֵּית הָאֱלֹהִים
and I came to Jerusalem, and understood the evil that Eliashib had done for Tobiah, in preparing him a chamber in the courts of the house of G-d.
καὶ ἦλθον εἰς Ἱερουσαλήμ· καὶ συνῆκα ἐν τῇ πονηρίᾳ ᾗ ἐποίησεν Ἐλιασὶβ τῷ Τωβίᾳ, ποιῆσαι αὐτῷ γαζοφυλάκιον ἐν αὐλῇ οἴκου τοῦ Θεοῦ.
and I came to Jerusalem, and I understood the mischief which Eliashib had done in the case of Tobiah, in making for him a treasury in the court of the house of God.
8
וַיֵּרַע לִי מְאֹד ו͏ָאַשְׁלִיכָה אֶת־כָּל־כְּלֵי בֵית־טוֹבִיָּה הַחוּץ מִן־הַלִּשְׁכָּה
And it grieved me sore; therefore I cast forth all the household stuff of Tobiah out of the chamber.
Καὶ πονηρόν μοι ἐφάνη σφόδρα· καὶ ἔῤῥιψα πάντα τὰ σκεύη οἴκου Τωβία ἔξω ἀπὸ τοῦ γαζοφυλακίου.
And it appeared very evil to me: so I cast forth all the furniture of the house of Tobiah from the treasury.
9
וָאֹמְרָה וַיְטַהֲרוּ הַלְּשָׁכוֹת וָאָשִׁיבָה שָּׁם כְּלֵי בֵּית הָאֱלֹהִים אֶת־הַמִּנְחָה וְהַלְּבוֹנָה
Then I commanded, and they cleansed the chambers; and thither brought I again the vessels of the house of G-d, with the meal-offerings and the frankincense.
Καὶ εἶπα, καὶ ἐκαθάρισαν τὰ γαζοφυλάκια· καὶ ἐπέστρεψα ἐκεῖ σκεύη οἴκου τοῦ Θεοῦ, τὴν μαναὰ καὶ τὸν λίβανον.
And I gave orders, and they purified the treasuries: and I restored thither the vessels of the house of God, [and] the offerings, and the frankincense.
10
וָאֵדְעָה כִּי־מְנָיוֹת הַלְוִיִּם לֹא נִתָּנָה וַיִּבְרְחוּ אִישׁ־לְשָׂדֵהוּ הַלְוִיִּם וְהַמְשֹׁרְרִים עֹשֵׂי הַמְּלָאכָה
And I perceived that the portions of the Levites had not been given them; so that the Levites and the singers, that did the work, were fled every one to his field.
Καὶ ἔγνων ὅτι μερίδες τῶν Λευιτῶν οὐκ ἐδόθησαν· καὶ ἐφύγοσαν ἀνὴρ εἰς ἀγρὸν αὐτοῦ, οἱ Λευῖται καὶ οἱ ᾄδοντες ποιοῦντες τὸ ἔργον.
And I understood that the portion of the Levites had not been given: and they had fled every one to his field, the Levites and the singers doing the work.
11
וָאָרִיבָה אֶת־הַסְּגָנִים וָאֹמְרָה מַדּוּעַ נֶעֱזַב בֵּית־הָאֱלֹהִים וָאֶקְבְּצֵם וָאַעֲמִדֵם עַל־עָמְדָם
Then contended I with the rulers, and said: 'Why is the house of G-d forsaken?' And I gathered them together, and set them in their place.
Καὶ ἐμαχεσάμην τοῖς στρατηγοῖς, καὶ εἶπα, διὰ τί ἐγκατελείφθη ὁ οἶκος τοῦ Θεοῦ; καὶ συνήγαγον αὐτοὺς, καὶ ἔστησα αὐτοὺς ἐπὶ τῇ στάσει αὐτῶν.
And I strove with the commanders, and said, Wherefore has the house of God been abandoned? and I assembled them, and set them in their place.
12
וְכָל־יְהוּדָה הֵבִיאוּ מַעְשַׂר הַדָּגָן וְהַתִּירוֹשׁ וְהַיִּצְהָר לָאוֹצָרוֹת
Then brought all Judah the tithe of the corn and the wine and the oil unto the treasuries.
Καὶ πᾶς Ἰούδα ἤνεγκαν δεκάτην τοῦ πυροῦ καὶ τοῦ οἴνου καὶ τοῦ ἐλαίου εἰς τοὺς θησαυροὺς
And all Judah brought a tithe of the wheat and the wine and the oil into the treasuries,
13
וָאוֹצְרָה עַל־אוֹצָרוֹת שֶׁלֶמְיָה הַכֹּהֵן וְצָדוֹק הַסּוֹפֵר וּפְדָיָה מִן־הַלְוִיִּם וְעַל־יָדָם חָנָן בֶּן־זַכּוּר בֶּן־מַתַּנְיָה כִּי נֶאֱמָנִים נֶחְשָׁבוּ וַעֲלֵיהֶם לַחֲלֹק לַאֲחֵיהֶם
And I made treasurers over the treasuries, Shelemiah the priest, and Zadok the scribe, and of the Levites, Pedaiah; and next to them was Hanan the son of Zaccur, the son of Mattaniah; for they were counted faithful, and their office was to distribute unto their brethren.
ἐπὶ χεῖρα Σελεμία τοῦ ἱερέως, καὶ Σαδὼκ τοῦ γραμματέως, καὶ Φαδαΐα ἀπὸ τῶν Λευιτῶν· καὶ ἐπὶ χεῖρα αὐτῶν Ἀνὰν υἱὸς Ζακχοὺρ, υἱὸς Ματθανίου, ὅτι πιστοὶ ἐλογίσθησαν, ἐπʼ αὐτοὺς μερίζειν τοῖς ἀδελφοῖς αὐτῶν.
to the charge of Shelemiah the priest, and Zadok the scribe, and Pedaiah of the Levites: and next to them [was] Hanan the son of Zaccur, son of Mattaniah; for they were accounted faithful: [it was] their office to distribute to their brethren.
14
זָכְרָה־לִּי אֱלֹהַי עַל־זֹאת וְאַל־תֶּמַח חֲסָדַי אֲשֶׁר עָשִׂיתִי בְּבֵית אֱלֹהַי וּבְמִשְׁמָרָיו
Remember me, O my G-d, concerning this, and wipe not out my good deeds that I have done for the house of my G-d, and for the wards thereof.
Μνήσθητί μου ὁ Θεὸς ἐν ταὐτῇ, καὶ μὴ ἐξαλειφθήτω ἔλεός μου ὃ ἐποίησα ἐν οἴκῳ Κυρίου τοῦ Θεοῦ.
Remember me, O God, in this, and let not my kindness be forgotten which I have wrought in [regard to] the house of the Lord God.
15
בַּיָּמִים הָהֵמָּה רָאִיתִי בִיהוּדָה דֹּרְכִים־גִּתּוֹת בַּשַּׁבָּת וּמְבִיאִים הָעֲרֵמוֹת וְעֹמְסִים עַל־הַחֲמֹרִים וְאַף־יַיִן עֲנָבִים וּתְאֵנִים וְכָל־מַשָּׂא וּמְבִיאִים יְרוּשָׁלַ͏ִם בְּיוֹם הַשַּׁבָּת וָאָעִיד בְּיוֹם מִכְרָם צָיִד
In those days saw I in Judah some treading winepresses on the sabbath, and bringing in heaps of corn, and lading asses therewith; as also wine, grapes, and figs, and all manner of burdens, which they brought into Jerusalem on the sabbath day; and I forewarned them in the day wherein they sold victuals.
Ἐν ταῖς ἡμέραις ἐκείναις εἶδον ἐν Ἰούδα πατοῦντας ληνοὺς ἐν τῷ σαββάτῳ, καὶ φέροντας δράγματα, καὶ ἐπιγεμίζοντας ἐπὶ τοὺς ὄνους καὶ οἶνον καὶ σταφυλὴν καὶ σῦκα καὶ πᾶν βάσταγμα, καὶ φέροντας εἰς Ἱερουσαλὴμ ἐν ἡμέρᾳ τοῦ σαββάτου· καὶ ἐπεμαρτυράμην ἐν ἡμέρᾳ πράσεως αὐτῶν.
In those days I saw in Judah [men] treading winepresses on the Sabbath, and carrying sheaves, and loading asses with both wine, and grapes, and figs, and every [kind of] burden, and bringing them into Jerusalem on the Sabbath day:
16
וְהַצֹּרִים יָשְׁבוּ בָהּ מְבִיאִים דָּאג וְכָל־מֶכֶר וּמֹכְרִים בַּשַּׁבָּת לִבְנֵי יְהוּדָה וּבִירוּשָׁלָ͏ִם
There dwelt men of Tyre also therein, who brought in fish, and all manner of ware, and sold on the sabbath unto the children of Judah, and in Jerusalem.
Καὶ ἐκάθισαν ἐν αὐτῇ φέροντες ἰχθὺν, καὶ πᾶσαν πρᾶσιν πωλοῦντες τῷ σαββάτῳ τοῖς υἱοῖς Ἰούδα καὶ ἐν Ἱερουσαλήμ.
and I testified in the day of their sale. Also there dwelt in it [men] bringing fish, and selling every [kind of] merchandise to the children of Judah and in Jerusalem on the Sabbath.
17
וָאָרִיבָה אֵת חֹרֵי יְהוּדָה וָאֹמְרָה לָהֶם מָה־הַדָּבָר הָרָע הַזֶּה אֲשֶׁר אַתֶּם עֹשִׂים וּמְחַלְּלִים אֶת־יוֹם הַשַּׁבָּת
Then I contended with the nobles of Judah, and said unto them: 'What evil thing is this that ye do, and profane the sabbath day?
Καὶ ἐμαχεσάμην τοῖς υἱοῖς Ἰούδα τοῖς ἐλευθέροις, καὶ εἶπα αὐτοῖς, τίς ὁ λόγος οὗτος ὁ πονηρὸς, ὃν ὑμεῖς ποιεῖτε, καὶ βεβηλοῦτε τὴν ἡμέραν τοῦ σαββάτου;
And I strove with the free children of Judah, and said to them, What [is] this evil thing which ye do, and profane the Sabbath day?
18
הֲלוֹא כֹה עָשׂוּ אֲבֹתֵיכֶם וַיָּבֵא אֱלֹהֵינוּ עָלֵינוּ אֵת כָּל־הָרָעָה הַזֹּאת וְעַל הָעִיר הַזֹּאת וְאַתֶּם מוֹסִיפִים חָרוֹן עַל־יִשְׂרָאֵל לְחַלֵּל אֶת־הַשַּׁבָּת
Did not your fathers thus, and did not our G-d bring all this evil upon us, and upon this city? yet ye bring more wrath upon Israel by profaning the sabbath.'
Οὐχὶ οὕτως ἐποίησαν οἱ πατέρες ὑμῶν, καὶ ἤνεγκεν ἐπʼ αὐτοὺς ὁ Θεὸς ἡμῶν καὶ ἐφʼ ἡμᾶς πάντα τὰ κακὰ ταῦτα καὶ ἐπὶ τὴν πόλιν ταύτην; καὶ ὑμεῖς προστίθετε ὀργὴν ἐπὶ Ἰσραὴλ βεβηλῶσαι τὸ σάββατον;
Did not your fathers thus, and our God brought upon them and upon us and upon this city all these evils? and do ye bring additional wrath upon Israel by profaning the Sabbath?
19
וַיְהִי כַּאֲשֶׁר צָלֲלוּ שַׁעֲרֵי יְרוּשָׁלִַם לִפְנֵי הַשַׁבָּת וָאֹמְרָה וַיִּסָּגְרוּ הַדְּלָתוֹת וָאֹמְרָה אֲשֶׁר לֹא יִפְתָּחוּם עַד אַחַר הַשַּׁבָּת וּמִנְּעָרַי ה͏ֶעֱמַדְתִּי עַל־הַשְּׁעָרִים לֹא־יָבוֹא מַשָּׂא בְּיוֹם הַשַבָּת
And it came to pass that, when the gates of Jerusalem began to be dark before the sabbath, I commanded that the doors should be shut, and commanded that they should not be opened till after the sabbath; and some of my servants set I over the gates, that there should no burden be brought in on the sabbath day.
Καὶ ἐγένετο ἡνίκα κατέστησαν πύλαι ἐν Ἱερουσαλὴμ πρὸ τοῦ σαββάτου, καὶ εἶπα, καὶ ἔκλεισαν τὰς πύλας· καὶ εἶπα, ὥστε μὴ ἀνοιγῆναι αὐτὰς ἕως ὀπίσω τοῦ σαββάτου· καὶ ἐκ τῶν παιδαρίων μου ἔστησα ἐπὶ τὰς πύλας, ὥστε μὴ αἴρειν βαστάγματα ἐν ἡμέρᾳ τοῦ σαββάτου.
And it came to pass, when the gates were set up in Jerusalem, before the Sabbath, that I spoke, and they shut the gates; and I gave orders that they should not be opened till after the Sabbath: and I set [some] of my servants at the gates, that none should bring [in] burdens on the Sabbath day.
20
וַיָּלִינוּ הָרֹכְלִים וּמֹכְרֵי כָל־מִמְכָּר מִחוּץ לִירוּשָׁלָ͏ִם פַּעַם וּשְׁתָּיִם
So the merchants and sellers of all kind of ware lodged without Jerusalem once or twice.
Καὶ ηὐλίσθησαν πάντες, καὶ ἐποίησαν πρᾶσιν ἔξω Ἰερουσαλὴμ ἅπαξ καὶ δίς.
So all [the merchants] lodged, and carried on traffic without Jerusalem once or twice.
21
וָאָעִידָה בָהֶם וָאֹמְרָה אֲלֵיהֶם מַדּוּעַ אַתֶּם לֵנִים נֶגֶד הַחוֹמָה אִם־תִּשְׁנוּ יָד אֶשְׁלַח בָּכֶם מִן־הָעֵת הַהִיא לֹא־בָאוּ בַּשַּׁבָּת
Then I forewarned them, and said unto them: 'Why lodge ye about the wall? if ye do so again, I will lay hands on you.' From that time forth came they no more on the sabbath.
Καὶ ἐπεμαρτυράμην ἐν αὐτοῖς, καὶ εἶπα πρὸς αὐτοὺς, διὰ τί ὑμεῖς αὐλίζεσθε ἀπέναντι τοῦ τείχους; ἐὰν δευτερώσητε, ἐκτενῶ χεῖρά μου ἐν ὑμῖν· ἀπὸ τοῦ καιροῦ ἐκείνου οὐκ ἤλθοσαν ἐν σαββάτῳ.
Then I testified against them, and said to them, Why do ye lodge in front of the wall? if ye do so again, I will stretch out my hand upon you. From that time they came not on the Sabbath.
22
וָאֹמְרָה לַלְוִיִּם אֲשֶׁר יִהְיוּ מִטַּהֲרִים וּבָאִים שֹׁמְרִים הַשְּׁעָרִים לְקַדֵּשׁ אֶת־יוֹם הַשַּׁבָּת גַּם־זֹאת זָכְרָה־לִּי אֱלֹהַי וְחוּסָה עָלַי כְּרֹב חַסְדֶּךָ
And I commanded the Levites that they should purify themselves, and that they should come and keep the gates, to sanctify the sabbath day. Remember unto me, O my G-d, this also, and spare me according to the greatness of Thy mercy.
Καὶ εἶπα τοῖς Λευίταις, οἳ ἦσαν καθαριζόμενοι, καὶ ἐρχόμενοι φυλάσσοντες τὰς πύλας, ἁγιάζειν τὴν ἡμέραν τοῦ σαββάτου. Πρὸς ταῦτα μνήσθητί μου ὁ Θεὸς, καὶ φεῖσαί μου κατὰ τὸ πλῆθος τοῦ ἐλέους σου.
And I told the Levites who were purifying themselves, and came and kept the gates, that they should sanctify the Sabbath day. Remember me, O God, for these things, and spare me according to the abundance of thy mercy.
23
גַּם בַּיָּמִים הָהֵם רָאִיתִי אֶת־הַיְּהוּדִים הֹשִׁיבוּ נָשִׁים אשדודיות אַשְׁדֳּדִיּוֹת עמוניות עַמֳּנִיּוֹת מוֹאֲבִיּוֹת
In those days also saw I the Jews that had married women of Ashdod, of Ammon, and of Moab;
Καὶ ἐν ταῖς ἡμέραις ἐκείναις εἶδον τοὺς Ἰουδαίους οἳ ἐκάθισαν γυναῖκας Ἀζωτίας, Ἀμμανίτιδας, Μωαβίτιδας·
And in those days I saw the Jews who had married women of Ashdod, of Ammon, [and] of Moab:
24
וּבְנֵיהֶם חֲצִי מְדַבֵּר אַשְׁדּוֹדִית וְאֵינָם מַכִּירִים לְדַבֵּר יְהוּדִית וְכִלְשׁוֹן עַם וָעָם
and their children spoke half in the speech of Ashdod, and could not speak in the Jews' language, but according to the language of each people.
καὶ οἱ υἱοὶ αὐτῶν ἥμισυ λαλοῦντες Ἀζωτιστὶ, καὶ οὐκ εἰσὶν ἐπιγινώσκοντες λαλεῖν Ἰουδαϊστί.
and their children spoke half in the language of Ashdod, and did not know how to speak in the Jewish language.
25
וָאָרִיב עִמָּם וָאֲקַלְלֵם וָאַכֶּה מֵהֶם אֲנָשִׁים וָאֶמְרְטֵם וָאַשְׁבִּיעֵם בֵּאלֹהִים אִם־תִּתְּנוּ בְנֹתֵיכֶם לִבְנֵיהֶם וְאִם־תִּשְׂאוּ מִבְּנֹתֵיהֶם לִבְנֵיכֶם וְלָכֶם
And I contended with them, and cursed them, and smote certain of them, and plucked off their hair, and made them swear by G-d: 'Ye shall not give your daughters unto their sons, nor take their daughters for your sons, or for yourselves.
Καὶ ἐμαχεσάμην μετʼ αὐτῶν, καὶ καταρασάμην αὐτούς· καὶ ἐπάταξα ἐν αὐτοῖς ἄνδρας, καὶ ἐμαδάρωσα αὐτοὺς, καὶ ὤρκισα αὐτοὺς ἐν τῷ Θεῷ, ἐὰν δῶτε τὰς θυγατέρας ὑμῶν τοῖς υἱοῖς αὐτῶν, καὶ ἐὰν λάβητε ἀπὸ τῶν θυγατέρων αὐτῶν τοῖς υἱοῖς ὑμῶν.
And I strove with them and cursed them; and I smote some of them, and plucked off their hair, and made them swear by God, [saying], Ye shall not give your daughters to their sons, and ye shall not take of their daughters to your sons.
26
הֲלוֹא עַל־אֵלֶּה חָטָא־שְׁלֹמֹה מֶלֶךְ יִשְׂרָאֵל וּבַגּוֹיִם הָרַבִּים לֹא־הָיָה מֶלֶךְ כָּמֹהוּ וְאָהוּב לֵאלֹהָיו הָיָה וַיִּתְּנֵהוּ אֱלֹהִים מֶלֶךְ עַל־כָּל־יִשְׂרָאֵל גַּם־אוֹתוֹ הֶחֱטִיאוּ הַנָּשִׁים הַנָּכְרִיּוֹת
Did not Solomon king of Israel sin by these things? yet among many nations was there no king like him, and he was beloved of his G-d, and G-d made him king over all Israel; nevertheless even him did the foreign women cause to sin.
Οὐχ οὕτως ἥμαρτε Σαλωμὼν βασιλεὺς Ἰσραήλ; καὶ ἐν ἔθνεσι πολλοῖς οὐκ ἦν βασιλεὺς ὅμοιος αὐτῷ, καὶ ἀγαπώμενος τῷ Θεῷ ἦν, καὶ ἔδωκεν αὐτὸν ὁ Θεὸς εἰς βασιλέα ἐπὶ πάντα Ἰσραὴλ, καὶ τοῦτον ἐξέκλιναν αἱ γυναῖκες αἱ ἀλλότριαι.
Did not Solomon king of Israel sin thus? though there was no king like him among many nations, and he was beloved of God, and God made him king over all Israel; yet strange women turned him aside.
27
וְלָכֶם הֲנִשְׁמַע לַעֲשֹׂת אֵת כָּל־הָרָעָה הַגְּדוֹלָה הַזֹּאת לִמְעֹל בֵּאלֹהֵינוּ לְהֹשִׁיב נָשִׁים נָכְרִיּוֹת
Shall we then hearken unto you to do all this great evil, to break faith with our G-d in marrying foreign women?'
Καὶ ὑμῶν μὴ ἀκουσώμεθα ποιῆσαι πᾶσαν πονηρίαν ταύτην, ἀσυνθετῆσαι ἐν τῷ Θεῷ ἡμῶν, καθίσαι γυναῖκας ἀλλοτρίας.
So we will not hearken to you to do all this evil, to break covenant with our God—to marry strange wives.
28
וּמִבְּנֵי יוֹיָדָע בֶּן־אֶלְיָשִׁיב הַכֹּהֵן הַגָּדוֹל חָתָן לְסַנְבַלַּט הַחֹרֹנִי וָאַבְרִיחֵהוּ מֵעָלָי
And one of the sons of Joiada, the son of Eliashib the high priest, was son-in-law to Sanballat the Horonite; therefore I chased him from me.
Καὶ ἀπὸ υἱῶν Ἰωαδὰ τοῦ Ἐλισοὺβ τοῦ ἱερέως τοῦ μεγάλου νυμφίου τοῦ Σαναβαλλὰτ τοῦ Οὐρανίτου, καὶ ἐξέβρασα αὐτὸν ἀπʼ ἐμοῦ.
And Eliashib the high priest, [one] of the sons of Jehoiada, [being] son-in-law of Sanballat the Horonite, I chased him away from me.
29
זָכְרָה לָהֶם אֱלֹהָי עַל גָּאֳלֵי הַכְּהֻנָּה וּבְרִית הַכְּהֻנָּה וְהַלְוִיִּם
Remember them, O my G-d, because they have defiled the priesthood, and the covenant of the priesthood, and of the Levites.
Μνήσθητι αὐτοῖς ὁ Θεὸς ἐπὶ ἀλχιστείᾳ τῆς ἱερατείας, καὶ διαθήκῃ τῆς ἱερατείας, καὶ τοὺς Λευίτας.
Remember them, O God, for their [false] connection with the priesthood, and [the breaking] the covenant of the priesthood, and [for defiling] the Levites.
30
וְטִהַרְתִּים מִכָּל־נֵכָר וָאַעֲמִידָה מִשְׁמָרוֹת לַכֹּהֲנִים וְלַלְוִיִּם אִישׁ בִּמְלַאכְתּוֹ
Thus cleansed I them from everything foreign, and appointed wards for the priests and for the Levites, every one in his work;
Καὶ ἐκαθάρισα αὐτοὺς ἀπὸ πάσης ἀλλοτριώσεως, καὶ ἔστησα ἐφημερίας τοῖς ἱερεῦσι καὶ τοῖς Λευίταις, ἀνὴρ ὡς τὸ ἔργον αὐτοῦ.
So I purged them from all foreign connection, and established courses for the priests and the Levites, [every] man according to his work.
31
וּלְקֻרְבַּן הָעֵצִים בְּעִתִּים מְזֻמָּנוֹת וְלַבִּכּוּרִים זָכְרָה־לִּי אֱלֹהַי לְטוֹבָה 405 13 4 4
and for the wood-offering, at times appointed, and for the first-fruits. Remember me, O my G-d, for good.
Καὶ τὸ δῶρον τῶν ξυλοφόρων ἐν καιροῖς ἀπὸ χρόνων, καὶ ἐν τοῖς βακχουρίοις. Μνήσθητί μου ὁ Θεὸς ἡμῶν εἰς ἀγαθωσύνην.
And the offering of the wood bearers [was] at certain set times, and in the [times of the] firstfruits. Remember me, O our God, for good.

How it works

A parallel reader for the Hebrew Bible and its oldest witnesses: the Masoretic text, the Samaritan Pentateuch, the Dead Sea Scrolls and the Septuagint, each with an English translation where one is available.

Reading a chapter

Choose a book and chapter at the top, or type a reference into Go to (Isa 53:11, 1 Sam 3, sam 3:4, ii kgs 2, ben sira 51). Book names can be abbreviated; a name shared by numbered books (sam, kings, chr, macc) opens the first of them unless you add the number. The arrow keys move between chapters, and the address bar keeps a link to the verse you clicked, so you can bookmark or share a place.

Each row is one verse. Rows follow the Masoretic verse numbering, so the Hebrew, JPS and Samaritan columns line up exactly. The Septuagint is numbered differently in many places (Psalms, Jeremiah, Exodus 35–40, parts of Kings, Proverbs, Daniel, and dozens of chapter boundaries). Its verses are placed against their Masoretic counterparts, and a small tag such as 50:3 shows the Septuagint's own number when it differs. Greek verses that have no Masoretic counterpart (for example the Prayer of Azariah in Daniel 3) appear in reading order as separate rows marked LXX.

Columns

The chips at the top switch columns on and off. Drag a chip (or a column heading) to reorder; with a chip focused, the ← → keys move it. Your choice is remembered. The Samaritan columns appear only in Genesis–Deuteronomy; the scrolls column appears wherever a manuscript survives, including Ben Sira. Columns marked † are licensed for non-commercial use only.

Words: lexicon and concordance

Hover over any Hebrew word (Masoretic, Samaritan or scroll) or any Greek word to see its dictionary form, Strong's number, a short gloss and its grammar. Click the word to open the concordance on the right: the full lexicon entry, then every occurrence, grouped by book — for Hebrew, separately for the Masoretic text, the Samaritan Pentateuch and the scrolls (with the manuscript named). Click a reference to go there; every form of the word in the chapter is highlighted. You can also type a word or a Strong's number into Lexicon at the top.

In the Masoretic text, a Ketiv (the written form, unpointed) is shown in grey immediately before its Qere (the form read aloud); both carry the Qere's dictionary entry.

Variants

The Samaritan Pentateuch and every scroll are compared word by word with the Masoretic text of the same verse:

In the scrolls, letters in brackets are a modern editor's reconstruction and are never counted as variants; letters with a dotted overline are uncertain; ◦ is a trace of an unreadable letter. Manuscripts written in paleo-Hebrew script, and divine names that square-script scrolls write in paleo-Hebrew, are shown in paleo-Hebrew letters (switchable under Display). Hover a manuscript to see its edition. Display → Dead Sea Scrolls can hide the manuscripts that agree with the Masoretic text, or strip the reconstructions to show only what survives.

The comparison is automatic. It aligns words by spelling, so a transposition or a long rewritten passage can be marked imperfectly, and the spelling rule cannot tell a suffix from a vowel letter. Treat the colours as a finding aid and check a critical edition before building an argument on a reading.

Books outside the Hebrew Bible

Besides the Septuagint-only books, the book list has 1 Enoch and Jubilees (“Other ancient books”), shown in R. H. Charles's English with the Qumran copies beside them, and Psalms has a chapter 151. Their scroll copies — like those of Tobit and Ben Sira — have no verse numbers in the data: each fragment is placed by its published identification, and its lines are spread over those verses, so treat the exact verse boundaries as approximate. Aramaic copies (Tobit 4Q196–199 and all of Enoch) are marked “Aramaic” and have no word lookups.

Rabbinic citations

The small ❝ under a verse number opens the passages of rabbinic literature that cite that verse — Mishnah, Tosefta, both Talmuds, Midrash, Targum and Kabbalah (and, if you tick the box, later halakhah, liturgy and thought) — fetched live from Sefaria, so it needs an internet connection. Each passage is listed with Sefaria's date for the work it comes from and a link to read it there. Sefaria's links include allusions and discussions as well as quotations; those it classes as quotations are marked. It works for the Hebrew Bible, Ben Sira (by Kahana's numbering, e.g. the Talmud's quotations of Ben Sira), Tobit and Jubilees. For 1 Enoch, which the rabbis do not quote, it lists instead the Zohar's passages about a “Book of Enoch”.

How the Septuagint is aligned

Each Greek verse is placed by combining three things: the standard table of Septuagint–Masoretic verse correspondences (SIL's lxx.vrs), the table of Masoretic–English numbering differences, and a comparison of the English of Brenton's Septuagint with the JPS English, which confirms each pairing and catches displaced verses. Where no Masoretic verse is similar enough, the Greek verse stands on its own row.

The Greek word data

No openly licensed word-by-word analysis of Brenton's Greek exists, so each Greek word is matched to the most frequent analysis of the same form in the openly licensed Swete Septuagint (Morpheus parser), then to a lexicon entry. About 95% of words are identified. Parses of ambiguous forms (e.g. αὐτοῦ, τοῦ) can be wrong; the card says "automatic parse" as a reminder.

About the texts

What each column is, where it comes from, and what to keep in mind when reading it.

Masoretic Text — Westminster Leningrad Codex

The Masoretic text is the Hebrew Bible as transmitted by the Masoretes, scribal scholars active in Tiberias and elsewhere roughly from the 7th to the 10th century, who fixed its vowel points, accents and marginal notes (the Masorah) around a consonantal text that was already essentially stable by the 1st–2nd century CE. The Leningrad Codex (St Petersburg, Firkovich I B 19 A), copied in 1008/1009 CE in the Ben Asher tradition, is the oldest complete manuscript of the Hebrew Bible; the slightly older Aleppo Codex lost most of the Torah in 1947. It is the base of the standard critical editions (BHK, BHS, BHQ).

The Westminster Leningrad Codex is the public-domain digital transcription of it maintained by the J. Alan Groves Center at Westminster Theological Seminary. In this edition a Ketiv appears as its own unpointed word before the pointed Qere.

JPS 1917 — The Holy Scriptures according to the Masoretic Text

The first English Bible translation produced by a committee of Jewish scholars for the Jewish Publication Society of America, under Max L. Margolis as editor-in-chief, published in 1917. Its language deliberately follows the cadence of the King James and Revised Versions, but its renderings follow the Masoretic text and Jewish exegetical tradition, and it keeps the Hebrew chapter and verse numbering. It is in the public domain; its successor, the New JPS (Tanakh, 1985), is not. The electronic edition used here writes the divine names as “HaShem” and “G-d”.

Septuagint — Brenton's Greek text and the Updated Brenton English

The Septuagint is the Jewish translation of the Hebrew scriptures into Greek. The Torah was translated in Alexandria in the 3rd century BCE (the Letter of Aristeas tells the legend of 72 translators under Ptolemy II); the other books followed over the next two centuries. Because it was made from Hebrew manuscripts older than the Masoretic text, it often preserves a different Hebrew text: Jeremiah is about one-seventh shorter and differently ordered (a shorter Hebrew text of this type survives at Qumran in 4QJerb,d), Job is about one-sixth shorter, and Esther and Daniel have long additions. It was the Bible of Philo, Josephus and the New Testament writers, and became the Old Testament of the Greek church, which in turn led Jewish translators (Aquila, Symmachus, Theodotion) to produce closer revisions.

Sir Lancelot C. L. Brenton published an English translation in 1844 and a Greek–English edition in 1851. His Greek is essentially the Sixtine (Roman) edition of 1587, which follows the 4th-century Codex Vaticanus. It is older and less critical than the modern editions of Rahlfs (1935) and Göttingen, which are under copyright. The English column is the Updated Brenton (Adam Boyd, 2020), Brenton's translation with modernised spelling and wording, dedicated to the public domain.

Samaritan Pentateuch †

The Torah as preserved by the Samaritan community of Mount Gerizim (Nablus), written in the Samaritan script, a descendant of the paleo-Hebrew alphabet. It differs from the Masoretic text in about 6,000 places, most of them spelling or grammar; in about 1,900 of them it agrees with the Septuagint. Some readings are distinctively Samaritan, above all the commandment to build an altar on Mount Gerizim added after the Ten Commandments (Exod 20:17; Deut 5:21) and “Gerizim” for “Ebal” in Deut 27:4. Many others — harmonising expansions that copy one passage into its parallel — are shared with “pre-Samaritan” Qumran manuscripts such as 4QpaleoExodm and 4QNumb, showing that the text type is older than the Samaritan schism.

European scholars learned of it in 1616, when Pietro della Valle brought a manuscript from Damascus; it was printed in the Paris (1645) and London (1657) Polyglots, collated by Benjamin Kennicott (1776–80) and edited critically by August von Gall (1914–18). The Hebrew here is Aleksandr Sigalov's digital text, based on Kennicott and checked against von Gall; the English is Sigalov's adaptation of the King James Version to the Samaritan readings. For modern scholarship see Abraham Tal's edition of MS Shechem 6 and Stefan Schorch's critical editio maior.

Dead Sea Scrolls and other Judean Desert manuscripts †

Between 1947 and 1956 the remains of about 950 manuscripts were found in eleven caves near Khirbet Qumran. Some 230 are biblical — every book of the Hebrew Bible except Esther is represented, from tiny fragments to the complete Great Isaiah Scroll (1QIsaa) — dating from about 250 BCE to 68 CE. They are a thousand years older than the Leningrad Codex. Most are close to the ancestor of the Masoretic text (“proto-Masoretic”), but others agree with the Septuagint (4QJerb, 4QSama in places), with the Samaritan text type, or with neither — evidence that several forms of the text circulated side by side before the Masoretic text prevailed.

Manuscripts from other sites fill out the picture: Masada (before its fall in 73/74 CE; excavated by Yigael Yadin, 1963–65) and the Bar Kokhba refuges of Wadi Murabba'at and Naḥal Ḥever (132–135 CE), whose biblical texts are already virtually identical with the Masoretic text, as well as Naḥal Ṣe'elim, Wadi Sdeir and Naḥal Arugot. The official publication is the Discoveries in the Judaean Desert series (Oxford, 1955–2010).

The transcriptions here are those of Martin G. Abegg Jr., James E. Bowley and Edward M. Cook, as converted by the Eep Talstra Centre for Bible and Computer (ETCBC). Each manuscript is labelled with its siglum (e.g. 4QIsad), its DJD number, its find-site and the column or fragment and line. Besides the biblical manuscripts, the copies of Ben Sira, Tobit, 1 Enoch, Jubilees and Psalm 151 are shown under those books. Not every manuscript is in the dataset — notably the Greek scrolls (such as the Greek Minor Prophets from Naḥal Ḥever) are absent, and the Masada Ben Sira scroll is added separately (see Ben Sira).

Ben Sira

The Wisdom of Yeshua ben Eleazar ben Sira, composed in Hebrew in Jerusalem around 190–180 BCE and translated into Greek by his grandson in Egypt after 132 BCE (his prologue explains the difficulty of rendering Hebrew into Greek). It belongs to the Septuagint and to the Catholic and Orthodox canons (Latin Ecclesiasticus) but not to the Jewish one, although the Talmud and midrash quote it. Its Hebrew text was lost to the West until 1896, when Solomon Schechter, Agnes Lewis and Margaret Gibson identified medieval copies in the Cairo Genizah; ancient Hebrew copies then emerged at Qumran and Masada.

About two-thirds of the Hebrew is now known, from six medieval Genizah manuscripts (A–F, 10th–12th century) and three ancient ones: 2QSir (2Q18; Sir 6:14–15, 20–32), the acrostic of Sir 51:13–20, 30 in the Psalms Scroll 11QPsa (columns 21–22), and the Masada scroll (Mas1h), found by Yigael Yadin in 1964 in a casemate room of the fortress and published in 1965: seven columns with Sir 39:27–44:17, copied in the early 1st century BCE, little more than a century after the author. Its agreement with Genizah manuscript B showed that the medieval copies descend from the ancient Hebrew rather than from a translation back from Greek or Syriac.

Here the book is shown in Brenton's Greek and English. The Hebrew column is the Kahana edition, as transcribed on Hebrew Wikisource and distributed by Sefaria (CC BY-SA): a running text built on the Genizah manuscripts, in which words in [brackets] are Kahana's restorations; chapters with no surviving Hebrew are empty. Kahana numbers the verses in the Hebrew order — in the Greek, two blocks of chapters 30–36 are transposed — so his verses have been matched to Brenton's by content for this site, with his own number shown as “Heb.” where it differs. The scrolls column has the three ancient witnesses; the Masada text is Eric Reymond's transcription from bensira.org. Their placement was made for this site by matching the text; there is no Masoretic text to compare them with, so no variants are marked.

Psalm 151

The Septuagint Psalter ends with a short psalm “outside the number”, in which David recalls tending his father's sheep, his anointing and his victory over Goliath. It belongs to the Greek, Syriac and Ethiopic Bibles but not to the Hebrew one, and was long thought to have been composed in Greek — until the Psalms Scroll from Qumran Cave 11 (11QPsa, published by James Sanders in 1965) turned out to contain a longer Hebrew original in its 28th column, as two poems (151A on David's music and anointing, 151B, broken off, on Goliath). The Greek is a condensed translation of them. The psalm is shown as chapter 151 of Psalms, with the scroll's lines under the Greek verses they correspond to.

Tobit

A Jewish novella of the Eastern diaspora (probably 3rd–2nd century BCE): the pious exile Tobit, blinded in Nineveh, sends his son Tobias to recover money in Media, guided by the angel Raphael in disguise; on the way Tobias marries Sarah and drives off the demon Asmodeus. It is in the Septuagint and the Catholic and Orthodox canons. It survives in two Greek forms — a shorter one (Codices Vaticanus and Alexandrinus, printed by Brenton) and a longer one (Codex Sinaiticus) — and the Qumran copies, four in Aramaic (4Q196–199) and one in Hebrew (4Q200), published by Joseph Fitzmyer in 1995, side with the longer form, which is now generally taken as nearer the original. Their verse placement here follows Fitzmyer's identifications.

1 Enoch

A collection of five works ascribed to Enoch, the seventh from Adam who “walked with God” (Gen 5:24): the Book of the Watchers (ch. 1–36, 3rd century BCE), on the angels who descended to the daughters of men; the Parables (37–71); the Astronomical Book (72–82); the Dream Visions (83–90), with the “Animal Apocalypse” of Israel's history; and the Epistle of Enoch (91–108). It is quoted in the Letter of Jude (1:14–15) and is canonical in the Ethiopian Orthodox Church, whose Ge'ez version is the only complete text; Greek survives for about a third. Józef Milik published the Aramaic fragments from Qumran Cave 4 in 1976: eleven copies, covering every part except the Parables, the oldest from around 200 BCE. The English is R. H. Charles's 1917 translation from the Ethiopic (public domain). The Astronomical scrolls (4Q208–211) contain a much longer calendar than the Ethiopic; only their few passages that match chapters 76–82 are placed.

Jubilees

A retelling of Genesis and Exodus 1–14 as revealed to Moses on Sinai by an “angel of the presence”, dated by a calendar of 49-year jubilees and a 364-day solar year (mid-2nd century BCE). Like 1 Enoch it is canonical only in the Ethiopian church, whose Ge'ez version is the only complete text; parts survive in Latin, Syriac and Greek quotations. Fragments of about fifteen Hebrew copies were found at Qumran, more than of most biblical books, and are published in DJD 13 (VanderKam and Milik, 1994) and DJD 23. The English is R. H. Charles's 1917 translation (public domain).

Lexicon and concordance data

Hebrew words carry the analysis of STEPBible's Translators Amalgamated Hebrew OT (Tyndale House, Cambridge): extended Strong's numbers — James Strong's 1890 numbering, subdivided to follow the Brown–Driver–Briggs lexicon (1906) — with morphology from the ETCBC and an abridged BDB for definitions. Samaritan and scroll words take the analysis of the Masoretic word they correspond to, or, where they differ, of the same written form elsewhere in the Masoretic text. Greek words are matched through the Swete Septuagint and the Morpheus parser to STEPBible's Greek lexicon, which draws on Abbott-Smith (1922) and Liddell–Scott–Jones.

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