Textorah

Leviticus 27

1
וַיְדַבֵּר יְהוָה אֶל־מֹשֶׁה לֵּאמֹר
And HaShem spoke unto Moses, saying:
Καὶ ἐλάλησε Κύριος πρὸς Μωυσῆν, λέγων,
And the Lord spoke to Moses, saying,
2
דַּבֵּר אֶל־בְּנֵי יִשְׂרָאֵל וְאָמַרְתָּ אֲלֵהֶם אִישׁ כִּי יַפְלִא נֶדֶר בְּעֶרְכְּךָ נְפָשֹׁת לַיהוָה
Speak unto the children of Israel, and say unto them: When a man shall clearly utter a vow of persons unto HaShem, according to thy valuation,
λάλησον τοῖς υἱοῖς Ἰσραὴλ, καὶ ἐρεῖς αὐτοῖς, ὃς ἂν εὔξηται εὐχὴν ὥστε τιμὴν τῆς ψυχῆς αὐτοῦ τῷ Κυρίῳ,
Speak to the children of Israel, and thou shalt say to them, Whosoever shall vow a vow as the valuation of his soul for the Lord,
3
וְהָיָה עֶרְכְּךָ הַזָּכָר מִבֶּן עֶשְׂרִים שָׁנָה וְעַד בֶּן־שִׁשִּׁים שָׁנָה וְהָיָה עֶרְכְּךָ חֲמִשִּׁים שֶׁקֶל כֶּסֶף בְּשֶׁקֶל הַקֹּדֶשׁ
then thy valuation shall be for the male from twenty years old even unto sixty years old, even thy valuation shall be fifty shekels of silver, after the shekel of the sanctuary.
ἔσται ἡ τιμὴ τοῦ ἄρσενος ἀπὸ εἰκοσαετοῦς, ἕως ἑξηκονταετοῦς, ἔσται αὐτοῦ ἡ τιμὴ πεντήκοντα δίδραχμα ἀργυρίου τῷ σταθμῷ τῷ ἁγίῳ·
the valuation of a male from twenty years old to sixty years old shall be—his valuation shall be fifty didrachmas of silver by the standard of the sanctuary.
4
וְאִם־נְקֵבָה הִוא וְהָיָה עֶרְכְּךָ שְׁלֹשִׁים שָׁקֶל
And if it be a female, then thy valuation shall be thirty shekels.
Τῆς δὲ θηλείας ἔσται ἡ συντίμησις τριάκοντα δίδραχμα.
And the valuation of a female shall be thirty didrachmas.
5
וְאִם מִבֶּן־חָמֵשׁ שָׁנִים וְעַד בֶּן־עֶשְׂרִים שָׁנָה וְהָיָה עֶרְכְּךָ הַזָּכָר עֶשְׂרִים שְׁקָלִים וְלַנְּקֵבָה עֲשֶׂרֶת שְׁקָלִים
And if it be from five years old even unto twenty years old, then thy valuation shall be for the male twenty shekels, and for the female ten shekels.
Ἐὰν δὲ ἀπὸ πενταετοῦς ἕως εἴκοσι ἐτῶν, ἔσται ἡ τιμὴ τοῦ ἄρσενος εἴκοσι δίδραχμα· τῆς δὲ θηλείας, δέκα δίδραχμα.
And if it be from five years old to twenty, the valuation of a male shall be twenty didrachmas, and of a female ten didrachmas.
6
וְאִם מִבֶּן־חֹדֶשׁ וְעַד בֶּן־חָמֵשׁ שָׁנִים וְהָיָה עֶרְכְּךָ הַזָּכָר חֲמִשָּׁה שְׁקָלִים כָּסֶף וְלַנְּקֵבָה עֶרְכְּךָ שְׁלֹשֶׁת שְׁקָלִים כָּסֶף
And if it be from a month old even unto five years old, then thy valuation shall be for the male five shekels of silver, and for the female thy valuation shall be three shekels of silver.
Ἀπὸ δὲ μηνιαίου ἕως πενταετοῦς, ἔσται ἡ τιμὴ τοῦ ἄρσενος πέντε δίδραχμα· τῆς δὲ θηλείας, τρία δίδραχμα ἀργυρίου.
And from a month old to five years old, the valuation of a male shall be five didrachmas, and of a female, three didrachmas of silver.
7
וְאִם מִבֶּן־שִׁשִּׁים שָׁנָה וָמַעְלָה אִם־זָכָר וְהָיָה עֶרְכְּךָ חֲמִשָּׁה עָשָׂר שָׁקֶל וְלַנְּקֵבָה עֲשָׂרָה שְׁקָלִים
And if it be from sixty years old and upward: if it be a male, then thy valuation shall be fifteen shekels, and for the female ten shekels.
Ἐὰν δὲ ἀπὸ ἑξήκοντα ἐτῶν καὶ ἐπάνω, ἐὰν μὲν ἄρσεν ᾖ, ἔσται ἡ τιμὴ αὐτοῦ πεντεκαίδεκα δίδραχμα ἀργυρίου· ἐὰν δὲ θήλεια, δέκα δίδραχμα.
And if from sixty years [old] and upward, if it be a male, his valuation shall be fifteen didrachmas of silver, and if a female, ten didrachmas.
8
וְאִם־מָךְ הוּא מֵעֶרְכֶּךָ וְהֶעֱמִידוֹ לִפְנֵי הַכֹּהֵן וְהֶעֱרִיךְ אֹתוֹ הַכֹּהֵן עַל־פִּי אֲשֶׁר תַּשִּׂיג יַד הַנֹּדֵר יַעֲרִיכֶנּוּ הַכֹּהֵן
But if he be too poor for thy valuation, then he shall be set before the priest, and the priest shall value him; according to the means of him that vowed shall the priest value him.
Ἐὰν δὲ ταπεινὸς ᾖ τῇ τιμῇ, στήσεται ἐναντίον τοῦ ἱερέως· καὶ τιμήσεται αὐτὸν ὁ ἱερεύς· καθάπερ ἰσχύει ἡ χεὶρ τοῦ εὐξαμένου, τιμήσεται αὐτὸν ὁ ἱερεύς.
And if the man be too poor for the valuation, he shall stand before the priest; and the priest shall value him: according to what the man who has vowed can afford, the priest shall value him.
9
וְאִם־בְּהֵמָה אֲשֶׁר יַקְרִיבוּ מִמֶּנָּה קָרְבָּן לַיהוָה כֹּל אֲשֶׁר יִתֵּן מִמֶּנּוּ לַיהוָה יִהְיֶה־קֹּדֶשׁ
And if it be a beast, whereof men bring an offering unto HaShem, all that any man giveth of such unto HaShem shall be holy.
Ἐὰν δὲ ἀπὸ τῶν κτηνῶν τῶν προσφερομένων ἀπʼ αὐτῶν δῶρον τῷ Κυρίῳ, ὃς ἂν δῷ ἀπὸ τούτων τῷ Κυρίῳ, ἔσται ἅγιον.
And if it be from the cattle that are offered as a gift to the Lord, whoever shall offer one of these to the Lord, it shall be holy.
10
לֹא יַחֲלִיפֶנּוּ וְלֹא־יָמִיר אֹתוֹ טוֹב בְּרָע אוֹ־רַע בְּטוֹב וְאִם־הָמֵר יָמִיר בְּהֵמָה בִּבְהֵמָה וְהָיָה־הוּא וּתְמוּרָתוֹ יִהְיֶה־קֹּדֶשׁ
He shall not alter it, nor change it, a good for a bad, or a bad for a good; and if he shall at all change beast for beast, then both it and that for which it is changed shall be holy.
Οὐκ ἀλλάξει αὐτὸ καλὸν πονηρῷ, οὐδὲ πονηρὸν καλῷ· ἐὰν δὲ ἀλλάσσων ἀλλάξῃ αὐτὸ κτῆνος κτήνει, ἔσται αὐτὸ καὶ τὸ ἄλλαγμα ἅγια.
He shall not change it, a good for a bad, or a bad for a good; and if he do at all change it, a beast for a beast, it and the substitute shall be holy.
11
וְאִם כָּל־בְּהֵמָה טְמֵאָה אֲשֶׁר לֹא־יַקְרִיבוּ מִמֶּנָּה קָרְבָּן לַיהוָה וְה͏ֶעֱמִיד אֶת־הַבְּהֵמָה לִפְנֵי הַכֹּהֵן
And if it be any unclean beast, of which they may not bring an offering unto HaShem, then he shall set the beast before the priest.
Ἐὰν δὲ πᾶν κτῆνος ἀκάθαρτον, ἀφʼ ὧν οὐ προσφέρεται ἀπʼ αὐτῶν δῶρον τῷ Κυρίῳ, στήσει τὸ κτῆνος ἔναντι τοῦ ἱερέως,
And if it be any unclean beast, of which none are offered as a gift to the Lord, he shall set the beast before the priest.
12
וְהֶעֱרִיךְ הַכֹּהֵן אֹתָהּ בֵּין טוֹב וּבֵין רָע כְּעֶרְכְּךָ הַכֹּהֵן כֵּן יִהְיֶה
And the priest shall value it, whether it be good or bad; as thou the priest valuest it, so shall it be.
καὶ τιμήσεται αὐτὸ ὁ ἱερεὺς ἀναμέσον καλοῦ καὶ ἀναμέσον πονηροῦ· καὶ καθότι ἂν τιμήσηται αὐτὸ ὁ ἱερεὺς, οὕτω στήσεται.
And the priest shall make a valuation between the good and the bad, and accordingly as the priest shall value it, so shall it stand.
13
וְאִם־גָּאֹל יִגְאָלֶנָּה וְיָסַף חֲמִישִׁתוֹ עַל־עֶרְכֶּךָ
But if he will indeed redeem it, then he shall add the fifth part thereof unto thy valuation.
Ἐὰν δὲ λυτρούμενος λυτρώσηται αὐτὸ, προσθήσει τὸ ἐπίπεμπτον πρὸς τὴν τιμὴν αὐτοῦ.
And if [the worshiper] will at all redeem it, he shall add the fifth part to its value.
14
וְאִישׁ כִּי־יַקְדִּשׁ אֶת־בֵּיתוֹ קֹדֶשׁ לַיהוָה וְהֶעֱרִיכוֹ הַכֹּהֵן בֵּין טוֹב וּבֵין רָע כַּאֲשֶׁר יַעֲרִיךְ אֹתוֹ הַכֹּהֵן כֵּן יָקוּם
And when a man shall sanctify his house to be holy unto HaShem, then the priest shall value it, whether it be good or bad; as the priest shall value it, so shall it stand.
Καὶ ἄνθρωπος ὃς ἂν ἁγιάσῃ τὴν οἰκίαν αὐτοῦ ἁγίαν τῷ Κυρίῳ, καὶ τιμήσεται αὐτὴν ὁ ἱερεὺς ἀναμέσον καλῆς καὶ ἀναμέσον πονηρᾶς· ὡς ἂν τιμήσηται αὐτὴν ὁ ἱερεὺς, οὕτω σταθήσεται.
And whatsoever man shall consecrate his house as holy to the Lord, the priest shall make a valuation of it between the good and the bad: as the priest shall value it, so shall it stand.
15
וְאִם־הַמַּקְדִּישׁ יִגְאַל אֶת־בֵּיתוֹ וְיָסַף חֲמִישִׁית כֶּסֶף־עֶרְכְּךָ עָלָיו וְהָיָה לוֹ
And if he that sanctified it will redeem his house, then he shall add the fifth part of the money of thy valuation unto it, and it shall be his.
Ἐὰν δὲ ὁ ἁγιάσας αὐτὴν λυτρῶται τὴν οἰκίαν αὐτοῦ, προσθήσει ἐπʼ αὐτὸ τὸ ἐπίπεμπτον τοῦ ἀργυρίου τῆς τιμῆς, καὶ ἔσται αὐτῷ.
And if he that has sanctified it should redeem his house, he shall add to it the fifth part of the money of the valuation, and it shall be his.
16
וְאִם מִשְּׂדֵה אֲחֻזָּתוֹ יַקְדִּישׁ אִישׁ לַיהוָה וְהָיָה עֶרְכְּךָ לְפִי זַרְעוֹ זֶרַע חֹמֶר שְׂעֹרִים בַּחֲמִשִּׁים שֶׁקֶל כָּסֶף
And if a man shall sanctify unto HaShem part of the field of his possession, then thy valuation shall be according to the sowing thereof; the sowing of a homer of barley shall be valued at fifty shekels of silver.
Ἐὰν δὲ ἀπὸ τοῦ ἀγροῦ τῆς κατασχέσεως αὐτοῦ ἁγιάσῃ ἄνθρωπος τῷ Κυρίῳ, καὶ ἔσται ἡ τιμὴ κατὰ τὸν σπόρον αὐτοῦ, κόρου κριθῶν πεντήκοντα δίδραχμα ἀργυρίου.
And if a man should hallow to the Lord a part of the field of his possession, then the valuation shall be according to its seed, fifty didrachmas of silver for a homer of barley.
17
אִם־מִשְּׁנַת הַיֹּבֵל יַקְדִּישׁ שָׂדֵהוּ כְּעֶרְכְּךָ יָקוּם
If he sanctify his field from the year of jubilee, according to thy valuation it shall stand.
Ἐὰν δὲ ἀπὸ τοῦ ἐνιαυτοῦ τῆς ἀφέσεως ἁγιάσῃ τὸν ἀγρὸν αὐτοῦ, κατὰ τὴν τιμὴν αὐτοῦ στήσεται.
And if he should sanctify his field from the year of release, it shall stand according to his valuation.
18
וְאִם־אַחַר הַיֹּבֵל יַקְדִּישׁ שָׂדֵהוּ וְחִשַּׁב־לוֹ הַכֹּהֵן אֶת־הַכֶּסֶף עַל־פִּי הַשָּׁנִים הַנּוֹתָרֹת עַד שְׁנַת הַיֹּבֵל וְנִגְרַע מֵעֶרְכֶּךָ
But if he sanctify his field after the jubilee, then the priest shall reckon unto him the money according to the years that remain unto the year of jubilee, and an abatement shall be made from thy valuation.
Ἐὰν δὲ ἔσχατον μετὰ τὴν ἄφεσιν ἁγιάσῃ τὸν ἀγρὸν αὐτοῦ, προσλογιεῖται αὐτῷ ὁ ἱερεὺς τὸ ἀργύριον ἐπὶ τὰ ἔτη τὰ ἐπίλοιπα, ἕως εἰς τὸν ἐνιαυτὸν τῆς ἀφέσεως, καὶ ἀνθυφαιρεθήσεται ἀπὸ τῆς συντιμήσεως αὐτοῦ.
And if he should sanctify his field in the latter time after the release, the priest shall reckon to him the money for the remaining years, until the [next] year of release, and it shall be deducted as an equivalent from his full valuation.
19
וְאִם־גָּאֹל יִגְאַל אֶת־הַשָּׂדֶה הַמַּקְדִּישׁ אֹתוֹ וְיָסַף חֲמִשִׁית כֶּסֶף־עֶרְכְּךָ עָלָיו וְקָם לוֹ
And if he that sanctified the field will indeed redeem it, then he shall add the fifth part of the money of thy valuation unto it, and it shall be assured to him.
Ἐὰν δὲ λυτρῶται τὸν ἀγρὸν ὁ ἁγιάσας αὐτὸν, προσθήσει τὸ ἐπίπεμπτον τοῦ ἀργυρίου πρὸς τὴν τιμὴν αὐτοῦ, καὶ ἔσται αὐτῷ.
And if he that sanctified the field would redeem it, he shall add to its value the fifth part of the money, and it shall be his.
20
וְאִם־לֹא יִגְאַל אֶת־הַשָּׂדֶה וְאִם־מָכַר אֶת־הַשָּׂדֶה לְאִישׁ אַחֵר לֹא יִגָּאֵל עוֹד
And if he will not redeem the field, or if he have sold the field to another man, it shall not be redeemed any more.
Ἐὰν δὲ μὴ λυτρῶται τὸν ἀγρὸν, καὶ ἀποδῶται τὸν ἀγρὸν ἀνθρώπῳ ἑτέρῳ, οὐκέτι μὴ λυτρώσηται αὐτόν.
And if he do not redeem the field, but should sell the field to another man, he shall not after redeem it.
21
וְהָיָה הַשָּׂדֶה בְּצֵאתוֹ בַיֹּבֵל קֹדֶשׁ לַיהוָה כִּשְׂדֵה הַחֵרֶם לַכֹּהֵן תִּהְיֶה אֲחֻזָּתוֹ
But the field, when it goeth out in the jubilee, shall be holy unto HaShem, as a field devoted; the possession thereof shall be the priest's.
Ἀλλʼ ἔσται ὁ ἀγρὸς ἐξεληλυθυίας τῆς ἀφέσεως ἅγιος τῷ Κυρίῳ, ὥσπερ ἡ γῆ ἡ ἀφωρισμένη τῷ ἱερεῖ ἔσται κατάσχεσις αὐτοῦ.
But the field shall be holy to the Lord after the release, as separated land; the priest shall have possession of it.
22
וְאִם אֶת־שְׂדֵה מִקְנָתוֹ אֲשֶׁר לֹא מִשְּׂדֵה אֲחֻזָּתוֹ יַקְדִּישׁ לַיהוָה
And if he sanctify unto HaShem a field which he hath bought, which is not of the field of his possession;
Ἐὰν δὲ ἀπὸ τοῦ ἀγροῦ οὗ κέκτηται, ὃς οὐκ ἔστιν ἀπὸ τοῦ ἀγροῦ τῆς κατασχέσεως αὐτοῦ, ἁγιάσῃ τῷ Κυρίῳ,
And if he should consecrate to the Lord of a field which he has bought, which is not of the field of his possession,
23
וְחִשַּׁב־לוֹ הַכֹּהֵן אֵת מִכְסַת הָעֶרְכְּךָ עַד שְׁנַת הַיֹּבֵל וְנָתַן אֶת־הָעֶרְכְּךָ בַּיּוֹם הַהוּא קֹדֶשׁ לַיהוָה
then the priest shall reckon unto him the worth of thy valuation unto the year of jubilee; and he shall give thy valuation in that day, as a holy thing unto HaShem.
λογιεῖται πρὸς αὐτὸν ὁ ἱερεὺς τὸ τέλος τῆς τιμῆς ἐκ τοῦ ἐνιαυτοῦ τῆς ἀφέσεως, καὶ ἀποδώσει τὴν τιμὴν ἐν τῇ ἡμέρᾳ ἐκείνῃ ἁγίαν τῷ Κυρίῳ·
the priest shall reckon to him the full valuation from the year of release, and he shall pay the valuation in that day [as] holy to the Lord.
24
בִּשְׁנַת הַיּוֹבֵל יָשׁוּב הַשָּׂדֶה לַאֲשֶׁר קָנָהוּ מֵאִתּוֹ לַאֲשֶׁר־לוֹ אֲחֻזַּת הָאָרֶץ
In the year of jubilee the field shall return unto him of whom it was bought, even to him to whom the possession of the land belongeth.
Καὶ ἐν τῷ ἐνιαυτῷ τῆς ἀφέσεως ἀποδοθήσεται ὁ ἀγρὸς τῷ ἀνθρώπῳ παρʼ οὗ κέκτηται αὐτὸν, οὗ ἦν ἡ κατάσχεσις τῆς γῆς.
And in the year of release the land shall be restored to the man of whom the other bought it, whose the possession of the land was.
25
וְכָל־עֶרְכְּךָ יִהְיֶה בְּשֶׁקֶל הַקֹּדֶשׁ עֶשְׂרִים גֵּרָה יִהְיֶה הַשָּׁקֶל
And all thy valuations shall be according to the shekel of the sanctuary; twenty gerahs shall be the shekel.
Καὶ πᾶσα τιμὴ ἔσται σταθμίοις ἁγίοις· εἴκοσι ὀβολοὶ ἔσται τὸ δίδραχμον.
And every valuation shall be by holy weights: the didrachma shall be twenty oboli.
26
אַךְ־בְּכוֹר אֲשֶׁר־יְבֻכַּר לַיהוָה בִּבְהֵמָה לֹא־יַקְדִּישׁ אִישׁ אֹתוֹ אִם־שׁוֹר אִם־שֶׂה לַיהוָה הוּא
Howbeit the firstling among beasts, which is born as a firstling to HaShem, no man shall sanctify it; whether it be ox or sheep, it is HaShem'S.
Καὶ πᾶν πρωτότοκον ὃ ἐὰν γένηται ἐν τοῖς κτήνεσί σου, ἔσται τῷ Κυρίῳ, καὶ οὐ καθαγιάσει αὐτὸ οὐδείς· ἐάν τε μόσχον, ἐάν τε πρόβατον, τῷ Κυρίῳ ἐστίν.
And every firstborn which shall be produced among thy cattle shall be the Lord’s, and no man shall sanctify it: whether calf or sheep, it is the Lord’s.
27
וְאִם בַּבְּהֵמָה הַטְּמֵאָה וּפָדָה בְעֶרְכֶּךָ וְיָסַף חֲמִשִׁתוֹ עָלָיו וְאִם־לֹא יִגָּאֵל וְנִמְכַּר בְּעֶרְכֶּךָ
And if it be of an unclean beast, then he shall ransom it according to thy valuation, and shall add unto it the fifth part thereof; or if it be not redeemed, then it shall be sold according to thy valuation.
Ἐὰν δὲ τῶν τετραπόδων τῶν ἀκαθάρτων ἀλλάξῃ κατὰ τὴν τιμὴν αὐτοῦ, καὶ προσθήσει τὸ ἐπίπεμπτον πρὸς αὐτὸ, καὶ ἔσται αὐτῷ· ἐὰν δὲ μὴ λυτρῶται, πραθήσεται κατὰ τὸ τίμημα αὐτοῦ.
But if he should redeem an unclean beast, according to its valuation, then he shall add the fifth part to it, and it shall be his; and if he redeem it not, it shall be sold according to its valuation.
28
אַךְ־כָּל־חֵרֶם אֲשֶׁר יַחֲרִם אִישׁ לַיהוָה מִכָּל־אֲשֶׁר־לוֹ מֵאָדָם וּבְהֵמָה וּמִשְּׂדֵה אֲחֻזָּתוֹ לֹא יִמָּכֵר וְלֹא יִגָּאֵל כָּל־חֵרֶם קֹדֶשׁ־קָדָשִׁים הוּא לַיהוָה
Notwithstanding, no devoted thing, that a man may devote unto HaShem of all that he hath, whether of man or beast, or of the field of his possession, shall be sold or redeemed; every devoted thing is most holy unto HaShem.
Πᾶν δὲ ἀνάθεμα, ὃ ἂν ἀναθῇ ἄνθρωπος τῷ Κυρίῳ ἀπὸ πάντων, ὅσα αὐτῷ ἐστιν, ἀπὸ ἀνθρώπου ἕως κτήνους, καὶ ἀπὸ ἀγροῦ κατασχέσεως αὐτοῦ, οὐκ ἀποδώσεται οὐδὲ λυτρώσεται· πᾶν ἀνάθεμα ἅγιον ἁγίων ἔσται τῷ Κυρίῳ.
And every dedicated thing which a man shall dedicate to the Lord of all that he has, whether man or beast, or of the field of his possession, he shall not sell it, nor redeem it: every devoted thing shall be most holy to the Lord.
29
כָּל־חֵרֶם אֲשֶׁר יָחֳרַם מִן־הָאָדָם לֹא יִפָּדֶה מוֹת יוּמָת
None devoted, that may be devoted of men, shall be ransomed; he shall surely be put to death.
Καὶ πᾶν ὃ ἐὰν ἀνατεθῇ ἀπὸ τῶν ἀνθρώπων, οὐ λυτρωθήσεται, ἀλλὰ θανάτῳ θανατωθήσεται.
And whatever shall be dedicated of men, shall not be ransomed, but shall be surely put to death.
30
וְכָל־מַעְשַׂר הָאָרֶץ מִזֶּרַע הָאָרֶץ מִפְּרִי הָעֵץ לַיהוָה הוּא קֹדֶשׁ לַיהוָה
And all the tithe of the land, whether of the seed of the land, or of the fruit of the tree, is HaShem'S; it is holy unto HaShem.
Πᾶσα δεκάτη τῆς γῆς, ἀπὸ τοῦ σπέρματος τῆς γῆς, καὶ τοῦ καρποῦ τοῦ ξυλίνου, τῷ. Κυρίῳ ἐστίν, ἅγιον τῷ Κυρίῳ.
Every tithe of the land, both of the seed of the land, and of the fruit of trees, is the Lord’s, holy to the Lord.
31
וְאִם־גָּאֹל יִגְאַל אִישׁ מִמַּעַשְׂרוֹ חֲמִשִׁיתוֹ יֹסֵף עָלָיו
And if a man will redeem aught of his tithe, he shall add unto it the fifth part thereof.
Ἐὰν δὲ λυτρῶται λύτρῳ ἄνθρωπος τὴν δεκάτην αὐτοῦ, τὸ ἐπίπεμπτον προσθήσει πρὸς αὐτὸν, καὶ ἔσται αὐτῷ.
And if a man should at all redeem his tithe, he shall add the fifth part to it, and it shall be his.
32
וְכָל־מַעְשַׂר בָּקָר וָצֹאן כֹּל אֲשֶׁר־יַעֲבֹר תַּחַת הַשָּׁבֶט ה͏ָעֲשִׂירִי יִהְיֶה־קֹּדֶשׁ לַיהוָה
And all the tithe of the herd or the flock, whatsoever passeth under the rod, the tenth shall be holy unto HaShem.
Καὶ πᾶσα δεκάτη βοῶν, καὶ προβάτων, καὶ πᾶν ὃ ἂν ἔλθῃ ἐν τῷ ἀριθμῷ ὑπὸ τὴν ῥάβδον, τὸ δέκατον ἔσται ἅγιον τῷ Κυρίῳ.
And every tithe of oxen, and of sheep, and whatsoever may come in numbering under the rod, the tenth shall be holy to the Lord.
33
לֹא יְבַקֵּר בֵּין־טוֹב לָרַע וְלֹא יְמִירֶנּוּ וְאִם־הָמֵר יְמִירֶנּוּ וְהָיָה־הוּא וּתְמוּרָתוֹ יִהְיֶה־קֹדֶשׁ לֹא יִגָּאֵל
He shall not inquire whether it be good or bad, neither shall he change it; and if he change it at all, then both it and that for which it is changed shall be holy; it shall not be redeemed.
Οὐκ ἀλλάξεις καλὸν πονηρῷ, οὐδὲ πονηρὸν καλῷ· ἐὰν δὲ ἀλλάσσων ἀλλάξῃς αὐτό, καὶ τὸ ἄλλαγμα αὐτοῦ ἔσται ἅγιον, οὐ λυτρωθήσεται.
Thou shalt not change a good for a bad, or a bad for a good; and if thou shouldest at all change it, its equivalent also shall be holy, it shall not be redeemed.
34
אֵלֶּה הַמִּצְוֺת אֲשֶׁר צִוָּה יְהוָה אֶת־מֹשֶׁה אֶל־בְּנֵי יִשְׂרָאֵל בְּהַר סִינָי 859 27 4 4
These are the commandments, which HaShem commanded Moses for the children of Israel in mount Sinai.
Αὗταί εἰσιν αἱ ἐντολαὶ ἃς ἐνετείλατο Κύριος τῷ Μωυσῇ πρὸς τοὺς υἱοὺς Ἰσραὴλ ἐν τῷ ὄρει Σινᾷ.
These are the commandments which the Lord commanded Moses for the sons of Israel in Mount Sinai.

How it works

A parallel reader for the Hebrew Bible and its oldest witnesses: the Masoretic text, the Samaritan Pentateuch, the Dead Sea Scrolls and the Septuagint, each with an English translation where one is available.

Reading a chapter

Choose a book and chapter at the top, or type a reference into Go to (Isa 53:11, 1 Sam 3, sam 3:4, ii kgs 2, ben sira 51). Book names can be abbreviated; a name shared by numbered books (sam, kings, chr, macc) opens the first of them unless you add the number. The arrow keys move between chapters, and the address bar keeps a link to the verse you clicked, so you can bookmark or share a place.

Each row is one verse. Rows follow the Masoretic verse numbering, so the Hebrew, JPS and Samaritan columns line up exactly. The Septuagint is numbered differently in many places (Psalms, Jeremiah, Exodus 35–40, parts of Kings, Proverbs, Daniel, and dozens of chapter boundaries). Its verses are placed against their Masoretic counterparts, and a small tag such as 50:3 shows the Septuagint's own number when it differs. Greek verses that have no Masoretic counterpart (for example the Prayer of Azariah in Daniel 3) appear in reading order as separate rows marked LXX.

Columns

The chips at the top switch columns on and off. Drag a chip (or a column heading) to reorder; with a chip focused, the ← → keys move it. Your choice is remembered. The Samaritan columns appear only in Genesis–Deuteronomy; the scrolls column appears wherever a manuscript survives, including Ben Sira. Columns marked † are licensed for non-commercial use only.

Words: lexicon and concordance

Hover over any Hebrew word (Masoretic, Samaritan or scroll) or any Greek word to see its dictionary form, Strong's number, a short gloss and its grammar. Click the word to open the concordance on the right: the full lexicon entry, then every occurrence, grouped by book — for Hebrew, separately for the Masoretic text, the Samaritan Pentateuch and the scrolls (with the manuscript named). Click a reference to go there; every form of the word in the chapter is highlighted. You can also type a word or a Strong's number into Lexicon at the top.

In the Masoretic text, a Ketiv (the written form, unpointed) is shown in grey immediately before its Qere (the form read aloud); both carry the Qere's dictionary entry.

Variants

The Samaritan Pentateuch and every scroll are compared word by word with the Masoretic text of the same verse:

In the scrolls, letters in brackets are a modern editor's reconstruction and are never counted as variants; letters with a dotted overline are uncertain; ◦ is a trace of an unreadable letter. Manuscripts written in paleo-Hebrew script, and divine names that square-script scrolls write in paleo-Hebrew, are shown in paleo-Hebrew letters (switchable under Display). Hover a manuscript to see its edition. Display → Dead Sea Scrolls can hide the manuscripts that agree with the Masoretic text, or strip the reconstructions to show only what survives.

The comparison is automatic. It aligns words by spelling, so a transposition or a long rewritten passage can be marked imperfectly, and the spelling rule cannot tell a suffix from a vowel letter. Treat the colours as a finding aid and check a critical edition before building an argument on a reading.

Books outside the Hebrew Bible

Besides the Septuagint-only books, the book list has 1 Enoch and Jubilees (“Other ancient books”), shown in R. H. Charles's English with the Qumran copies beside them, and Psalms has a chapter 151. Their scroll copies — like those of Tobit and Ben Sira — have no verse numbers in the data: each fragment is placed by its published identification, and its lines are spread over those verses, so treat the exact verse boundaries as approximate. Aramaic copies (Tobit 4Q196–199 and all of Enoch) are marked “Aramaic” and have no word lookups.

Rabbinic citations

The small ❝ under a verse number opens the passages of rabbinic literature that cite that verse — Mishnah, Tosefta, both Talmuds, Midrash, Targum and Kabbalah (and, if you tick the box, later halakhah, liturgy and thought) — fetched live from Sefaria, so it needs an internet connection. Each passage is listed with Sefaria's date for the work it comes from and a link to read it there. Sefaria's links include allusions and discussions as well as quotations; those it classes as quotations are marked. It works for the Hebrew Bible, Ben Sira (by Kahana's numbering, e.g. the Talmud's quotations of Ben Sira), Tobit and Jubilees. For 1 Enoch, which the rabbis do not quote, it lists instead the Zohar's passages about a “Book of Enoch”.

How the Septuagint is aligned

Each Greek verse is placed by combining three things: the standard table of Septuagint–Masoretic verse correspondences (SIL's lxx.vrs), the table of Masoretic–English numbering differences, and a comparison of the English of Brenton's Septuagint with the JPS English, which confirms each pairing and catches displaced verses. Where no Masoretic verse is similar enough, the Greek verse stands on its own row.

The Greek word data

No openly licensed word-by-word analysis of Brenton's Greek exists, so each Greek word is matched to the most frequent analysis of the same form in the openly licensed Swete Septuagint (Morpheus parser), then to a lexicon entry. About 95% of words are identified. Parses of ambiguous forms (e.g. αὐτοῦ, τοῦ) can be wrong; the card says "automatic parse" as a reminder.

About the texts

What each column is, where it comes from, and what to keep in mind when reading it.

Masoretic Text — Westminster Leningrad Codex

The Masoretic text is the Hebrew Bible as transmitted by the Masoretes, scribal scholars active in Tiberias and elsewhere roughly from the 7th to the 10th century, who fixed its vowel points, accents and marginal notes (the Masorah) around a consonantal text that was already essentially stable by the 1st–2nd century CE. The Leningrad Codex (St Petersburg, Firkovich I B 19 A), copied in 1008/1009 CE in the Ben Asher tradition, is the oldest complete manuscript of the Hebrew Bible; the slightly older Aleppo Codex lost most of the Torah in 1947. It is the base of the standard critical editions (BHK, BHS, BHQ).

The Westminster Leningrad Codex is the public-domain digital transcription of it maintained by the J. Alan Groves Center at Westminster Theological Seminary. In this edition a Ketiv appears as its own unpointed word before the pointed Qere.

JPS 1917 — The Holy Scriptures according to the Masoretic Text

The first English Bible translation produced by a committee of Jewish scholars for the Jewish Publication Society of America, under Max L. Margolis as editor-in-chief, published in 1917. Its language deliberately follows the cadence of the King James and Revised Versions, but its renderings follow the Masoretic text and Jewish exegetical tradition, and it keeps the Hebrew chapter and verse numbering. It is in the public domain; its successor, the New JPS (Tanakh, 1985), is not. The electronic edition used here writes the divine names as “HaShem” and “G-d”.

Septuagint — Brenton's Greek text and the Updated Brenton English

The Septuagint is the Jewish translation of the Hebrew scriptures into Greek. The Torah was translated in Alexandria in the 3rd century BCE (the Letter of Aristeas tells the legend of 72 translators under Ptolemy II); the other books followed over the next two centuries. Because it was made from Hebrew manuscripts older than the Masoretic text, it often preserves a different Hebrew text: Jeremiah is about one-seventh shorter and differently ordered (a shorter Hebrew text of this type survives at Qumran in 4QJerb,d), Job is about one-sixth shorter, and Esther and Daniel have long additions. It was the Bible of Philo, Josephus and the New Testament writers, and became the Old Testament of the Greek church, which in turn led Jewish translators (Aquila, Symmachus, Theodotion) to produce closer revisions.

Sir Lancelot C. L. Brenton published an English translation in 1844 and a Greek–English edition in 1851. His Greek is essentially the Sixtine (Roman) edition of 1587, which follows the 4th-century Codex Vaticanus. It is older and less critical than the modern editions of Rahlfs (1935) and Göttingen, which are under copyright. The English column is the Updated Brenton (Adam Boyd, 2020), Brenton's translation with modernised spelling and wording, dedicated to the public domain.

Samaritan Pentateuch †

The Torah as preserved by the Samaritan community of Mount Gerizim (Nablus), written in the Samaritan script, a descendant of the paleo-Hebrew alphabet. It differs from the Masoretic text in about 6,000 places, most of them spelling or grammar; in about 1,900 of them it agrees with the Septuagint. Some readings are distinctively Samaritan, above all the commandment to build an altar on Mount Gerizim added after the Ten Commandments (Exod 20:17; Deut 5:21) and “Gerizim” for “Ebal” in Deut 27:4. Many others — harmonising expansions that copy one passage into its parallel — are shared with “pre-Samaritan” Qumran manuscripts such as 4QpaleoExodm and 4QNumb, showing that the text type is older than the Samaritan schism.

European scholars learned of it in 1616, when Pietro della Valle brought a manuscript from Damascus; it was printed in the Paris (1645) and London (1657) Polyglots, collated by Benjamin Kennicott (1776–80) and edited critically by August von Gall (1914–18). The Hebrew here is Aleksandr Sigalov's digital text, based on Kennicott and checked against von Gall; the English is Sigalov's adaptation of the King James Version to the Samaritan readings. For modern scholarship see Abraham Tal's edition of MS Shechem 6 and Stefan Schorch's critical editio maior.

Dead Sea Scrolls and other Judean Desert manuscripts †

Between 1947 and 1956 the remains of about 950 manuscripts were found in eleven caves near Khirbet Qumran. Some 230 are biblical — every book of the Hebrew Bible except Esther is represented, from tiny fragments to the complete Great Isaiah Scroll (1QIsaa) — dating from about 250 BCE to 68 CE. They are a thousand years older than the Leningrad Codex. Most are close to the ancestor of the Masoretic text (“proto-Masoretic”), but others agree with the Septuagint (4QJerb, 4QSama in places), with the Samaritan text type, or with neither — evidence that several forms of the text circulated side by side before the Masoretic text prevailed.

Manuscripts from other sites fill out the picture: Masada (before its fall in 73/74 CE; excavated by Yigael Yadin, 1963–65) and the Bar Kokhba refuges of Wadi Murabba'at and Naḥal Ḥever (132–135 CE), whose biblical texts are already virtually identical with the Masoretic text, as well as Naḥal Ṣe'elim, Wadi Sdeir and Naḥal Arugot. The official publication is the Discoveries in the Judaean Desert series (Oxford, 1955–2010).

The transcriptions here are those of Martin G. Abegg Jr., James E. Bowley and Edward M. Cook, as converted by the Eep Talstra Centre for Bible and Computer (ETCBC). Each manuscript is labelled with its siglum (e.g. 4QIsad), its DJD number, its find-site and the column or fragment and line. Besides the biblical manuscripts, the copies of Ben Sira, Tobit, 1 Enoch, Jubilees and Psalm 151 are shown under those books. Not every manuscript is in the dataset — notably the Greek scrolls (such as the Greek Minor Prophets from Naḥal Ḥever) are absent, and the Masada Ben Sira scroll is added separately (see Ben Sira).

Ben Sira

The Wisdom of Yeshua ben Eleazar ben Sira, composed in Hebrew in Jerusalem around 190–180 BCE and translated into Greek by his grandson in Egypt after 132 BCE (his prologue explains the difficulty of rendering Hebrew into Greek). It belongs to the Septuagint and to the Catholic and Orthodox canons (Latin Ecclesiasticus) but not to the Jewish one, although the Talmud and midrash quote it. Its Hebrew text was lost to the West until 1896, when Solomon Schechter, Agnes Lewis and Margaret Gibson identified medieval copies in the Cairo Genizah; ancient Hebrew copies then emerged at Qumran and Masada.

About two-thirds of the Hebrew is now known, from six medieval Genizah manuscripts (A–F, 10th–12th century) and three ancient ones: 2QSir (2Q18; Sir 6:14–15, 20–32), the acrostic of Sir 51:13–20, 30 in the Psalms Scroll 11QPsa (columns 21–22), and the Masada scroll (Mas1h), found by Yigael Yadin in 1964 in a casemate room of the fortress and published in 1965: seven columns with Sir 39:27–44:17, copied in the early 1st century BCE, little more than a century after the author. Its agreement with Genizah manuscript B showed that the medieval copies descend from the ancient Hebrew rather than from a translation back from Greek or Syriac.

Here the book is shown in Brenton's Greek and English. The Hebrew column is the Kahana edition, as transcribed on Hebrew Wikisource and distributed by Sefaria (CC BY-SA): a running text built on the Genizah manuscripts, in which words in [brackets] are Kahana's restorations; chapters with no surviving Hebrew are empty. Kahana numbers the verses in the Hebrew order — in the Greek, two blocks of chapters 30–36 are transposed — so his verses have been matched to Brenton's by content for this site, with his own number shown as “Heb.” where it differs. The scrolls column has the three ancient witnesses; the Masada text is Eric Reymond's transcription from bensira.org. Their placement was made for this site by matching the text; there is no Masoretic text to compare them with, so no variants are marked.

Psalm 151

The Septuagint Psalter ends with a short psalm “outside the number”, in which David recalls tending his father's sheep, his anointing and his victory over Goliath. It belongs to the Greek, Syriac and Ethiopic Bibles but not to the Hebrew one, and was long thought to have been composed in Greek — until the Psalms Scroll from Qumran Cave 11 (11QPsa, published by James Sanders in 1965) turned out to contain a longer Hebrew original in its 28th column, as two poems (151A on David's music and anointing, 151B, broken off, on Goliath). The Greek is a condensed translation of them. The psalm is shown as chapter 151 of Psalms, with the scroll's lines under the Greek verses they correspond to.

Tobit

A Jewish novella of the Eastern diaspora (probably 3rd–2nd century BCE): the pious exile Tobit, blinded in Nineveh, sends his son Tobias to recover money in Media, guided by the angel Raphael in disguise; on the way Tobias marries Sarah and drives off the demon Asmodeus. It is in the Septuagint and the Catholic and Orthodox canons. It survives in two Greek forms — a shorter one (Codices Vaticanus and Alexandrinus, printed by Brenton) and a longer one (Codex Sinaiticus) — and the Qumran copies, four in Aramaic (4Q196–199) and one in Hebrew (4Q200), published by Joseph Fitzmyer in 1995, side with the longer form, which is now generally taken as nearer the original. Their verse placement here follows Fitzmyer's identifications.

1 Enoch

A collection of five works ascribed to Enoch, the seventh from Adam who “walked with God” (Gen 5:24): the Book of the Watchers (ch. 1–36, 3rd century BCE), on the angels who descended to the daughters of men; the Parables (37–71); the Astronomical Book (72–82); the Dream Visions (83–90), with the “Animal Apocalypse” of Israel's history; and the Epistle of Enoch (91–108). It is quoted in the Letter of Jude (1:14–15) and is canonical in the Ethiopian Orthodox Church, whose Ge'ez version is the only complete text; Greek survives for about a third. Józef Milik published the Aramaic fragments from Qumran Cave 4 in 1976: eleven copies, covering every part except the Parables, the oldest from around 200 BCE. The English is R. H. Charles's 1917 translation from the Ethiopic (public domain). The Astronomical scrolls (4Q208–211) contain a much longer calendar than the Ethiopic; only their few passages that match chapters 76–82 are placed.

Jubilees

A retelling of Genesis and Exodus 1–14 as revealed to Moses on Sinai by an “angel of the presence”, dated by a calendar of 49-year jubilees and a 364-day solar year (mid-2nd century BCE). Like 1 Enoch it is canonical only in the Ethiopian church, whose Ge'ez version is the only complete text; parts survive in Latin, Syriac and Greek quotations. Fragments of about fifteen Hebrew copies were found at Qumran, more than of most biblical books, and are published in DJD 13 (VanderKam and Milik, 1994) and DJD 23. The English is R. H. Charles's 1917 translation (public domain).

Lexicon and concordance data

Hebrew words carry the analysis of STEPBible's Translators Amalgamated Hebrew OT (Tyndale House, Cambridge): extended Strong's numbers — James Strong's 1890 numbering, subdivided to follow the Brown–Driver–Briggs lexicon (1906) — with morphology from the ETCBC and an abridged BDB for definitions. Samaritan and scroll words take the analysis of the Masoretic word they correspond to, or, where they differ, of the same written form elsewhere in the Masoretic text. Greek words are matched through the Swete Septuagint and the Morpheus parser to STEPBible's Greek lexicon, which draws on Abbott-Smith (1922) and Liddell–Scott–Jones.

† Licensed for non-commercial use only. Full credits and licences: Credits and licences.