Textorah

Joshua 13

1
וִיהוֹשֻׁעַ זָקֵן בָּא בַּיָּמִים וַיֹּאמֶר יְהוָה אֵלָיו אַתָּה זָקַנְתָּה בָּאתָ בַיָּמִים וְהָאָרֶץ נִשְׁאֲרָה הַרְבֵּה־מְאֹד לְרִשְׁתָּהּ
Now Joshua was old and well stricken in years; and HaShem said unto him: 'Thou art old and well stricken in years, and there remaineth yet very much land to be possessed.
Καὶ Ἰησοῦς πρεσβύτερος προβεβηκὼς τῶν ἡμερῶν· καὶ εἶπε Κύριος πρὸς Ἰησοῦν, σὺ προβέβηκας τῶν ἡμερῶν, καὶ ἡ γῆ ὑπολέλειπται πολλὴ εἰς κληρονομίαν.
And Joshua [was] old and very advanced in years; and the Lord said to Joshua, Thou art advanced in years, and there is much land left to inherit.
2
זֹאת הָאָרֶץ הַנִּשְׁאָרֶת כָּל־גְּלִילוֹת הַפְּלִשְׁתִּים וְכָל־הַגְּשׁוּרִי
This is the land that yet remaineth: all the regions of the Philistines, and all the Geshurites;
Καὶ αὕτη ἡ γῆ καταλελειμμένη· ὅρια Φυλιστιεὶμ, ὁ Γεσιρὶ, καὶ ὁ Χαναναῖος,
And this [is] the land that is left: the borders of the Philistines, the Geshurite, and the Canaanite,
3
מִן־הַשִּׁיחוֹר אֲשֶׁר עַל־פְּנֵי מִצְרַיִם וְעַד גְּבוּל עֶקְרוֹן צָפוֹנָה לַכְּנַעֲנִי תֵּחָשֵׁב חֲמֵשֶׁת סַרְנֵי פְלִשְׁתִּים הָעַזָּתִי וְהָאַשְׁדּוֹדִי הָאֶשְׁקְלוֹנִי הַגִּתִּי וְהָעֶקְרוֹנִי וְהָעַוִּים
from the Shihor, which is before Egypt, even unto the border of Ekron northward--which is counted to the Canaanites; the five lords of the Philistines: the Gazite, and the Ashdodite, the Ashkelonite, the Gittite, and the Ekronite; also the Avvim
ἀπὸ τῆς ἀοικήτου τῆς κατὰ πρόσωπον Αἰγύπτου ἕως τῶν ὁρίων Ἀκκαρὼν ἐξ εὐωνύμων τῶν Χαναναίων προσλογίζεται ταῖς πέντε σατραπείαις τῶν Φυλιστιείμ, τῷ Γαζαίῳ, καὶ τῷ Ἀζωτίῳ, καὶ τῷ Ἀσκαλωνίτῃ, καὶ τῷ Γετθαίῳ, καὶ τῷ Ἀκκαρωνίτῃ, καὶ τῷ Εὐαίῳ,
from the wilderness before Egypt, as far as the borders of Ekron on the left of the Canaanites [the land] is reckoned to the five principalities of the Philistines, to the inhabitant of Gaza, and of Ashdod, and of Ashkelon, and of Gath, and of Ekron, and to the Avvim;
4
מִתֵּימָן כָּל־אֶרֶץ הַכְּנַעֲנִי וּמְעָרָה אֲשֶׁר לַצִּידֹנִים עַד־אֲפֵקָה עַד גְּבוּל הָאֱמֹרִי
on the south; all the land of the Canaanites, and Mearah that belongeth to the Zidonians, unto Aphek, to the border of the Amorites;
ἐκ Θαιμὰν καὶ πάσῃ γῇ Χαναὰν ἐναντίον Γάζης, καὶ οἱ Σιδώνιοι ἕως Ἀφὲκ, ἕως τῶν ὁρίων τῶν Ἀμοῤῥαίων,
from Thaeman even to all the land of Canaan before Gaza, and the Sidonians as far as Aphek, as far as the borders of the Amorites.
5
וְהָאָרֶץ הַגִּבְלִי וְכָל־הַלְּבָנוֹן מִזְרַח הַשֶּׁמֶשׁ מִבַּעַל גָּד תַּחַת הַר־חֶרְמוֹן עַד לְבוֹא חֲמָת
and the land of the Gebalites, and all Lebanon, toward the sunrising, from Baal-gad under mount Hermon unto the entrance of Hamath;
καὶ πᾶσαν τὴν γῆν Γαλιὰθ Φυλιστιεὶμ, καὶ πάντα τὸν Λίβανον ἀπὸ ἀνατολῶν ἡλίου ἀπὸ Γαλγὰλ ὑπὸ τὸ ὄρος τὸ Ἀερμὼν ἕως τῆς εἰσόδου Ἐμὰθ,
And all the land of Galiath of the Philistines, and all Lebanon eastward from Baal-gad, under the mountain Hermon as far as the entering in of Hamath;
6
כָּל־יֹשְׁבֵי הָהָר מִן־הַלְּבָנוֹן עַד־מִשְׂרְפֹת מַיִם כָּל־צִידֹנִים אָנֹכִי אוֹרִישֵׁם מִפְּנֵי בְּנֵי יִשְׂרָאֵל רַק הַפִּלֶהָ לְיִשְׂרָאֵל בְּנַחֲלָה כַּאֲשֶׁר צִוִּיתִיךָ
all the inhabitants of the hill-country from Lebanon unto Misrephoth-maim, even all the Zidonians; them will I drive out from before the children of Israel; only allot thou it unto Israel for an inheritance, as I have commanded thee.
πᾶς ὁ κατοικῶν τὴν ὀρεινὴν ἀπὸ τοῦ Λιβάνου ἕως τῆς Μασερὲθ Μεμφωμαὶμ. Πάντας τοὺς Σιδωνίους, ἐγὼ αὐτοὺς ἐξολοθρεύσω ἀπὸ προσώπου Ἰσραήλ· ἀλλὰ διάδος αὐτὴν ἐν κλήρῳ τῷ Ἰσραὴλ, ὃν τρόπον σοὶ ἐνετειλάμην.
everyone that inhabits the hill country from Lebanon as far as Misrephoth-maim. All the Sidonians, I will destroy them from before Israel; but do thou give them by inheritance to Israel, as I charged thee.
7
וְעַתָּה חַלֵּק אֶת־הָאָרֶץ הַזֹּאת בְּנַחֲלָה לְתִשְׁעַת הַשְּׁבָטִים וַחֲצִי הַשֵּׁבֶט הַמְנַשֶּׁה
Now therefore divide this land for an inheritance unto the nine tribes, and the half-tribe of Manasseh.'
Καὶ νῦν μέρισον τὴν γῆν ταύτην ἐν κληρονομίᾳ ταῖς ἐννέα φυλαῖς, καὶ τῷ ἡμίσει φυλῆς Μανασσή. Ἀπὸ τοῦ Ἰορδάνου ἕως τῆς θαλάσσης τῆς μεγάλης κατὰ δυσμὰς ἡλίου δώσεις αὐτήν· ἡ θάλασσα ἡ μεγάλη ὁριεῖ.
And now divide this land by lot to the nine tribes, and to the half tribe of Manasseh.
8
עִמּוֹ הָראוּבֵנִי וְהַגָּדִי לָקְחוּ נַחֲלָתָם אֲשֶׁר נָתַן לָהֶם מֹשֶׁה בְּעֵבֶר הַיַּרְדֵּן מִזְרָחָה כַּאֲשֶׁר נָתַן לָהֶם מֹשֶׁה עֶבֶד יְהוָה
With him the Reubenites and the Gadites received their inheritance, which Moses gave them, beyond the Jordan eastward, even as Moses the servant of HaShem gave them;
ταῖς δυσὶ φυλαῖς, καὶ τῷ ἡμίσει φυλῆς Μανασσή, τῷ Ῥουβὴν, καὶ τῷ Γὰδ ἔδωκε Μωυσῆς ἐν τῷ πέραν τοῦ Ἰορδάνου· κατʼ ἀνατολὰς ἡλίου δέδωκεν αὐτῷ Μωυσῆς ὁ παῖς Κυρίου,
From Jordan to the great sea westward thou shalt give it [them]: the great sea shall be the boundary. [But] to the two tribes and to the half tribe of Manasseh, to Reuben and to Gad Moses gave [an inheritance] beyond Jordan: Moses the servant of the Lord gave [it] to them eastward,
9
מֵעֲרוֹעֵר אֲשֶׁר עַל־שְׂפַת־נַחַל אַרְנוֹן וְהָעִיר אֲשֶׁר בְּתוֹךְ־הַנַּחַל וְכָל־הַמִּישֹׁר מֵידְבָא עַד־דִּיבוֹן
from Aroer, that is on the edge of the valley of Arnon, and the city that is in the middle of the valley, and all the table-land from Medeba unto Dibon;
ἀπὸ Ἀροὴρ, ἥ ἐστιν ἐπὶ τοῦ χείλους χειμάῤῥου Ἀρνών, καὶ τὴν πόλιν τὴν ἐν μέσῳ τῆς φάραγγος, καὶ πᾶσαν τὴν Μισὼρ ἀπὸ Μαιδαβάν·
from Aroer, which is on the bank of the brook of Arnon, and the city in the midst of the valley, and all Misor from Medeba.
10
וְכֹל עָרֵי סִיחוֹן מֶלֶךְ הָאֱמֹרִי אֲשֶׁר מָלַךְ בְּחֶשְׁבּוֹן עַד־גְּבוּל בְּנֵי עַמּוֹן
and all the cities of Sihon king of the Amorites, who reigned in Heshbon, unto the border of the children of Ammon;
Πάσας τὰς πόλεις Σηὼν βασιλέως Ἀμοῤῥαίων, ὃς ἐβασίλευσεν ἐν Ἐσεβὼν ἕως τῶν ὁρίων υἱῶν Ἀμμῶν·
All the cities of Sihon king of the Amorites, who reigned from Heshbon to the coasts of the children of Ammon;
11
וְהַגִּלְעָד וּגְבוּל הַגְּשׁוּרִי וְהַמַּעֲכָתִי וְכֹל הַר חֶרְמוֹן וְכָל־הַבָּשָׁן עַד־סַלְכָה
and Gilead, and the border of the Geshurites and Maacathites, and all mount Hermon, and all Bashan unto Salcah;
Καὶ τὴν Γαλααδίτιδα, καὶ τὰ ὅρια Γεσιρὶ, καὶ τοὺς Μαχατὶ, πᾶν ὄρος Ἀερμὼν, καὶ πᾶσαν τὴν Βασανίτιν ἕως Ἀχά·
and the region of Gilead, and the borders of the Geshurites and the Maacathites, the whole mount of Hermon, and all the land of Bashan to Salecah.
12
כָּל־מַמְלְכוּת עוֹג בַּבָּשָׁן אֲשֶׁר־מָלַךְ בְּעַשְׁתָּרוֹת וּבְאֶדְרֶעִי הוּא נִשְׁאַר מִיֶּתֶר הָרְפָאִים וַיַּכֵּם מֹשֶׁה וַיֹּרִשֵׁם
all the kingdom of Og in Bashan, who reigned in Ashtaroth and in Edrei--the same was left of the remnant of the Rephaim-- for these did Moses smite, and drove them out.
Πᾶσαν τὴν βασιλείαν Ὢγ ἐν τῇ Βασανίτιδι, ὃς ἐβασίλευσεν ἐν Ἀσταρὼθ καὶ ἐν Ἐδραΐν· οὗτος κατελείφθη ἀπὸ τῶν γιγάντων, καὶ ἐπάταξεν αὐτὸν Μωυσῆς, καὶ ἐξωλόθρευσε.
All the kingdom of Og in the region of Bashan, who reigned in Ashtaroth and in Edrei: he was left of the giants; and Moses smote him, and destroyed him.
13
וְלֹא הוֹרִישׁוּ בְּנֵי יִשְׂרָאֵל אֶת־הַגְּשׁוּרִי וְאֶת־הַמַּעֲכָתִי וַיֵּשֶׁב גְּשׁוּר וּמַעֲכָת בְּקֶרֶב יִשְׂרָאֵל עַד הַיּוֹם הַזֶּה
Nevertheless the children of Israel drove not out the Geshurites, nor the Maacathites; but Geshur and Maacath dwelt in the midst of Israel unto this day.
Καὶ οὐκ ἐξωλόθρευσαν οἱ υἱοὶ Ἰσραὴλ τὸν Γεσιρὶ, καὶ τὸν Μαχατὶ, καὶ τὸν Χαναναῖον· καὶ κατῷκει βασιλεὺς Γεσιρὶ καὶ ὁ Μαχατὶ ἐν τοῖς υἱοῖς Ἰσραὴλ ἕως τῆς σήμερον ἡμέρας.
But the children of Israel destroyed not the Geshurite and the Maacathite and the Canaanite; and the king of the Geshurite and the Maacathite dwelt among the children of Israel until this day.
14
רַק לְשֵׁבֶט הַלֵּוִי לֹא נָתַן נַחֲלָה אִשֵּׁי יְהוָה אֱלֹהֵי יִשְׂרָאֵל הוּא נַחֲלָתוֹ כַּאֲשֶׁר דִּבֶּר־לוֹ
Only unto the tribe of Levi he gave no inheritance; the offerings of HaShem, the G-d of Israel, made by fire are his inheritance, as He spoke unto him.
Πλὴν τῆς φυλῆς Λευὶ οὐκ ἐδόθη κληρονομία· Κύριος ὁ Θεὸς Ἰσραὴλ, οὗτος κληρονομία αὐτῶν, καθὰ εἶπεν αὐτοῖς Κύριος· καὶ οὗτος ὁ καταμερισμὸς, ὃν κατεμέρισε Μωυσῆς τοῖς υἱοῖς Ἰσραὴλ ἐν Ἀραβὼθ Μωὰβ ἐν τῷ πέραν τοῦ Ἰορδάνου κατὰ Ἱεριχώ.
Only no inheritance was given to the tribe of Levi: the Lord God of Israel, he [is] their inheritance, as the Lord said to them; and this [is] the division which Moses made to the children of Israel in Araboth Moab, on the other side of Jordan, by Jericho.
15
וַיִּתֵּן מֹשֶׁה לְמַטֵּה בְנֵי־רְאוּבֵן לְמִשְׁפְּחֹתָם
And Moses gave unto the tribe of the children of Reuben according to their families.
Καὶ ἔδωκε Μωυσῆς τῇ φυλῇ Ῥουβὴν κατὰ δήμους αὐτῶν.
And Moses gave the land to the tribe of Reuben according to their families.
16
וַיְהִי לָהֶם הַגְּבוּל מֵעֲרוֹעֵר אֲשֶׁר עַל־שְׂפַת־נַחַל אַרְנוֹן וְהָעִיר אֲשֶׁר בְּתוֹךְ־הַנַּחַל וְכָל־הַמִּישֹׁר עַל־מֵידְבָא
And their border was from Aroer, that is on the edge of the valley of Arnon, and the city that is in the middle of the valley, and all the table-land by Medeba;
Καὶ ἐγενήθη αὐτῶν τὰ ὅρια ἀπὸ Ἀροὴρ, ἥ ἐστι κατὰ πρόσωπον φάραγγος Ἀρνῶν, καὶ ἡ πόλις ἡ ἐν τῇ φάραγγι Ἀρνῶν· καὶ πᾶσαν τὴν Μισὼρ,
And their borders were from Aroer, which is opposite the brook of Arnon, and [theirs is] the city that is in the Valley of Arnon; and all Misor,
17
חֶשְׁבּוֹן וְכָל־עָרֶיהָ אֲשֶׁר בַּמִּישֹׁר דִּיבוֹן וּבָמוֹת בַּעַל וּבֵית בַּעַל מְעוֹן
Heshbon, and all her cities that are in the table-land; Dibon, and Bamoth-baal, and Beth-baal-meon;
ἕως Ἐσεβὼν, καὶ πάσας τὰς πόλεις τὰς οὔσας ἐν τῇ Μισὼρ, καὶ Δαιβὼν, καὶ Βαιμὼν Βαὰλ, καὶ οἴκου Μεελβὼθ,
to Heshbon, and all the cities in Misor, and Dibon, and Bamoth-baal, and the house of Baal-meon;
18
וְיַהְצָה וּקְדֵמֹת וּמֵפָעַת
and Jahaz, and Kedemoth, and Mephaath;
καὶ Βασὰν, καὶ Βακεδμὼθ, καὶ Μαιφαὰδ, καὶ, Καριθαὶμ,
and Bashan, and Kedemoth, and Mephaath,
19
וְקִרְיָתַיִם וְשִׂבְמָה וְצֶרֶת הַשַּׁחַר בְּהַר הָעֵמֶק
and Kiriathaim, and Sibmah, and Zerethshahar in the mount of the valley;
καὶ Σεβαμὰ, καὶ Σεραδὰ, καὶ Σιὼν ἐν τῷ ὄρει Ἐνὰβ,
and Kiriathaim, and Sibmah, and Zereth, and Sion in Mount Enab;
20
וּבֵית פְּעוֹר וְאַשְׁדּוֹת הַפִּסְגָּה וּבֵית הַיְשִׁמוֹת
and Beth-peor, and the slopes of Pisgah, and Beth-jeshimoth;
καὶ Βαιθφογὼρ, καὶ Ἀσηδὼθ Φασγὰ, καὶ Βαιτθασεινὼθ,
and Beth-peor, and Asedoth Pisgah, and Beth-jeshimoth,
21
וְכֹל עָרֵי הַמִּישֹׁר וְכָל־מַמְלְכוּת סִיחוֹן מֶלֶךְ הָאֱמֹרִי אֲשֶׁר מָלַךְ בְּחֶשְׁבּוֹן אֲשֶׁר הִכָּה מֹשֶׁה אֹתוֹ וְאֶת־נְשִׂיאֵי מִדְיָן אֶת־אֱוִי וְאֶת־רֶקֶם וְאֶת־צוּר וְאֶת־חוּר וְאֶת־רֶבַע נְסִיכֵי סִיחוֹן יֹשְׁבֵי הָאָרֶץ
and all the cities of the table-land, and all the kingdom of Sihon king of the Amorites, who reigned in Heshbon, whom Moses smote with the chiefs of Midian, Evi, and Rekem, and Zur, and Hur, and Reba, the princes of Sihon, that dwelt in the land.
καὶ πάσας τὰς πόλεις τοῦ Μισὼρ, καὶ πᾶσαν τὴν βασιλείαν τοῦ Σηὼν βασιλέως τῶν Ἀμοῤῥαίων, ὃν ἐπάταξε Μωυσῆς αὐτὸν καὶ τοὺς ἡγουμένους Μαδιὰμ, καὶ τὸν Εὐὶ, καὶ τὸν Ῥοβὸκ, καὶ τὸν Σοὺρ, καὶ τὸν Οὒρ, καὶ τὸν Ῥοβὲ ἄρχοντα ἔναρα Σιὼν, καὶ τοὺς κατοικοῦντας Σιών.
and all the cities of Misor, and all the kingdom of Sihon king of the Amorites, whom Moses smote, even him and the princes of Midian, and Evi, and Rekem, and Zur, and Hur, and Reba prince of the spoils of Sihon, and the inhabitants of Sihon.
22
וְאֶת־בִּלְעָם בֶּן־בְּעוֹר הַקּוֹסֵם הָרְגוּ בְנֵי־יִשְׂרָאֵל בַּחֶרֶב אֶל־חַלְלֵיהֶם
Balaam also the son of Beor, the soothsayer, did the children of Israel slay with the sword among the rest of their slain.
Καὶ τὸν Βαλαὰμ τὸν τοῦ Βαιὼρ τὸν μάντιν ἀπέκτειναν ἐν τῇ ῥοπῇ.
And Balaam the son of Beor the prophet they slew in the battle.
23
וַיְהִי גְּבוּל בְּנֵי רְאוּבֵן הַיַּרְדֵּן וּגְבוּל זֹאת נַחֲלַת בְּנֵי־רְאוּבֵן לְמִשְׁפְּחֹתָם הֶעָרִים וְחַצְרֵיהֶן
And as for the border of the children of Reuben, the Jordan was their border. This was the inheritance of the children of Reuben according to their families, the cities and the villages thereof.
Ἐγένετο δὲ τὰ ὅρια Ῥουβὴν, Ἰορδάνης ὅριον· αὑτη ἡ κληρονομία υἱῶν Ῥουβὴν κατὰ δήμους αὐτῶν, αἱ πόλεις αὐτῶν καὶ αἱ ἐπαύλεις αὐτῶν.
And the borders of Reuben were—[even] Jordan [was the] boundary; this [is] the inheritance of the children of Reuben according to their families, [these were] their cities and their villages.
24
וַיִּתֵּן מֹשֶׁה לְמַטֵּה־גָד לִבְנֵי־גָד לְמִשְׁפְּחֹתָם
And Moses gave unto the tribe of Gad, unto the children of Gad, according to their families.
Ἔδωκε δὲ Μωυσῆς τοῖς υἱοῖς Γὰδ κατὰ δήμους αὐτῶν.
And Moses gave inheritance to the sons of Gad according to their families.
25
וַיְהִי לָהֶם הַגְּבוּל יַעְזֵר וְכָל־עָרֵי הַגִּלְעָד וַחֲצִי אֶרֶץ בְּנֵי עַמּוֹן עַד־עֲרוֹעֵר אֲשֶׁר עַל־פְּנֵי רַבָּה
And their border was Jazer, and all the cities of Gilead, and half the land of the children of Ammon, unto Aroer that is before Rabbah;
Καὶ ἐγένετο τὰ ὅρια αὐτῶν Ἰαζήρ· πᾶσαι πόλεις Γαλαὰδ, καὶ τὸ ἥμισυ γῆς υἱῶν Ἀμμῶν ἕως Ἄραβα, ἥ ἐστι κατὰ προσωπον Ἀράδ.
And their borders were Jazer, all the cities of Gilead, and half the land of the children of Ammon to Aroer, which is before Arad.
26
וּמֵחֶשְׁבּוֹן עַד־רָמַת הַמִּצְפֶּה וּבְטֹנִים וּמִמַּחֲנַיִם עַד־גְּבוּל לִדְבִר
and from Heshbon unto Ramath-mizpeh, and Betonim; and from Mahanaim unto the border of Lidbir;
Καὶ ἀπὸ Ἐσεβὼν ἕως Ἀραβὼθ κατὰ τὴν Μασσηφὰ, καὶ Βοτανὶμ, καὶ Μαὰν ἕως τῶν ὁρίων Δαιβὼν,
And from Heshbon to Araboth by Mizpeh, and Betonim, and Mahanaim to the borders of Debir,
27
וּבָעֵמֶק בֵּית הָרָם וּבֵית נִמְרָה וְסֻכּוֹת וְצָפוֹן יֶתֶר מַמְלְכוּת סִיחוֹן מֶלֶךְ חֶשְׁבּוֹן הַיַּרְדֵּן וּגְבֻל עַד־קְצֵה יָם־כִּנֶּרֶת עֵבֶר הַיַּרְדֵּן מִזְרָחָה
and in the valley, Beth-haram, and Beth-nimrah, and Succoth, and Zaphon, the rest of the kingdom of Sihon king of Heshbon, the Jordan being the border thereof, unto the uttermost part of the sea of Chinnereth beyond the Jordan eastward.
καὶ Ἐναδὼμ καὶ Ὀθαργαῒ καὶ Βαινθαναβρὰ καὶ Σοκχωθὰ καὶ Σαφὰν καὶ τὴν λοιπὴν βασιλείαν Σηὼν βασιλέως Ἐσεβών· καὶ ὁ Ἰορδάνης ὁριεῖ ἕως μέρους τῆς θαλάσσης Χενερὲθ πέραν τοῦ Ἰορδάνου ἀπʼ ἀνατολῶν.
and Enadom, and Beth-haram, and Beth-nimrah, and Succoth, and Zaphon, and the rest of the kingdom of Sihon king of Heshbon: and Jordan shall be the boundary as far as part of the Sea of Chinnereth beyond Jordan eastward.
28
זֹאת נַחֲלַת בְּנֵי־גָד לְמִשְׁפְּחֹתָם הֶעָרִים וְחַצְרֵיהֶם
This is the inheritance of the children of Gad according to their families, the cities and the villages thereof.
Αὕτη ἡ κληρονομία υἱῶν Γὰδ κατὰ δήμους αὐτῶν καὶ κατὰ πόλεις αὐτῶν· κατὰ δήμους αὐτῶν αὐχένα ἐπιστρέψουσιν ἐναντίον τῶν ἐχθρῶν αὐτῶν, ὅτι ἐγενήθη κατὰ δήμους αὐτῶν αἱ πόλεις αὐτῶν, καὶ αἱ ἐπαύλεις αὐτῶν.
This [is] the inheritance of the children of Gad according to their families and according to their cities: according to their families they will turn their backs before their enemies, because their cities and their villages were according to their families.
29
וַיִּתֵּן מֹשֶׁה לַחֲצִי שֵׁבֶט מְנַשֶּׁה וַיְהִי לַחֲצִי מַטֵּה בְנֵי־מְנַשֶּׁה לְמִשְׁפְּחוֹתָם
And Moses gave inheritance unto the half-tribe of Manasseh; and it was for the half-tribe of the children of Manasseh according to their families.
Καὶ ἔδωκε Μωυσῆς τῷ ἡμίσει φυλῆς Μανασσῆ κατὰ δήμους αὐτῶν.
And Moses gave to half the tribe of Manasseh according to their families.
30
וַיְהִי גְבוּלָם מִמַּחֲנַיִם כָּל־הַבָּשָׁן כָּל־מַמְלְכוּת עוֹג מֶלֶךְ־הַבָּשָׁן וְכָל־חַוֺּת יָאִיר אֲשֶׁר בַּבָּשָׁן שִׁשִּׁים עִיר
And their border was from Mahanaim, all Bashan, all the kingdom of Og king of Bashan, and all the villages of Jair, which are in Bashan, threescore cities;
Καὶ ἐγένετο τὰ ὅρια αὐτῶν ἀπὸ Μαὰν, καὶ πᾶσα βασιλεία Βασὰν, καὶ πᾶσα βασιλεία Ὢγ βασιλέως τῆς Βασὰν, καὶ πάσας τὰς κώμας Ἰαῒρ, αἵ εἰσιν ἐν τῇ Βασανίτιδι, ἑξήκοντα πόλεις.
And their borders were from Mahanaim, and all the kingdom of Bashan, and all the kingdom of Og king of Bashan, and all the villages of Jair, which are in the region of Bashan, sixty cities:
31
וַחֲצִי הַגִּלְעָד וְעַשְׁתָּרוֹת וְאֶדְרֶעִי עָרֵי מַמְלְכוּת עוֹג בַּבָּשָׁן לִבְנֵי מָכִיר בֶּן־מְנַשֶּׁה לַחֲצִי בְנֵי־מָכִיר לְמִשְׁפְּחוֹתָם
and half Gilead, and Ashtaroth, and Edrei, the cities of the kingdom of Og in Bashan, were for the children of Machir the son of Manasseh, even for the half of the children of Machir according to their families.
Καὶ τὸ ἥμισυ τῆς Γαλαάδ· καὶ ἐν Ἀσταρὼθ, καὶ ἐν Ἐδραῒν πόλεις βασιλείας Ὢγ ἐν τῇ Βασανίτιδι, τοῖς υἱοῖς Μαχὶρ υἱοῖς Μανασσῆ, καὶ τοῖς ἡμίσεσιν υἱοις Μαχὶρ υἱοῖς Μανασσῆ, κατὰ δήμους αὐτῶν.
and the half of Gilead, and in Ashtaroth, and in Edrei, royal cities of Og in the land of Bashan, [Moses gave] to the sons of Machir the sons of Manasseh, even to the half-tribe sons of Machir the sons of Manasseh, according to their families.
32
אֵלֶּה אֲשֶׁר־נִחַל מֹשֶׁה בְּעַרְבוֹת מוֹאָב מֵעֵבֶר לְיַרְדֵּן יְרִיחוֹ מִזְרָחָה
These are the inheritances which Moses distributed in the plains of Moab, beyond the Jordan at Jericho, eastward.
Οὗτοι οὓς κατεκληρονόμησε Μωυσῆς πέραν τοῦ Ἰορδάνου ἐν Ἀραβὼθ Μωὰβ ἐν τῷ πέραν τοῦ Ἰορδάνου τοῦ κατὰ Ἱεριχὼ ἀπʼ ἀνατολῶν.
These [are] they whom Moses caused to inherit beyond Jordan in Araboth Moab, beyond Jordan by Jericho eastward.
33
וּלְשֵׁבֶט הַלֵּוִי לֹא־נָתַן מֹשֶׁה נַחֲלָה יְהוָה אֱלֹהֵי יִשְׂרָאֵל הוּא נַחֲלָתָם כַּאֲשֶׁר דִּבֶּר לָהֶם
But unto the tribe of Levi Moses gave no inheritance; HaShem, the G-d of Israel, is their inheritance, as He spoke unto them.

How it works

A parallel reader for the Hebrew Bible and its oldest witnesses: the Masoretic text, the Samaritan Pentateuch, the Dead Sea Scrolls and the Septuagint, each with an English translation where one is available.

Reading a chapter

Choose a book and chapter at the top, or type a reference into Go to (Isa 53:11, 1 Sam 3, sam 3:4, ii kgs 2, ben sira 51). Book names can be abbreviated; a name shared by numbered books (sam, kings, chr, macc) opens the first of them unless you add the number. The arrow keys move between chapters, and the address bar keeps a link to the verse you clicked, so you can bookmark or share a place.

Each row is one verse. Rows follow the Masoretic verse numbering, so the Hebrew, JPS and Samaritan columns line up exactly. The Septuagint is numbered differently in many places (Psalms, Jeremiah, Exodus 35–40, parts of Kings, Proverbs, Daniel, and dozens of chapter boundaries). Its verses are placed against their Masoretic counterparts, and a small tag such as 50:3 shows the Septuagint's own number when it differs. Greek verses that have no Masoretic counterpart (for example the Prayer of Azariah in Daniel 3) appear in reading order as separate rows marked LXX.

Columns

The chips at the top switch columns on and off. Drag a chip (or a column heading) to reorder; with a chip focused, the ← → keys move it. Your choice is remembered. The Samaritan columns appear only in Genesis–Deuteronomy; the scrolls column appears wherever a manuscript survives, including Ben Sira. Columns marked † are licensed for non-commercial use only.

Words: lexicon and concordance

Hover over any Hebrew word (Masoretic, Samaritan or scroll) or any Greek word to see its dictionary form, Strong's number, a short gloss and its grammar. Click the word to open the concordance on the right: the full lexicon entry, then every occurrence, grouped by book — for Hebrew, separately for the Masoretic text, the Samaritan Pentateuch and the scrolls (with the manuscript named). Click a reference to go there; every form of the word in the chapter is highlighted. You can also type a word or a Strong's number into Lexicon at the top.

In the Masoretic text, a Ketiv (the written form, unpointed) is shown in grey immediately before its Qere (the form read aloud); both carry the Qere's dictionary entry.

Variants

The Samaritan Pentateuch and every scroll are compared word by word with the Masoretic text of the same verse:

In the scrolls, letters in brackets are a modern editor's reconstruction and are never counted as variants; letters with a dotted overline are uncertain; ◦ is a trace of an unreadable letter. Manuscripts written in paleo-Hebrew script, and divine names that square-script scrolls write in paleo-Hebrew, are shown in paleo-Hebrew letters (switchable under Display). Hover a manuscript to see its edition. Display → Dead Sea Scrolls can hide the manuscripts that agree with the Masoretic text, or strip the reconstructions to show only what survives.

The comparison is automatic. It aligns words by spelling, so a transposition or a long rewritten passage can be marked imperfectly, and the spelling rule cannot tell a suffix from a vowel letter. Treat the colours as a finding aid and check a critical edition before building an argument on a reading.

Books outside the Hebrew Bible

Besides the Septuagint-only books, the book list has 1 Enoch and Jubilees (“Other ancient books”), shown in R. H. Charles's English with the Qumran copies beside them, and Psalms has a chapter 151. Their scroll copies — like those of Tobit and Ben Sira — have no verse numbers in the data: each fragment is placed by its published identification, and its lines are spread over those verses, so treat the exact verse boundaries as approximate. Aramaic copies (Tobit 4Q196–199 and all of Enoch) are marked “Aramaic” and have no word lookups.

Rabbinic citations

The small ❝ under a verse number opens the passages of rabbinic literature that cite that verse — Mishnah, Tosefta, both Talmuds, Midrash, Targum and Kabbalah (and, if you tick the box, later halakhah, liturgy and thought) — fetched live from Sefaria, so it needs an internet connection. Each passage is listed with Sefaria's date for the work it comes from and a link to read it there. Sefaria's links include allusions and discussions as well as quotations; those it classes as quotations are marked. It works for the Hebrew Bible, Ben Sira (by Kahana's numbering, e.g. the Talmud's quotations of Ben Sira), Tobit and Jubilees. For 1 Enoch, which the rabbis do not quote, it lists instead the Zohar's passages about a “Book of Enoch”.

How the Septuagint is aligned

Each Greek verse is placed by combining three things: the standard table of Septuagint–Masoretic verse correspondences (SIL's lxx.vrs), the table of Masoretic–English numbering differences, and a comparison of the English of Brenton's Septuagint with the JPS English, which confirms each pairing and catches displaced verses. Where no Masoretic verse is similar enough, the Greek verse stands on its own row.

The Greek word data

No openly licensed word-by-word analysis of Brenton's Greek exists, so each Greek word is matched to the most frequent analysis of the same form in the openly licensed Swete Septuagint (Morpheus parser), then to a lexicon entry. About 95% of words are identified. Parses of ambiguous forms (e.g. αὐτοῦ, τοῦ) can be wrong; the card says "automatic parse" as a reminder.

About the texts

What each column is, where it comes from, and what to keep in mind when reading it.

Masoretic Text — Westminster Leningrad Codex

The Masoretic text is the Hebrew Bible as transmitted by the Masoretes, scribal scholars active in Tiberias and elsewhere roughly from the 7th to the 10th century, who fixed its vowel points, accents and marginal notes (the Masorah) around a consonantal text that was already essentially stable by the 1st–2nd century CE. The Leningrad Codex (St Petersburg, Firkovich I B 19 A), copied in 1008/1009 CE in the Ben Asher tradition, is the oldest complete manuscript of the Hebrew Bible; the slightly older Aleppo Codex lost most of the Torah in 1947. It is the base of the standard critical editions (BHK, BHS, BHQ).

The Westminster Leningrad Codex is the public-domain digital transcription of it maintained by the J. Alan Groves Center at Westminster Theological Seminary. In this edition a Ketiv appears as its own unpointed word before the pointed Qere.

JPS 1917 — The Holy Scriptures according to the Masoretic Text

The first English Bible translation produced by a committee of Jewish scholars for the Jewish Publication Society of America, under Max L. Margolis as editor-in-chief, published in 1917. Its language deliberately follows the cadence of the King James and Revised Versions, but its renderings follow the Masoretic text and Jewish exegetical tradition, and it keeps the Hebrew chapter and verse numbering. It is in the public domain; its successor, the New JPS (Tanakh, 1985), is not. The electronic edition used here writes the divine names as “HaShem” and “G-d”.

Septuagint — Brenton's Greek text and the Updated Brenton English

The Septuagint is the Jewish translation of the Hebrew scriptures into Greek. The Torah was translated in Alexandria in the 3rd century BCE (the Letter of Aristeas tells the legend of 72 translators under Ptolemy II); the other books followed over the next two centuries. Because it was made from Hebrew manuscripts older than the Masoretic text, it often preserves a different Hebrew text: Jeremiah is about one-seventh shorter and differently ordered (a shorter Hebrew text of this type survives at Qumran in 4QJerb,d), Job is about one-sixth shorter, and Esther and Daniel have long additions. It was the Bible of Philo, Josephus and the New Testament writers, and became the Old Testament of the Greek church, which in turn led Jewish translators (Aquila, Symmachus, Theodotion) to produce closer revisions.

Sir Lancelot C. L. Brenton published an English translation in 1844 and a Greek–English edition in 1851. His Greek is essentially the Sixtine (Roman) edition of 1587, which follows the 4th-century Codex Vaticanus. It is older and less critical than the modern editions of Rahlfs (1935) and Göttingen, which are under copyright. The English column is the Updated Brenton (Adam Boyd, 2020), Brenton's translation with modernised spelling and wording, dedicated to the public domain.

Samaritan Pentateuch †

The Torah as preserved by the Samaritan community of Mount Gerizim (Nablus), written in the Samaritan script, a descendant of the paleo-Hebrew alphabet. It differs from the Masoretic text in about 6,000 places, most of them spelling or grammar; in about 1,900 of them it agrees with the Septuagint. Some readings are distinctively Samaritan, above all the commandment to build an altar on Mount Gerizim added after the Ten Commandments (Exod 20:17; Deut 5:21) and “Gerizim” for “Ebal” in Deut 27:4. Many others — harmonising expansions that copy one passage into its parallel — are shared with “pre-Samaritan” Qumran manuscripts such as 4QpaleoExodm and 4QNumb, showing that the text type is older than the Samaritan schism.

European scholars learned of it in 1616, when Pietro della Valle brought a manuscript from Damascus; it was printed in the Paris (1645) and London (1657) Polyglots, collated by Benjamin Kennicott (1776–80) and edited critically by August von Gall (1914–18). The Hebrew here is Aleksandr Sigalov's digital text, based on Kennicott and checked against von Gall; the English is Sigalov's adaptation of the King James Version to the Samaritan readings. For modern scholarship see Abraham Tal's edition of MS Shechem 6 and Stefan Schorch's critical editio maior.

Dead Sea Scrolls and other Judean Desert manuscripts †

Between 1947 and 1956 the remains of about 950 manuscripts were found in eleven caves near Khirbet Qumran. Some 230 are biblical — every book of the Hebrew Bible except Esther is represented, from tiny fragments to the complete Great Isaiah Scroll (1QIsaa) — dating from about 250 BCE to 68 CE. They are a thousand years older than the Leningrad Codex. Most are close to the ancestor of the Masoretic text (“proto-Masoretic”), but others agree with the Septuagint (4QJerb, 4QSama in places), with the Samaritan text type, or with neither — evidence that several forms of the text circulated side by side before the Masoretic text prevailed.

Manuscripts from other sites fill out the picture: Masada (before its fall in 73/74 CE; excavated by Yigael Yadin, 1963–65) and the Bar Kokhba refuges of Wadi Murabba'at and Naḥal Ḥever (132–135 CE), whose biblical texts are already virtually identical with the Masoretic text, as well as Naḥal Ṣe'elim, Wadi Sdeir and Naḥal Arugot. The official publication is the Discoveries in the Judaean Desert series (Oxford, 1955–2010).

The transcriptions here are those of Martin G. Abegg Jr., James E. Bowley and Edward M. Cook, as converted by the Eep Talstra Centre for Bible and Computer (ETCBC). Each manuscript is labelled with its siglum (e.g. 4QIsad), its DJD number, its find-site and the column or fragment and line. Besides the biblical manuscripts, the copies of Ben Sira, Tobit, 1 Enoch, Jubilees and Psalm 151 are shown under those books. Not every manuscript is in the dataset — notably the Greek scrolls (such as the Greek Minor Prophets from Naḥal Ḥever) are absent, and the Masada Ben Sira scroll is added separately (see Ben Sira).

Ben Sira

The Wisdom of Yeshua ben Eleazar ben Sira, composed in Hebrew in Jerusalem around 190–180 BCE and translated into Greek by his grandson in Egypt after 132 BCE (his prologue explains the difficulty of rendering Hebrew into Greek). It belongs to the Septuagint and to the Catholic and Orthodox canons (Latin Ecclesiasticus) but not to the Jewish one, although the Talmud and midrash quote it. Its Hebrew text was lost to the West until 1896, when Solomon Schechter, Agnes Lewis and Margaret Gibson identified medieval copies in the Cairo Genizah; ancient Hebrew copies then emerged at Qumran and Masada.

About two-thirds of the Hebrew is now known, from six medieval Genizah manuscripts (A–F, 10th–12th century) and three ancient ones: 2QSir (2Q18; Sir 6:14–15, 20–32), the acrostic of Sir 51:13–20, 30 in the Psalms Scroll 11QPsa (columns 21–22), and the Masada scroll (Mas1h), found by Yigael Yadin in 1964 in a casemate room of the fortress and published in 1965: seven columns with Sir 39:27–44:17, copied in the early 1st century BCE, little more than a century after the author. Its agreement with Genizah manuscript B showed that the medieval copies descend from the ancient Hebrew rather than from a translation back from Greek or Syriac.

Here the book is shown in Brenton's Greek and English. The Hebrew column is the Kahana edition, as transcribed on Hebrew Wikisource and distributed by Sefaria (CC BY-SA): a running text built on the Genizah manuscripts, in which words in [brackets] are Kahana's restorations; chapters with no surviving Hebrew are empty. Kahana numbers the verses in the Hebrew order — in the Greek, two blocks of chapters 30–36 are transposed — so his verses have been matched to Brenton's by content for this site, with his own number shown as “Heb.” where it differs. The scrolls column has the three ancient witnesses; the Masada text is Eric Reymond's transcription from bensira.org. Their placement was made for this site by matching the text; there is no Masoretic text to compare them with, so no variants are marked.

Psalm 151

The Septuagint Psalter ends with a short psalm “outside the number”, in which David recalls tending his father's sheep, his anointing and his victory over Goliath. It belongs to the Greek, Syriac and Ethiopic Bibles but not to the Hebrew one, and was long thought to have been composed in Greek — until the Psalms Scroll from Qumran Cave 11 (11QPsa, published by James Sanders in 1965) turned out to contain a longer Hebrew original in its 28th column, as two poems (151A on David's music and anointing, 151B, broken off, on Goliath). The Greek is a condensed translation of them. The psalm is shown as chapter 151 of Psalms, with the scroll's lines under the Greek verses they correspond to.

Tobit

A Jewish novella of the Eastern diaspora (probably 3rd–2nd century BCE): the pious exile Tobit, blinded in Nineveh, sends his son Tobias to recover money in Media, guided by the angel Raphael in disguise; on the way Tobias marries Sarah and drives off the demon Asmodeus. It is in the Septuagint and the Catholic and Orthodox canons. It survives in two Greek forms — a shorter one (Codices Vaticanus and Alexandrinus, printed by Brenton) and a longer one (Codex Sinaiticus) — and the Qumran copies, four in Aramaic (4Q196–199) and one in Hebrew (4Q200), published by Joseph Fitzmyer in 1995, side with the longer form, which is now generally taken as nearer the original. Their verse placement here follows Fitzmyer's identifications.

1 Enoch

A collection of five works ascribed to Enoch, the seventh from Adam who “walked with God” (Gen 5:24): the Book of the Watchers (ch. 1–36, 3rd century BCE), on the angels who descended to the daughters of men; the Parables (37–71); the Astronomical Book (72–82); the Dream Visions (83–90), with the “Animal Apocalypse” of Israel's history; and the Epistle of Enoch (91–108). It is quoted in the Letter of Jude (1:14–15) and is canonical in the Ethiopian Orthodox Church, whose Ge'ez version is the only complete text; Greek survives for about a third. Józef Milik published the Aramaic fragments from Qumran Cave 4 in 1976: eleven copies, covering every part except the Parables, the oldest from around 200 BCE. The English is R. H. Charles's 1917 translation from the Ethiopic (public domain). The Astronomical scrolls (4Q208–211) contain a much longer calendar than the Ethiopic; only their few passages that match chapters 76–82 are placed.

Jubilees

A retelling of Genesis and Exodus 1–14 as revealed to Moses on Sinai by an “angel of the presence”, dated by a calendar of 49-year jubilees and a 364-day solar year (mid-2nd century BCE). Like 1 Enoch it is canonical only in the Ethiopian church, whose Ge'ez version is the only complete text; parts survive in Latin, Syriac and Greek quotations. Fragments of about fifteen Hebrew copies were found at Qumran, more than of most biblical books, and are published in DJD 13 (VanderKam and Milik, 1994) and DJD 23. The English is R. H. Charles's 1917 translation (public domain).

Lexicon and concordance data

Hebrew words carry the analysis of STEPBible's Translators Amalgamated Hebrew OT (Tyndale House, Cambridge): extended Strong's numbers — James Strong's 1890 numbering, subdivided to follow the Brown–Driver–Briggs lexicon (1906) — with morphology from the ETCBC and an abridged BDB for definitions. Samaritan and scroll words take the analysis of the Masoretic word they correspond to, or, where they differ, of the same written form elsewhere in the Masoretic text. Greek words are matched through the Swete Septuagint and the Morpheus parser to STEPBible's Greek lexicon, which draws on Abbott-Smith (1922) and Liddell–Scott–Jones.

† Licensed for non-commercial use only. Full credits and licences: Credits and licences.