Textorah

II Samuel 22

1
וַיְדַבֵּר דָּוִד לַיהוָה אֶת־דִּבְרֵי הַשִּׁירָה הַזֹּאת בְּיוֹם הִצִּיל יְהוָה אֹתוֹ מִכַּף כָּל־אֹיְבָיו וּמִכַּף שָׁאוּל
And David spoke unto HaShem the words of this song in the day that HaShem delivered him out of the hand of all his enemies, and out of the hand of Saul;
Καὶ ἐλάλησε Δαυὶδ τῷ Κυρίῳ τοὺς λόγους τῆς ᾠδῆς ταύτης, ἐν ᾗ ἡμέρᾳ ἐξείλετο αὐτὸν Κύριος ἐκ χειρὸς πάντων τῶν ἐχθρῶν αὐτοῦ, καὶ ἐκ χειρὸς Σαούλ.
And David spoke to the Lord the words of this song, in the day in which the Lord rescued him out of the hand of all his enemies, and out of the hand of Saul.
2
וַיֹּאמַר יְהוָה סַלְעִי וּמְצֻדָתִי וּמְפַלְטִי־לִי
and he said: HaShem is my rock, and my fortress, and my deliverer;
Καὶ εἶπεν ᾠδή· Κύριε πέτρα μου, καὶ ὀχύρωμά μου, καὶ ἐξαιρούμενός με ἐμοί,
And the song was thus: O Lord, my rock, and my fortress, and my deliverer,
3
אֱלֹהֵי צוּרִי אֶחֱסֶה־בּוֹ מָגִנִּי וְקֶרֶן יִשְׁעִי מִשְׂגַּבִּי וּמְנוּסִי מֹשִׁעִי מֵחָמָס תֹּשִׁעֵנִי
The G-d who is my rock, in Him I take refuge; my shield, and my horn of salvation, my high tower, and my refuge; my saviour, Thou savest me from violence.
ὁ Θεός μου, φύλαξ μου ἔσται μοι, πεποιθὼς ἔσομαι ἐπʼ αὐτῷ· ὑπερασπιστής μου, καὶ κέρας σωτηρίας μου, ἀντιλήπτωρ μου, καὶ καταφυγή μου σωτηρίας μου, ἐξ ἀδίκου σώσεις με.
My God; he shall be to me my guard, I will trust in him: [He is] my protector, and the horn of my salvation, My helper, and my sure refuge; Thou shalt save me from the unjust man.
4
מְהֻלָּל אֶקְרָא יְהוָה וּמֵאֹיְבַי אִוָּשֵׁעַ
Praised, I cry, is HaShem, and I am saved from mine enemies.
Αἰνετὸν ἐπικαλέσομαι Κύριον, καὶ ἐκ τῶν ἐχθρῶν μου σωθήσομαι.
I will call upon the Lord who is worthy to be praised, And I shall be saved from my enemies.
5
כִּי אֲפָפֻנִי מִשְׁבְּרֵי־מָוֶת נַחֲלֵי בְלִיַּעַל יְבַעֲתֻנִי
For the waves of Death compassed me. The floods of Belial assailed me.
Ὅτι περιέσχον με συντριμμοὶ θανάτου, χείμαῤῥοι ἀνομίας ἐθάμβησάν με.
For the troubles of death compassed me, The floods of iniquity amazed me:
6
חֶבְלֵי שְׁאוֹל סַבֻּנִי קִדְּמֻנִי מֹקְשֵׁי־מָוֶת
The cords of Sheol surrounded me; the snares of Death confronted me.
Ὠδῖνες θανάτου ἐκύκλωσάν με, προέφθασάν με σκληρότητες θανάτου.
The pangs of death surrounded me, The agonies of death prevented me.
7
בַּצַּר־לִי אֶקְרָא יְהוָה וְאֶל־אֱלֹהַי אֶקְרָא וַיִּשְׁמַע מֵהֵיכָלוֹ קוֹלִי וְשַׁוְעָתִי בְּאָזְנָיו
In my distress I called upon HaShem, yea, I called unto my G-d; and out of His temple He heard my voice, and my cry did enter into His ears.
Ἐν τῷ θλίβεσθαί με ἐπικαλέσομαι τὸν Κύριον, καὶ πρὸς τὸν Θεόν μου βοήσομαι, καὶ ἐπακούσεται ἐκ ναοῦ αὐτοῦ φωνῆς μου, καὶ ἡ κραυγή μου ἐν τοῖς ὠσὶν αὐτοῦ.
When I am afflicted I will call upon the Lord, And will cry to my God, And he shall hear my voice out of his temple, And my cry shall come into his ears.
8
ותגעש וַיִּתְגָּעַשׁ וַתִּרְעַשׁ הָאָרֶץ מוֹסְדוֹת הַשָּׁמַיִם יִרְגָּזוּ וַיִּתְגָּעֲשׁוּ כִּי־חָרָה לוֹ
Then the earth did shake and quake, the foundations of heaven did tremble; they were shaken, because He was wroth.
Καὶ ἐταράχθη καὶ ἐσείσθη ἡ γῆ, καὶ τὰ θεμέλια τοῦ οὐρανοῦ συνεταράχθησαν καὶ ἐσπαράχθησαν, ὃτι ἐθυμώθη Κύριος αὐτοῖς.
And the earth was troubled and quaked, And the foundations of heaven were confounded and torn asunder, Because the Lord was wroth with them.
9
עָלָה עָשָׁן בְּאַפּוֹ וְאֵשׁ מִפִּיו תֹּאכֵל גֶּחָלִים בָּעֲרוּ מִמֶּנּוּ
Smoke arose up in His nostrils, and fire out of His mouth did devour; coals flamed forth from Him.
Ἀνέβη καπνὸς ἐν τῇ ὀργῇ αὐτοῦ, καὶ πῦρ ἐκ στόματος αὐτοῦ κατέδεται· ἄνθρακες ἐξεκαύθησαν ἀπʼ αὐτοῦ.
There went up a smoke in his wrath, And fire out of his mouth devours: Coals were kindled at it.
10
וַיֵּט שָׁמַיִם וַיֵּרַד וַעֲרָפֶל תַּחַת רַגְלָיו
He bowed the heavens also, and came down; and thick darkness was under His feet.
Καὶ ἔκλινεν οὐρανοὺς καὶ κατέβη, καὶ γνόφος ὑποκάτω τῶν ποδῶν αὐτοῦ.
And he bowed the heavens, and came down, And [there was] darkness under his feet.
11
וַיִּרְכַּב עַל־כְּרוּב וַיָּעֹף וַיֵּרָא עַל־כַּנְפֵי־רוּחַ
And He rode upon a cherub, and did fly; yea, He was seen upon the wings of the wind.
Καὶ ἐπεκάθισεν ἐπὶ τῷ χερουβὶν καὶ ἐπετάσθη, καὶ ὤφθη ἐπὶ πτερύγων ἀνέμου.
And he rode upon the cherubs and did fly, And was seen upon the wings of the wind.
12
וַיָּשֶׁת חֹשֶׁךְ סְבִיבֹתָיו סֻכּוֹת חַשְׁרַת־מַיִם עָבֵי שְׁחָקִים
And He made darkness pavilions round about Him, gathering of waters, thick clouds of the skies.
Καὶ ἔθετο σκότος ἀποκρυφὴν αὐτοῦ· κύκλῳ αὐτοῦ ἡ σκηνὴ αὐτοῦ σκότος ὑδάτων, ἐπάχυνεν ἐν νεφέλαις ἀέρος.
And he made darkness his hiding place; His tabernacle round about him was the darkness of waters, He condensed it with the clouds of the air.
13
מִנֹּגַהּ נֶגְדּוֹ בָּעֲרוּ גַּחֲלֵי־אֵשׁ
At the brightness before Him coals of fire flamed forth.
Ἀπὸ τοῦ φέγγους ἐναντίον αὐτοῦ ἐξεκαύθησαν ἄνθρακες πυρός.
At the brightness before him Coals of fire were kindled.
14
יַרְעֵם מִן־שָׁמַיִם יְהוָה וְעֶלְיוֹן יִתֵּן קוֹלוֹ
HaShem thundered from heaven, and the Most High gave forth His voice.
Ἐβρόντησεν ἐξ οὐρανοῦ Κύριος, καὶ ὁ ὕψιστος ἔδωκε φωνὴν αὐτοῦ.
The Lord thundered out of heaven, And the Most High uttered his voice.
15
וַיִּשְׁלַח חִצִּים וַיְפִיצֵם בָּרָק ויהמם וַיָּהֹם
And He sent out arrows, and scattered them; lightning, and discomfited them.
Καὶ ἀπέστειλε βέλη, καὶ ἐσκόρπισεν αὐτούς· καὶ ἢστραψεν ἀστραπὴν, καὶ ἐξέστησεν αὐτούς.
And he sent forth arrows, and scattered them, And he flashed lightning, and dismayed them.
16
וַיֵּרָאוּ אֲפִקֵי יָם יִגָּלוּ מֹסְדוֹת תֵּבֵל בְּגַעֲרַת יְהוָה מִנִּשְׁמַת רוּחַ אַפּוֹ
And the channels of the sea appeared, the foundations of the world were laid bare by the rebuke of HaShem, at the blast of the breath of His nostrils.
Καὶ ὤφθησαν ἀφέσεις θαλάσσης, καὶ ἀπεκαλύφθη θεμέλια τῆς οἰκουμένης ἐν τῇ ἐπιτιμήσει Κυρίου, ἀπὸ πνοῆς πνεύματος θυμοῦ αὐτοῦ.
And the channels of the sea were seen, And the foundations of the world were discovered, At the rebuke of the Lord, At the blast of the breath of his anger.
17
יִשְׁלַח מִמָּרוֹם יִקָּחֵנִי יַמְשֵׁנִי מִמַּיִם רַבִּים
He sent from on high, He took me; He drew me out of many waters;
Ἀπέστειλεν ἐξ ὕξ ὕψους καὶ ἔλαβέ με, εἵλκυσέ με ἐξ ὑδάτων πολλῶν.
He sent from above and took me; He drew me out of many waters.
18
יַצִּילֵנִי מֵאֹיְבִי עָז מִשֹּׂנְאַי כִּי אָמְצוּ מִמֶּנִּי
He delivered me from mine enemy most strong, from them that hated me, for they were too mighty for me.
Ἐῤῥύσατό με ἐξ ἐχθρῶν μου ἰσχύος, ἐκ τῶν μισούντων με, ὅτι ἐκραταιώθησαν ὑπὲρ ἐμέ.
He delivered me from my strong enemies, From them that hated me, for they were stronger than I.
19
יְקַדְּמֻנִי בְּיוֹם אֵידִי וַיְהִי יְהוָה מִשְׁעָן לִי
They confronted me in the day of my calamity; but HaShem was a stay unto me.
Προέφθασάν με ἡμέραι θλίψεώς μου· καὶ ἐγένετο Κύριος ἐπιστήριγμά μου;
The days of my affliction prevented me; But the Lord was my stay.
20
וַיֹּצֵא לַמֶּרְחָב אֹתִי יְחַלְּצֵנִי כִּי־חָפֵץ בִּי
He brought me forth also into a large place; He delivered me, because He delighted in me.
καὶ ἐξήγαγέ με εἰς πλατυσμὸν, καὶ ἐξείλετό με, ὅτι ηὐδόκησες ἐν ἐμοί.
And he brought me into a wide place, And rescued me, because he delighted in me.
21
יִגְמְלֵנִי יְהוָה כְּצִדְקָתִי כְּבֹר יָדַי יָשִׁיב לִי
HaShem rewarded me according to my righteousness; according to the cleanness of my hands hath He recompensed me.
Καὶ ἀνταπέδωκέ μοι Κύριος κατὰ τὴν δικαιοσύνην μου, καὶ κατὰ τὴν καθαριότητα τῶν χειρῶν μου ἀνταπέδωκέ μοι.
And the Lord recompensed me according to my righteousness; Even according to the purity of my hands did he recompense me.
22
כִּי שָׁמַרְתִּי דַּרְכֵי יְהוָה וְלֹא רָשַׁעְתִּי מֵאֱלֹהָי
For I have kept the ways of HaShem, and have not wickedly departed from my G-d.
Ὅτι ἐφύλαξα ὁδοὺς Κυρίου, καὶ οὐκ ἠσέβησα ἀπὸ τοῦ Θεοῦ μου.
Because I kept the ways of the Lord, And did not wickedly depart from my God.
23
כִּי כָל־משפטו מִשְׁפָּטָיו לְנֶגְדִּי וְחֻקֹּתָיו לֹא־אָסוּר מִמֶּנָּה
For all His ordinances were before me; and as for His statutes, I did not depart from them.
Ὅτι πάντα τὰ κρίματα αὐτοῦ κατεναντίον μου καὶ τὰ δικαιώματα αὐτοῦ, οὐκ ἀπέστην ἀπʼ αὐτῶν.
For all his judgments and his ordinances [were] before me: I departed not from them.
24
וָאֶהְיֶה תָמִים לוֹ וָאֶשְׁתַּמְּרָה מֵעֲוֺנִי
And I was single-hearted toward Him, and I kept myself from mine iniquity.
Καὶ ἔσομαι ἄμωμος αὐτῷ, καὶ προφυλάξομαι ἀπὸ τῆς ἀνομίας μου.
And I shall be blameless before him, And will keep myself from my iniquity.
25
וַיָּשֶׁב יְהוָה לִי כְּצִדְקָתִי כְּבֹרִי לְנֶגֶד עֵינָיו
Therefore hath HaShem recompensed me according to my righteousness, according to my cleanness in His eyes.
Καὶ ἀποδώσει μοι Κύριος κατὰ τὴν δικαιοσύνην μου, καὶ κατὰ τὴν καθαριότητα τῶν χειρῶν μου ἐνώπιον τῶν ὀφθαλμῶν αὐτοῦ.
And the Lord will recompense me according to my righteousness, And according to the purity of my hands in his eyesight.
26
עִם־חָסִיד תִּתְחַסָּד עִם־גִּבּוֹר תָּמִים תִּתַּמָּם
With the merciful Thou dost show Thyself merciful, with the upright man Thou dost show Thyself upright,
Μετὰ ὁσίου ὁσιωθήσῃ, καὶ μετὰ ἀνδρὸς τελείου τελειωθήσῃ·
With the holy thou wilt be holy, And with the perfect man thou wilt be perfect,
27
עִם־נָבָר תִּתָּבָר וְעִם־עִקֵּשׁ תִּתַּפָּל
With the pure Thou dost show myself pure; and with the crooked Thou dost show Thyself subtle.
Καὶ μετὰ ἐκλεκτοῦ ἐκλεκτὸς ἔσῃ, καὶ μετὰ στρεβλοῦ στρεβλωθήσῃ.
And with the excellent thou wilt be excellent, And with the froward thou wilt be froward.
28
וְאֶת־עַם עָנִי תּוֹשִׁיעַ וְעֵינֶיךָ עַל־רָמִים תַּשְׁפִּיל
And the afflicted people Thou dost save; but Thine eyes are upon the haughty, that Thou mayest humble them.
Καὶ τὸν λαὸν τὸν πτωχὸν σώσεις, καὶ ὀφθαλμοὺς ἐπὶ μετεώρων ταπεινώσεις.
And thou wilt save the poor people, And wilt bring down the eyes of the haughty.
29
כִּי־אַתָּה נֵירִי יְהוָה וַיהוָה יַגִּיהַּ חָשְׁכִּי
For Thou art my lamp, O HaShem; and HaShem doth lighten my darkness.
Ὅτι σὺ ὁ λύχνος μου Κύριε, καὶ Κύριος ἐκλάμψει μοι τὸ σκότος μου.
For thou, Lord, [art] my lamp, And the Lord shall shine forth to me in my darkness.
30
כִּי בְכָה אָרוּץ גְּדוּד בֵּאלֹהַי אֲדַלֶּג־שׁוּר
For by Thee I run upon a troop; by my G-d do I scale a wall.
Ὅτι ἐν σοὶ δραμοῦμαι μονόζωνος, καὶ ἐν τῷ Θεῷ μου ὑπερβήσομαι τεῖχος.
For by thee shall I run [as] a girded man, And by my God shall I leap over a wall.
31
הָאֵל תָּמִים דַּרְכּוֹ אִמְרַת יְהוָה צְרוּפָה מָגֵן הוּא לְכֹל הַחֹסִים בּוֹ
As for G-d, His way is perfect; the word of HaShem is tried; He is a shield unto all them that take refuge in Him.
Ὁ ἰσχυρὸς ἄμωμος ἡ ὁδὸς αὐτοῦ· τὸ ῥῆμα Κυρίου κραταιὸν πεπυρωμένον· ὑπερασπιστής ἐστι πᾶσι τοῖς πεποιθόσιν ἐπʼ αὐτόν.
As for the Mighty One, his way [is] blameless: The word of the Lord [is] strong [and] tried in the fire: He is a protector to all that put their trust in him.
32
כִּי מִי־אֵל מִבַּלְעֲדֵי יְהוָה וּמִי צוּר מִבַּלְעֲדֵי אֱלֹהֵינוּ
For who is G-d, save HaShem? and who is a Rock, save our G-d?
Τίς ἰσχυρὸς πλὴν Κυρίου; καὶ τίς κτίστης ἔσται πλὴν τοῦ Θεοῦ ἡμῶν;
Who [is] strong, but the Lord? And who will be a Creator except our God?
33
הָאֵל מָעוּזִּי חָיִל וַיַּתֵּר תָּמִים דרכו דַּרְכִּי
The G-d who is my strong fortress, and who letteth my way go forth straight;
Ὁ ἰσχυρὸς ὁ κραταιῶν με δυνάμει, καὶ ἐξετίναξεν ἄμωμον τὴν ὁδόν μου.
[It is] the Mighty One who strengthens me with might, And has prepared my way without fault.
34
מְשַׁוֶּה רגליו רַגְלַי כָּאַיָּלוֹת וְעַל בָּמוֹתַי יַעֲמִדֵנִי
Who maketh my feet like hinds', and setteth me upon my high places;
Τιθεὶς τοὺς πόδας μου ὡς ἐλάφων, καὶ ἐπὶ τὰ ὕψη ἱστῶν με.
He makes my feet like harts’ feet, And sets me upon the high places.
35
מְלַמֵּד יָדַי לַמִּלְחָמָה וְנִחַת קֶשֶׁת־נְחוּשָׁה זְרֹעֹתָי
Who traineth my hands for war, so that mine arms do bend a bow of brass.
Διδάσκων χεῖράς μου εἰς πόλεμον, καὶ κατάξας τόξον χαλκοῦν ἐν βραχίονί μου.
He teaches my hands to war, And has broken a brazen bow by my arm.
36
וַתִּתֶּן־לִי מָגֵן יִשְׁעֶךָ וַעֲנֹתְךָ תַּרְבֵּנִי
Thou hast also given me Thy shield of salvation; and Thy condescension hath made me great.
Καὶ ἔδωκάς μοι ὑπερασπισμὸν σωτηρίας μου, καὶ ἡ ὑπακοή σου ἐπλήθυνέ με εἰς πλατυσμὸν εἰς τὰ διαβήματά μου ὑποκάτω μου,
And thou hast given me the shield of my salvation, And thy propitious dealing has increased me,
37
תַּרְחִיב צַעֲדִי תַּחְתֵּנִי וְלֹא מָעֲדוּ קַרְסֻלָּי
Thou hast enlarged my steps under me, and my feet have not slipped.
καὶ οὐκ ἐσαλεύθησαν τὰ σκέλη μου.
So as to make room under me for my going, And my legs did not totter.
38
אֶרְדְּפָה אֹיְבַי וָאַשְׁמִידֵם וְלֹא אָשׁוּב עַד־כַּלּוֹתָם
I have pursued mine enemies, and destroyed them; neither did I turn back till they were consumed.
Διώξω ἐχθρούς μου, καὶ ἀφανιῶ αὐτοὺς, καὶ οὐκ ἀναστρέψω ἕως ἂν συντελέσω αὐτούς.
I will pursue my enemies, and will utterly destroy them; And I will not turn again till I have consumed them.
39
וָאֲכַלֵּם וָאֶמְחָצֵם וְלֹא יְקוּמוּן וַיִּפְּלוּ תַּחַת רַגְלָי
And I have consumed them, and smitten them through, that they cannot arise; yea, they are fallen under my feet.
Καὶ θλάσω αὐτοὺς καὶ οὐκ ἀναστήσονται, καὶ πεσοῦνται ὑπὸ τοὺς πόδας μου.
And I will crush them, and they shall not rise; And they shall fall under my feet.
40
וַתַּזְרֵנִי חַיִל לַמִּלְחָמָה תַּכְרִיעַ קָמַי תַּחְתֵּנִי
For Thou hast girded me with strength unto the battle; Thou hast subdued under me those that rose up against me.
Καὶ ἐνισχύσεις με δυνάμει εἰς πόλεμον, κάμψεις τοὺς ἐπιστανομένους μοι ὑποκάτω μου.
And thou shalt strengthen me with power for the war; Thou shalt cause them that rise up against me to bow down under me.
41
וְאֹיְבַי תַּתָּה לִּי עֹרֶף מְשַׂנְאַי וָאַצְמִיתֵם
Thou hast also made mine enemies turn their backs unto me; yea, them that hate me, that I might cut them off.
Καὶ τοὺς ἐχθρούς μου ἔδωκάς μοι νῶτον, τοὺς μισοῦντάς με, καὶ ἐθανάτωσας αὐτούς.
And thou hast caused mine enemies to flee before me, Even them that hated me, and thou hast slain them.
42
יִשְׁעוּ וְאֵין מֹשִׁיעַ אֶל־יְהוָה וְלֹא עָנָם
They looked, but there was none to save; even unto HaShem, but He answered them not.
Βοήσονται, καὶ οὐκ ἔστι βοηθὸς, πρὸς Κύριον, καὶ οὐκ ἐπήκουσεν αὐτῶν.
They shall cry, and there shall be no helper; To the Lord, but he hearkens not to them.
43
וְאֶשְׁחָקֵם כַּעֲפַר־אָרֶץ כְּטִיט־חוּצוֹת אֲדִקֵּם אֶרְקָעֵם
Then did I beat them small as the dust of the earth, I did stamp them as the mire of the streets, and did tread them down.
Καὶ ἐλέανα αὐτοὺς ὡς χοῦν γῆς, ὡς πηλὸν ἐξόδων ἐλέπτυνα αὐτούς.
And I ground them as the dust of the earth, I beat them small as the mire of the streets.
44
וַתְּפַלְּטֵנִי מֵרִיבֵי עַמִּי תִּשְׁמְרֵנִי לְרֹאשׁ גּוֹיִם עַם לֹא־יָדַעְתִּי יַעַבְדֻנִי
Thou also hast delivered me from the contentions of my people; Thou hast kept me to be the head of the nations; a people whom I have not known serve me.
Καὶ ῥύσῃ με ἐκ μάχης λαῶν, φυλάξεις με εἰς κεφαλὴν ἐθνῶν· λαὸς ὃν οὐκ ἔγνω ἐδούλευσάν μοι.
And thou shalt deliver me from the striving of the peoples, Thou shalt keep me [to be] the head of the Gentiles: A people which I knew not served me.
45
בְּנֵי נֵכָר יִתְכַּחֲשׁוּ־לִי לִשְׁמוֹעַ אֹזֶן יִשָּׁמְעוּ לִי
The sons of the stranger dwindle away before me; as soon as they hear of me, they obey me.
Υἱοὶ ἀλλότριοι ἐψεύσαντό μοι, εἰς ἀκοὴν ὠτίου ἤκουσάν μου.
The strange children feigned [obedience] to me; They hearkened to me as soon as they heard.
46
בְּנֵי נֵכָר יִבֹּלוּ וְיַחְגְּרוּ מִמִּסְגְּרוֹתָם
The sons of the stranger fade away, and come halting out of their close places.
Υἱοὶ ἀλλότριοι ἀποῤῥιφήσονται, καὶ σφαλοῦσιν ἐκ τῶν συγκλεισμῶν αὐτῶν.
The strange children shall be cast away, And shall be overthrown out of their hiding places.
47
חַי־יְהוָה וּבָרוּךְ צוּרִי וְיָרֻם אֱלֹהֵי צוּר יִשְׁעִי
HaShem liveth, and blessed be my Rock; and exalted be the G-d, my Rock of salvation;
Ζῇ Κύριος, καὶ εὐλογητὸς ὁ φύλαξ μου, καὶ ὑψωθήσεται ὁ Θεός μου ὁ φύλαξ τῆς σωτηρίας μου.
The Lord lives, and blessed [be] my guardian, And my God, my strong keeper, shall be exalted.
48
הָאֵל הַנֹּתֵן נְקָמֹת לִי וּמוֹרִיד עַמִּים תַּחְתֵּנִי
Even the G-d that executeth vengeance for me, and bringeth down peoples under me,
Ἰσχυρὸς Κύριος ὁ διδοὺς ἐκδικήσεις ἐμοὶ, παιδεύων λαοὺς ὑποκάτω μου,
The Lord who avenges me [is] strong, Chastening the nations under me,
49
וּמוֹצִיאִי מֵאֹיְבָי וּמִקָּמַי תְּרוֹמְמֵנִי מֵאִישׁ חֲמָסִים תַּצִּילֵנִי
And that bringeth me forth from mine enemies; yea, Thou liftest me up above them that rise up against me; Thou deliverest me from the violent man.
καὶ ἐξάγων με ἐξ ἐχθρῶν μου· καὶ ἐκ τῶν ἐπεγειρομένων μοι ὑψώσεις με, ἐξ ἀνδρὸς ἀδικημάτων ῥύσῃ με.
And bringing me out from my enemies: And thou shalt set me on high from among those that rise up against me: Thou shalt deliver me from the violent man.
50
עַל־כֵּן אוֹדְךָ יְהוָה בַּגּוֹיִם וּלְשִׁמְךָ אֲזַמֵּר
Therefore I will give thanks unto Thee, O HaShem, among the nations, and will sing praises unto Thy name.
Διὰ τοῦτο ἐξομολογήσομαί σοι Κύριε ἐν τοῖς ἔθνεσι, καὶ ἐν τῷ ὀνόματί σου ψαλῶ.
Therefore will I confess to thee, O Lord, among the Gentiles, And sing to thy name.
51
מגדיל מִגְדּוֹל יְשׁוּעוֹת מַלְכּוֹ וְעֹשֶׂה־חֶסֶד לִמְשִׁיחוֹ לְדָוִד וּלְזַרְעוֹ עַד־עוֹלָם
A tower of salvation is He to His king; and showeth mercy to His anointed, to David and to his seed, for evermore.
Μεγαλύνων τὰς σωτηρίας βασιλέως αὐτοῦ, καὶ ποιῶν ἔλεος τῷ χριστῷ αὐτοῦ τῷ Δαυὶδ, καὶ τῷ σπέρματι αὐτοῦ ἕως αἰῶνος. Καὶ οὗτοι οἱ λόγοι Δαυὶδ οἱ ἔσχατοι·
He magnifies the salvation of his king, And works mercy for his anointed, Even for David and for his seed forever.

How it works

A parallel reader for the Hebrew Bible and its oldest witnesses: the Masoretic text, the Samaritan Pentateuch, the Dead Sea Scrolls and the Septuagint, each with an English translation where one is available.

Reading a chapter

Choose a book and chapter at the top, or type a reference into Go to (Isa 53:11, 1 Sam 3, sam 3:4, ii kgs 2, ben sira 51). Book names can be abbreviated; a name shared by numbered books (sam, kings, chr, macc) opens the first of them unless you add the number. The arrow keys move between chapters, and the address bar keeps a link to the verse you clicked, so you can bookmark or share a place.

Each row is one verse. Rows follow the Masoretic verse numbering, so the Hebrew, JPS and Samaritan columns line up exactly. The Septuagint is numbered differently in many places (Psalms, Jeremiah, Exodus 35–40, parts of Kings, Proverbs, Daniel, and dozens of chapter boundaries). Its verses are placed against their Masoretic counterparts, and a small tag such as 50:3 shows the Septuagint's own number when it differs. Greek verses that have no Masoretic counterpart (for example the Prayer of Azariah in Daniel 3) appear in reading order as separate rows marked LXX.

Columns

The chips at the top switch columns on and off. Drag a chip (or a column heading) to reorder; with a chip focused, the ← → keys move it. Your choice is remembered. The Samaritan columns appear only in Genesis–Deuteronomy; the scrolls column appears wherever a manuscript survives, including Ben Sira. Columns marked † are licensed for non-commercial use only.

Words: lexicon and concordance

Hover over any Hebrew word (Masoretic, Samaritan or scroll) or any Greek word to see its dictionary form, Strong's number, a short gloss and its grammar. Click the word to open the concordance on the right: the full lexicon entry, then every occurrence, grouped by book — for Hebrew, separately for the Masoretic text, the Samaritan Pentateuch and the scrolls (with the manuscript named). Click a reference to go there; every form of the word in the chapter is highlighted. You can also type a word or a Strong's number into Lexicon at the top.

In the Masoretic text, a Ketiv (the written form, unpointed) is shown in grey immediately before its Qere (the form read aloud); both carry the Qere's dictionary entry.

Variants

The Samaritan Pentateuch and every scroll are compared word by word with the Masoretic text of the same verse:

In the scrolls, letters in brackets are a modern editor's reconstruction and are never counted as variants; letters with a dotted overline are uncertain; ◦ is a trace of an unreadable letter. Manuscripts written in paleo-Hebrew script, and divine names that square-script scrolls write in paleo-Hebrew, are shown in paleo-Hebrew letters (switchable under Display). Hover a manuscript to see its edition. Display → Dead Sea Scrolls can hide the manuscripts that agree with the Masoretic text, or strip the reconstructions to show only what survives.

The comparison is automatic. It aligns words by spelling, so a transposition or a long rewritten passage can be marked imperfectly, and the spelling rule cannot tell a suffix from a vowel letter. Treat the colours as a finding aid and check a critical edition before building an argument on a reading.

Books outside the Hebrew Bible

Besides the Septuagint-only books, the book list has 1 Enoch and Jubilees (“Other ancient books”), shown in R. H. Charles's English with the Qumran copies beside them, and Psalms has a chapter 151. Their scroll copies — like those of Tobit and Ben Sira — have no verse numbers in the data: each fragment is placed by its published identification, and its lines are spread over those verses, so treat the exact verse boundaries as approximate. Aramaic copies (Tobit 4Q196–199 and all of Enoch) are marked “Aramaic” and have no word lookups.

Rabbinic citations

The small ❝ under a verse number opens the passages of rabbinic literature that cite that verse — Mishnah, Tosefta, both Talmuds, Midrash, Targum and Kabbalah (and, if you tick the box, later halakhah, liturgy and thought) — fetched live from Sefaria, so it needs an internet connection. Each passage is listed with Sefaria's date for the work it comes from and a link to read it there. Sefaria's links include allusions and discussions as well as quotations; those it classes as quotations are marked. It works for the Hebrew Bible, Ben Sira (by Kahana's numbering, e.g. the Talmud's quotations of Ben Sira), Tobit and Jubilees. For 1 Enoch, which the rabbis do not quote, it lists instead the Zohar's passages about a “Book of Enoch”.

How the Septuagint is aligned

Each Greek verse is placed by combining three things: the standard table of Septuagint–Masoretic verse correspondences (SIL's lxx.vrs), the table of Masoretic–English numbering differences, and a comparison of the English of Brenton's Septuagint with the JPS English, which confirms each pairing and catches displaced verses. Where no Masoretic verse is similar enough, the Greek verse stands on its own row.

The Greek word data

No openly licensed word-by-word analysis of Brenton's Greek exists, so each Greek word is matched to the most frequent analysis of the same form in the openly licensed Swete Septuagint (Morpheus parser), then to a lexicon entry. About 95% of words are identified. Parses of ambiguous forms (e.g. αὐτοῦ, τοῦ) can be wrong; the card says "automatic parse" as a reminder.

About the texts

What each column is, where it comes from, and what to keep in mind when reading it.

Masoretic Text — Westminster Leningrad Codex

The Masoretic text is the Hebrew Bible as transmitted by the Masoretes, scribal scholars active in Tiberias and elsewhere roughly from the 7th to the 10th century, who fixed its vowel points, accents and marginal notes (the Masorah) around a consonantal text that was already essentially stable by the 1st–2nd century CE. The Leningrad Codex (St Petersburg, Firkovich I B 19 A), copied in 1008/1009 CE in the Ben Asher tradition, is the oldest complete manuscript of the Hebrew Bible; the slightly older Aleppo Codex lost most of the Torah in 1947. It is the base of the standard critical editions (BHK, BHS, BHQ).

The Westminster Leningrad Codex is the public-domain digital transcription of it maintained by the J. Alan Groves Center at Westminster Theological Seminary. In this edition a Ketiv appears as its own unpointed word before the pointed Qere.

JPS 1917 — The Holy Scriptures according to the Masoretic Text

The first English Bible translation produced by a committee of Jewish scholars for the Jewish Publication Society of America, under Max L. Margolis as editor-in-chief, published in 1917. Its language deliberately follows the cadence of the King James and Revised Versions, but its renderings follow the Masoretic text and Jewish exegetical tradition, and it keeps the Hebrew chapter and verse numbering. It is in the public domain; its successor, the New JPS (Tanakh, 1985), is not. The electronic edition used here writes the divine names as “HaShem” and “G-d”.

Septuagint — Brenton's Greek text and the Updated Brenton English

The Septuagint is the Jewish translation of the Hebrew scriptures into Greek. The Torah was translated in Alexandria in the 3rd century BCE (the Letter of Aristeas tells the legend of 72 translators under Ptolemy II); the other books followed over the next two centuries. Because it was made from Hebrew manuscripts older than the Masoretic text, it often preserves a different Hebrew text: Jeremiah is about one-seventh shorter and differently ordered (a shorter Hebrew text of this type survives at Qumran in 4QJerb,d), Job is about one-sixth shorter, and Esther and Daniel have long additions. It was the Bible of Philo, Josephus and the New Testament writers, and became the Old Testament of the Greek church, which in turn led Jewish translators (Aquila, Symmachus, Theodotion) to produce closer revisions.

Sir Lancelot C. L. Brenton published an English translation in 1844 and a Greek–English edition in 1851. His Greek is essentially the Sixtine (Roman) edition of 1587, which follows the 4th-century Codex Vaticanus. It is older and less critical than the modern editions of Rahlfs (1935) and Göttingen, which are under copyright. The English column is the Updated Brenton (Adam Boyd, 2020), Brenton's translation with modernised spelling and wording, dedicated to the public domain.

Samaritan Pentateuch †

The Torah as preserved by the Samaritan community of Mount Gerizim (Nablus), written in the Samaritan script, a descendant of the paleo-Hebrew alphabet. It differs from the Masoretic text in about 6,000 places, most of them spelling or grammar; in about 1,900 of them it agrees with the Septuagint. Some readings are distinctively Samaritan, above all the commandment to build an altar on Mount Gerizim added after the Ten Commandments (Exod 20:17; Deut 5:21) and “Gerizim” for “Ebal” in Deut 27:4. Many others — harmonising expansions that copy one passage into its parallel — are shared with “pre-Samaritan” Qumran manuscripts such as 4QpaleoExodm and 4QNumb, showing that the text type is older than the Samaritan schism.

European scholars learned of it in 1616, when Pietro della Valle brought a manuscript from Damascus; it was printed in the Paris (1645) and London (1657) Polyglots, collated by Benjamin Kennicott (1776–80) and edited critically by August von Gall (1914–18). The Hebrew here is Aleksandr Sigalov's digital text, based on Kennicott and checked against von Gall; the English is Sigalov's adaptation of the King James Version to the Samaritan readings. For modern scholarship see Abraham Tal's edition of MS Shechem 6 and Stefan Schorch's critical editio maior.

Dead Sea Scrolls and other Judean Desert manuscripts †

Between 1947 and 1956 the remains of about 950 manuscripts were found in eleven caves near Khirbet Qumran. Some 230 are biblical — every book of the Hebrew Bible except Esther is represented, from tiny fragments to the complete Great Isaiah Scroll (1QIsaa) — dating from about 250 BCE to 68 CE. They are a thousand years older than the Leningrad Codex. Most are close to the ancestor of the Masoretic text (“proto-Masoretic”), but others agree with the Septuagint (4QJerb, 4QSama in places), with the Samaritan text type, or with neither — evidence that several forms of the text circulated side by side before the Masoretic text prevailed.

Manuscripts from other sites fill out the picture: Masada (before its fall in 73/74 CE; excavated by Yigael Yadin, 1963–65) and the Bar Kokhba refuges of Wadi Murabba'at and Naḥal Ḥever (132–135 CE), whose biblical texts are already virtually identical with the Masoretic text, as well as Naḥal Ṣe'elim, Wadi Sdeir and Naḥal Arugot. The official publication is the Discoveries in the Judaean Desert series (Oxford, 1955–2010).

The transcriptions here are those of Martin G. Abegg Jr., James E. Bowley and Edward M. Cook, as converted by the Eep Talstra Centre for Bible and Computer (ETCBC). Each manuscript is labelled with its siglum (e.g. 4QIsad), its DJD number, its find-site and the column or fragment and line. Besides the biblical manuscripts, the copies of Ben Sira, Tobit, 1 Enoch, Jubilees and Psalm 151 are shown under those books. Not every manuscript is in the dataset — notably the Greek scrolls (such as the Greek Minor Prophets from Naḥal Ḥever) are absent, and the Masada Ben Sira scroll is added separately (see Ben Sira).

Ben Sira

The Wisdom of Yeshua ben Eleazar ben Sira, composed in Hebrew in Jerusalem around 190–180 BCE and translated into Greek by his grandson in Egypt after 132 BCE (his prologue explains the difficulty of rendering Hebrew into Greek). It belongs to the Septuagint and to the Catholic and Orthodox canons (Latin Ecclesiasticus) but not to the Jewish one, although the Talmud and midrash quote it. Its Hebrew text was lost to the West until 1896, when Solomon Schechter, Agnes Lewis and Margaret Gibson identified medieval copies in the Cairo Genizah; ancient Hebrew copies then emerged at Qumran and Masada.

About two-thirds of the Hebrew is now known, from six medieval Genizah manuscripts (A–F, 10th–12th century) and three ancient ones: 2QSir (2Q18; Sir 6:14–15, 20–32), the acrostic of Sir 51:13–20, 30 in the Psalms Scroll 11QPsa (columns 21–22), and the Masada scroll (Mas1h), found by Yigael Yadin in 1964 in a casemate room of the fortress and published in 1965: seven columns with Sir 39:27–44:17, copied in the early 1st century BCE, little more than a century after the author. Its agreement with Genizah manuscript B showed that the medieval copies descend from the ancient Hebrew rather than from a translation back from Greek or Syriac.

Here the book is shown in Brenton's Greek and English. The Hebrew column is the Kahana edition, as transcribed on Hebrew Wikisource and distributed by Sefaria (CC BY-SA): a running text built on the Genizah manuscripts, in which words in [brackets] are Kahana's restorations; chapters with no surviving Hebrew are empty. Kahana numbers the verses in the Hebrew order — in the Greek, two blocks of chapters 30–36 are transposed — so his verses have been matched to Brenton's by content for this site, with his own number shown as “Heb.” where it differs. The scrolls column has the three ancient witnesses; the Masada text is Eric Reymond's transcription from bensira.org. Their placement was made for this site by matching the text; there is no Masoretic text to compare them with, so no variants are marked.

Psalm 151

The Septuagint Psalter ends with a short psalm “outside the number”, in which David recalls tending his father's sheep, his anointing and his victory over Goliath. It belongs to the Greek, Syriac and Ethiopic Bibles but not to the Hebrew one, and was long thought to have been composed in Greek — until the Psalms Scroll from Qumran Cave 11 (11QPsa, published by James Sanders in 1965) turned out to contain a longer Hebrew original in its 28th column, as two poems (151A on David's music and anointing, 151B, broken off, on Goliath). The Greek is a condensed translation of them. The psalm is shown as chapter 151 of Psalms, with the scroll's lines under the Greek verses they correspond to.

Tobit

A Jewish novella of the Eastern diaspora (probably 3rd–2nd century BCE): the pious exile Tobit, blinded in Nineveh, sends his son Tobias to recover money in Media, guided by the angel Raphael in disguise; on the way Tobias marries Sarah and drives off the demon Asmodeus. It is in the Septuagint and the Catholic and Orthodox canons. It survives in two Greek forms — a shorter one (Codices Vaticanus and Alexandrinus, printed by Brenton) and a longer one (Codex Sinaiticus) — and the Qumran copies, four in Aramaic (4Q196–199) and one in Hebrew (4Q200), published by Joseph Fitzmyer in 1995, side with the longer form, which is now generally taken as nearer the original. Their verse placement here follows Fitzmyer's identifications.

1 Enoch

A collection of five works ascribed to Enoch, the seventh from Adam who “walked with God” (Gen 5:24): the Book of the Watchers (ch. 1–36, 3rd century BCE), on the angels who descended to the daughters of men; the Parables (37–71); the Astronomical Book (72–82); the Dream Visions (83–90), with the “Animal Apocalypse” of Israel's history; and the Epistle of Enoch (91–108). It is quoted in the Letter of Jude (1:14–15) and is canonical in the Ethiopian Orthodox Church, whose Ge'ez version is the only complete text; Greek survives for about a third. Józef Milik published the Aramaic fragments from Qumran Cave 4 in 1976: eleven copies, covering every part except the Parables, the oldest from around 200 BCE. The English is R. H. Charles's 1917 translation from the Ethiopic (public domain). The Astronomical scrolls (4Q208–211) contain a much longer calendar than the Ethiopic; only their few passages that match chapters 76–82 are placed.

Jubilees

A retelling of Genesis and Exodus 1–14 as revealed to Moses on Sinai by an “angel of the presence”, dated by a calendar of 49-year jubilees and a 364-day solar year (mid-2nd century BCE). Like 1 Enoch it is canonical only in the Ethiopian church, whose Ge'ez version is the only complete text; parts survive in Latin, Syriac and Greek quotations. Fragments of about fifteen Hebrew copies were found at Qumran, more than of most biblical books, and are published in DJD 13 (VanderKam and Milik, 1994) and DJD 23. The English is R. H. Charles's 1917 translation (public domain).

Lexicon and concordance data

Hebrew words carry the analysis of STEPBible's Translators Amalgamated Hebrew OT (Tyndale House, Cambridge): extended Strong's numbers — James Strong's 1890 numbering, subdivided to follow the Brown–Driver–Briggs lexicon (1906) — with morphology from the ETCBC and an abridged BDB for definitions. Samaritan and scroll words take the analysis of the Masoretic word they correspond to, or, where they differ, of the same written form elsewhere in the Masoretic text. Greek words are matched through the Swete Septuagint and the Morpheus parser to STEPBible's Greek lexicon, which draws on Abbott-Smith (1922) and Liddell–Scott–Jones.

† Licensed for non-commercial use only. Full credits and licences: Credits and licences.