Textorah

II Chronicles 34

1
בֶּן־שְׁמוֹנֶה שָׁנִים יֹאשִׁיָּהוּ בְמָלְכוֹ וּשְׁלֹשִׁים וְאַחַת שָׁנָה מָלַךְ בִּירוּשָׁלָ͏ִם
Josiah was eight years old when he began to reign; and he reigned thirty and one years in Jerusalem.
Ὢν ὀκτὼ ἐτῶν Ἰωσίας ἐν τῷ βασιλεῦσαι αὐτὸν, καὶ τριάκοντα καὶ ἓν ἔτος ἐβασίλευσεν ἐν Ἱερουσαλήμ.
Josiah was eight years old when he began to reign, and he reigned thirty-one years in Jerusalem.
2
וַיַּעַשׂ הַיָּשָׁר בְּעֵינֵי יְהוָה וַיֵּלֶךְ בְּדַרְכֵי דָּוִיד אָבִיו וְלֹא־סָר יָמִין וּשְׂמֹאול
And he did that which was right in the eyes of HaShem, and walked in the ways of David his father, and turned not aside to the right hand or to the left.
Καὶ ἐποίησε τὸ εὐθὲς ἐναντίον Κυρίου, καὶ ἐπορεύθη ἐν ὁδοῖς Δαυὶδ τοῦ πατρὸς αὐτοῦ, καὶ οὐκ ἐξέκλινε δεξιὰ καὶ ἀριστερά.
And he did that which was right in the sight of the Lord, and walked in the ways of his father David, and turned not aside to the right hand or to the left.
3
וּבִשְׁמוֹנֶה שָׁנִים לְמָלְכוֹ וְהוּא עוֹדֶנּוּ נַעַר הֵחֵל לִדְרוֹשׁ לֵאלֹהֵי דָּוִיד אָבִיו וּבִשְׁתֵּים עֶשְׂרֵה שָׁנָה הֵחֵל לְטַהֵר אֶת־יְהוּדָה וִירוּשָׁלִַם מִן־הַבָּמוֹת וְהָאֲשֵׁרִים וְהַפְּסִלִים וְהַמַּסֵּכוֹת
For in the eighth year of his reign, while he was yet young, he began to seek after the G-d of David his father; and in the twelfth year he began to purge Judah and Jerusalem from the high places, and the Asherim, and the graven images, and the molten images.
Καὶ ἐν τῷ ὀγδόῳ ἔτει τῆς βασιλείας αὐτοῦ, καὶ αὐτὸς ἔτι παιδάριον ἤρξατο τοῦ ζητῆσαι Κύριον τὸν Θεὸν Δαυὶδ τοῦ πατρὸς αὐτοῦ· καὶ ἐν τῷ δωδεκάτῳ ἔτει τῆς βασιλείας αὐτοῦ ἤρξατο τοῦ καθαρίσαι τὸν Ἰούδαν καὶ τὴν Ἱερουσαλὴμ ἀπὸ τῶν ὑψηλῶν, καὶ τῶν ἄλσεων, καὶ ἀπὸ τῶν περιβωμίων, καὶ ἀπὸ τῶν χωνευτῶν.
And in the eighth year of his reign, and he [being] yet a youth, he began to seek the Lord God of his father David: and in the twelfth year of his reign he began to purge Judah and Jerusalem from the high places, and the groves, and the ornaments for the altars, and the molten images.
4
וַיְנַתְּצוּ לְפָנָיו אֵת מִזְבְּחוֹת הַבְּעָלִים וְהַחַמָּנִים אֲשֶׁר־לְמַעְלָה מֵעֲלֵיהֶם גִּדֵּעַ וְהָאֲשֵׁרִים וְהַפְּסִלִים וְהַמַּסֵּכוֹת שִׁבַּר וְהֵדַק וַיִּזְרֹק עַל־פְּנֵי הַקְּבָרִים הַזֹּבְחִים לָהֶם
And they broke down the altars of the Baalim in his presence; and the sun-images, that were on high above them, he hewed down; and the Asherim, and the graven images, and the molten images, he broke in pieces, and made dust of them, and strewed it upon the graves of them that had sacrificed unto them.
Καὶ κατέσπασε τὰ κατὰ πρόσωπον αὐτοῦ θυσιαστήρια τῶν Βααλὶμ, καὶ τὰ ὑψηλὰ τὰ ἐπʼ αὐτῶν· καὶ ἔκοψε τὰ ἄλση καὶ τὰ γλυπτὰ, καὶ τὰ χωνευτὰ συνέτριψε, καὶ ἐλέπτυνε καὶ ἔῤῥιψεν ἐπὶ πρόσωπον τῶν μνημάτων τῶν θυσιαζόντων αὐτοῖς.
And he pulled down the altars of Baalim that were before his face, and the high places that were above them; and he cut down the groves, and the graven images, and broke in pieces the molten images, and reduced them to powder, and cast [it] upon the surface of the tombs of those who [had] sacrificed to them.
5
וְעַצְמוֹת כֹּהֲנִים שָׂרַף עַל־מזבחותים מִזְבְּחוֹתָם וַיְטַהֵר אֶת־יְהוּדָה וְאֶת־יְרוּשָׁלָ͏ִם
And he burnt the bones of the priests upon their altars, and purged Judah and Jerusalem.
Καὶ ὀστᾶ ἱερέων κατέκαυσεν ἐπὶ τὰ θυσιαστήρια, καὶ ἐκαθάρισε τὸν Ἰούδαν καὶ τὴν Ἱερουσαλὴμ,
And he burned the bones of the priests upon the altars, and purged Judah and Jerusalem.
6
וּבְעָרֵי מְנַשֶּׁה וְאֶפְרַיִם וְשִׁמְעוֹן וְעַד־נַפְתָּלִי בהר בתיהם בְּחַרְבֹתֵיהֶם סָבִיב
And so did he in the cities of Manasseh and Ephraim and Simeon, even unto Naphtali, with their axes round about.
καὶ ἐν πόλεσι Μανασσῆ, καὶ Ἐφραὶμ, καὶ Συμεὼν, καὶ Νεφθαλὶ, καὶ τοῖς τόποις αὐτῶν κύκλῳ.
And [he did so] in the cities of Manasseh, and Ephraim, and Simeon, and Naphtali, and the places round about them.
7
וַיְנַתֵּץ אֶת־הַמִּזְבְּחוֹת וְאֶת־הָאֲשֵׁרִים וְהַפְּסִלִים כִּתַּת לְהֵדַק וְכָל־הַחַמָּנִים גִּדַּע בְּכָל־אֶרֶץ יִשְׂרָאֵל וַיָּשָׁב לִירוּשָׁלָ͏ִם
And he broke down the altars, and beat the Asherim and the graven images into powder, and hewed down all the sun-images throughout all the land of Israel, and returned to Jerusalem.
Καὶ κατέσπασε τὰ θυσιαστήρια, καὶ τὰ ἄλση, καὶ εἴδωλα κατέκοψε λεπτὰ, καὶ πάντα τὰ ὑψηλὰ ἔκοψεν ἀπὸ πάσης τῆς γῆς Ἰσραὴλ, καὶ ἀπέστρεψεν εἰς Ἱερουσαλήμ.
And he pulled down the altars and the groves, and he cut the idols in small pieces, and cut off all the high places from all the land of Israel, and returned to Jerusalem.
8
וּבִשְׁנַת שְׁמוֹנֶה עֶשְׂרֵה לְמָלְכוֹ לְטַהֵר הָאָרֶץ וְהַבָּיִת שָׁלַח אֶת־שָׁפָן בֶּן־אֲצַלְיָהוּ וְאֶת־מַעֲשֵׂיָהוּ שַׂר־הָעִיר וְאֵת יוֹאָח בֶּן־יוֹאָחָז הַמַּזְכִּיר לְחַזֵּק אֶת־בֵּית יְהוָה אֱלֹהָיו
Now in the eighteenth year of his reign, when he had purged the land, and the house, he sent Shaphan the son of Azaliah, and Maaseiah the governor of the city, and Joah the son of Joahaz the recorder, to repair the house of HaShem his G-d.
Καὶ ἐν τῷ ἔτει τῷ ὀκτωκαιδεκάτῳ τῆς βασιλείας αὐτοῦ τοῦ καθαρίσαι τὴν γῆν καὶ τὸν οἶκον, ἀπέστειλε τὸν Σαφὰν υἱὸν Ἐσελία, καὶ τὸν Μαασὰ ἄρχοντα τῇς πόλεως, καὶ τὸν Ἰουὰχ υἱὸν Ἰωάχαζ τὸν ὑπομνηματογράφον αὐτοῦ, κραταιῶσαι τὸν οἶκον Κυρίου τοῦ Θεοῦ αὐτοῦ.
And in the eighteenth year of his reign, after having cleansed the land, and the house, he sent Shaphan the son of Azaliah, and Maaseiah prefect of the city, and Joah son of Joahaz his recorder, to repair the house of the Lord his God.
9
וַיָּבֹאוּ אֶל־חִלְקִיָּהוּ הַכֹּהֵן הַגָּדוֹל וַיִּתְּנוּ אֶת־הַכֶּסֶף הַמּוּבָא בֵית־אֱלֹהִים אֲשֶׁר אָסְפוּ־הַלְוִיִּם שֹׁמְרֵי הַסַּף מִיַּד מְנַשֶּׁה וְאֶפְרַיִם וּמִכֹּל שְׁאֵרִית יִשְׂרָאֵל וּמִכָּל־יְהוּדָה וּבִנְיָמִן וישבי וַיָּשֻׁבוּ יְרוּשָׁלָ͏ִם
And they came to Hilkiah the high priest, and delivered the money that was brought into the house of G-d, which the Levites, the keepers of the door, had gathered of the hand of Manasseh and Ephraim, and of all the remnant of Israel, and of all Judah and Benjamin, and they returned to Jerusalem.
Καὶ ἦλθον πρὸς Χελκίαν τὸν ἱερέα τὸν μέγαν, καὶ ἔδωκαν τὸ ἀργύριον τὸ εἰσενεχθὲν εἰς οἶκον Θεοῦ, ὃ συνήγαγον οἱ Λευῖται φυλάσσοντες τὴν πύλην ἐκ χειρὸς Μανασσῆ καὶ Ἐφραὶμ, καὶ τῶν ἀρχόντων, καὶ ἀπὸ παντὸς καταλοίπου ἐν Ἰσραὴλ, καὶ υἱῶν Ἰούδα καὶ Βενιαμὶν, καὶ οἰκούντων ἐν Ἱερουσαλήμ.
And they came to Hilkiah the high priest, and gave the money that was brought into the house of God, which the Levites who kept the gate collected of the hand of Manasseh and Ephraim, and of the princes, and of everyone that was left in Israel, and of the children of Judah and Benjamin, and of the dwellers in Jerusalem.
10
וַיִּתְּנוּ עַל־יַד עֹשֵׂה הַמְּלָאכָה הַמֻּפְקָדִים בְּבֵית יְהוָה וַיִּתְּנוּ אֹתוֹ עוֹשֵׂי הַמְּלָאכָה אֲשֶׁר עֹשִׂים בְּבֵית יְהוָה לִבְדּוֹק וּלְחַזֵּק הַבָּיִת
And they delivered it into the hand of the workmen that had the oversight of the house of HaShem; and the workmen that wrought in the house of HaShem gave it to mend and repair the house;
Καὶ ἔδωκαν αὐτὸ ἐπὶ χεῖρα ποιούντων τὰ ἔργα, οἱ καθεσταμένοι ἐν οἴκῳ Κυρίου, καὶ ἔδωκαν αὐτὸ ποιοῦσι τὰ ἔργα οἳ ἐποίουν ἐν οἴκῳ Κυρίου, ἐπισκευάσαι καὶ κατισχύσαι τὸν οἶκον.
And they gave it into the hand of the workmen, who were appointed in the house of the Lord, and they gave it to the workmen who wrought in the house of the Lord, to repair and strengthen the house.
11
וַיִּתְּנוּ לֶחָרָשִׁים וְלַבֹּנִים לִקְנוֹת אַבְנֵי מַחְצֵב וְעֵצִים לַמְחַבְּרוֹת וּלְקָרוֹת אֶת־הַבָּתִּים אֲשֶׁר הִשְׁחִיתוּ מַלְכֵי יְהוּדָה
even to the carpenters and to the builders gave they it, to buy hewn stone, and timber for couplings, and to make beams for the houses which the kings of Judah had destroyed.
Καὶ ἔδωκαν τοῖς τέκτοσι καὶ τοῖς οἰκοδόμοις, ἀγοράσαι λίθους τετραπέδους καὶ ξύλα εἰς δοκοὺς στεγάσαι τοὺς οἴκους, οὓς ἐξωλόθρευσαν βασιλεῖς Ἰούδα.
They gave [it] also to the carpenters and builders, to buy squared stones, and timber for beams to cover the houses which the kings of Judah had destroyed.
12
וְהָאֲנָשִׁים עֹשִׂים בֶּאֱמוּנָה בַּמְּלָאכָה וַעֲלֵיהֶם מֻפְקָדִים יַחַת וְעֹבַדְיָהוּ הַלְוִיִּם מִן־בְּנֵי מְרָרִי וּזְכַרְיָה וּמְשֻׁלָּם מִן־בְּנֵי הַקְּהָתִים לְנַצֵּחַ וְהַלְוִיִּם כָּל־מֵבִין בִּכְלֵי־שִׁיר
And the men did the work faithfully; and the overseers of them were Jahath and Obadiah, the Levites, of the sons of Merari; and Zechariah and Meshullam, of the sons of the Kohathites, to preside over it; and other of the Levites, all that had skill with instruments of music.
Καὶ οἱ ἄνδρες ἐν πίστει ἐπὶ τῶν ἔργων· καὶ ἐπʼ αὐτῶν ἐπίσκοποι, Ἰὲθ καὶ Ἀβδίας οἱ Λευῖται ἐξ υἱῶν Μεραρὶ, καὶ Ζαχαρίας καὶ Μοσολλὰμ ἐκ τῶν υἱῶν Καὰθ ἐπισκοπεῖν, καὶ πᾶς Λευίτης, καὶ πᾶς συνιὼν ἐν ὀργάνοις ᾠδῶν.
And the men [were] faithfully [engaged] in the works: and over them were superintendents, Jahath and Obadiah, Levites of the sons of Merari, and Zechariah and Meshullam, of the sons of Kohath, [appointed] to oversee; and every Levite, and everyone that understood [how] to play on musical instruments.
13
וְעַל הַסַּבָּלִים וּמְנַצְּחִים לְכֹל עֹשֵׂה מְלָאכָה לַעֲבוֹדָה וַעֲבוֹדָה וּמֵהַלְוִיִּם סוֹפְרִים וְשֹׁטְרִים וְשׁוֹעֲרִים
Also they were over the bearers of burdens, and presided over all that did the work in every manner of service; and of the Levites there were scribes, and officers, and porters.
Καὶ ἐπὶ τῶν νωτοφόρων, καὶ ἐπὶ πάντων τῶν ποιούντων τὰ ἔργα, ἐργασίᾳ καὶ ἐργασίᾳ· καὶ ἀπὸ τῶν Λευιτῶν γπαμματεῖς καὶ κριταὶ καὶ πυλωροί.
And [overseers were] over the burden-bearers, and over all the workmen in the respective works; and of the Levites [were appointed] scribes, and judges, and porters.
14
וּבְהוֹצִיאָם אֶת־הַכֶּסֶף הַמּוּבָא בֵּית יְהוָה מָצָא חִלְקִיָּהוּ הַכֹּהֵן אֶת־סֵפֶר תּוֹרַת־יְהוָה בְּיַד־מֹשֶׁה
And when they brought out the money that was brought into the house of HaShem, Hilkiah the priest found the book of the Law of HaShem given by Moses.
Καὶ ἐν τῷ ἐκφέρειν αὐτοὺς τὸ ἀργύριον τὸ εἰσοδιασθὲν εἰς οἶκον Κυρίου, εὗρε Χελκίας ὁ ἱερεὺς βιβλίον νόμου Κυρίου διὰ χειρὸς Μωυσῆ.
And when they brought forth the money that had been brought into the house of the Lord, Hilkiah the priest found a book of the law of the Lord [given] by the hand of Moses.
15
וַיַּעַן חִלְקִיָּהוּ וַיֹּאמֶר אֶל־שָׁפָן הַסּוֹפֵר סֵפֶר הַתּוֹרָה מָצָאתִי בְּבֵית יְהוָה וַיִּתֵּן חִלְקִיָּהוּ אֶת־הַסֵּפֶר אֶל־שָׁפָן
and Hilkiah answered and said to Shaphan the scribe: 'I have found the book of the Law in the house of HaShem.' And Hilkiah delivered the book to Shaphan.
Καὶ ἀπεκρίθη Χελκίας, καὶ εἶπε πρὸς Σαφὰν τὸν γραμματέα, βιβλίον νόμου εὗρον ἐν οἴκῳ Κυρίου· καὶ ἔδωκε Χελκίας τὸ βιβλίον τῷ Σαφάν.
And Hilkiah answered and said to Shaphan the scribe, I have found a book of the law in the house of the Lord. And Hilkiah gave the book to Shaphan.
16
וַיָּבֵא שָׁפָן אֶת־הַסֵּפֶר אֶל־הַמֶּלֶךְ וַיָּשֶׁב עוֹד אֶת־הַמֶּלֶךְ דָּבָר לֵאמֹר כֹּל אֲשֶׁר־נִתַּן בְּיַד־עֲבָדֶיךָ הֵם עֹשִׂים
And Shaphan carried the book to the king, and moreover brought back word unto the king, saying: 'All that was committed to thy servants, they do it.
Καὶ εἰσήνεγκε Σαφὰν τὸ βιβλίον πρὸς τὸν βασιλέα, καὶ ἀπέδωκεν ἔτι τῷ βασιλεῖ λόγον, πᾶν τὸ δοθὲν ἀργύριον ἐν χειρὶ τῶν παίδων σον τῶν ποιούντων.
And Shaphan brought in the book to the king, and moreover gave an account to the king, [saying, This is] all the money given into the hand of thy servants that work.
17
וַיַּתִּיכוּ אֶת־הַכֶּסֶף הַנִּמְצָא בְּבֵית־יְהוָה וַיִּתְּנוּהוּ עַל־יַד הַמֻּפְקָדִים וְעַל־יַד עוֹשֵׂי הַמְּלָאכָה
And they have poured out the money that was found in the house of HaShem, and have delivered it into the hand of the overseers, and into the hand of the workmen.'
Καὶ ἐχώνευσαν τὸ ἀργύριον τὸ εὑρεθὲν ἐν οἴκῳ Κυρίου, καὶ ἔδωκαν ἐπὶ χεῖρα τῶν ἐπισκόπων, καὶ ἐπὶ χεῖρα τῶν ποιούντων τὴν ἐργασίαν.
And they have collected the money that was found in the house of the Lord, and given it into the hand of the overseers, and into the hand of them that do the work.
18
וַיַּגֵּד שָׁפָן הַסּוֹפֵר לַמֶּלֶךְ לֵאמֹר סֵפֶר נָתַן לִי חִלְקִיָּהוּ הַכֹּהֵן וַיִּקְרָא־בוֹ שָׁפָן לִפְנֵי הַמֶּלֶךְ
And Shaphan the scribe told the king, saying: 'Hilkiah the priest hath delivered me a book.' And Shaphan read therein before the king.
Καὶ ἀπήγγειλε Σαφὰν ὁ γραμματεὺς τῷ βασιλεῖ λόγον, λέγων, βιβλίον δέδωκέ μοι Χελκίας ὁ ἱερεύς· καὶ ἀνέγνω αὐτὸ Σαφὰν ἐναντίον τοῦ βασιλέως.
And Shaphan the scribe brought word to the king, saying, Hilkiah the priest has given me a book. And Shaphan read it before the king.
19
וַיְהִי כִּשְׁמֹעַ הַמֶּלֶךְ אֵת דִּבְרֵי הַתּוֹרָה וַיִּקְרַע אֶת־בְּגָדָיו
And it came to pass, when the king had heard the words of the Law, that he rent his clothes.
Καὶ ἐγένετο ὡς ἤκουσεν ὁ βασιλεὺς τοὺς λόηους τοῦ νόμου, καὶ διέῤῥηξε τὰ ἱμάτια αὐτοῦ.
And it came to pass, when the king heard the words of the law, that he rent his garments.
20
וַיְצַו הַמֶּלֶךְ אֶת־חִלְקִיָּהוּ וְאֶת־אֲחִיקָם בֶּן־שָׁפָן וְאֶת־עַבְדּוֹן בֶּן־מִיכָה וְאֵת שָׁפָן הַסּוֹפֵר וְאֵת עֲשָׂיָה עֶבֶד־הַמֶּלֶךְ לֵאמֹר
And the king commanded Hilkiah, and Ahikam the son of Shaphan, and Abdon the son of Micah, and Shaphan the scribe, and Asaiah the king's servant, saying:
Καὶ ἐνετείλατο ὁ βασιλεὺς τῷ Χελκίᾳ καὶ τῷ Ἀχικὰμ υἱῷ Σαφὰν καὶ τῷ Ἀβδὸμ υἱῷ Μιχαία καὶ τῷ Σαφὰν τῷ γραμματεῖ καὶ τῷ Ἀσαΐᾳ παιδὶ τοῦ βασιλέως, λέγων,
And the king commanded Hilkiah, and Ahikam the son of Shaphan, and Abdon the son of Micaiah, and Shaphan the scribe, and Asaiah the servant of the king, saying,
21
לְכוּ דִרְשׁוּ אֶת־יְהוָה בַּעֲדִי וּבְעַד הַנִּשְׁאָר בְּיִשְׂרָאֵל וּבִיהוּדָה עַל־דִּבְרֵי הַסֵּפֶר אֲשֶׁר נִמְצָא כִּי־גְדוֹלָה חֲמַת־יְהוָה אֲשֶׁר נִתְּכָה בָנוּ עַל אֲשֶׁר לֹא־שָׁמְרוּ אֲבוֹתֵינוּ אֶת־דְּבַר יְהוָה לַעֲשׂוֹת כְּכָל־הַכָּתוּב עַל־הַסֵּפֶר הַזֶּה
'Go ye, inquire of HaShem for me, and for them that are left in Israel and in Judah, concerning the words of the book that is found; for great is the wrath of HaShem that is poured out upon us, because our fathers have not kept the word of HaShem, to do according unto all that is written in this book.'
πορεύθητε, ζητήσατε τὸν Κύριον περὶ ἐμοῦ καὶ περὶ παντὸς τοῦ καταλειφθέντος ἐν Ἰσραὴλ καὶ Ἰούδα περὶ τῶν λόγων τοῦ βιβλίου τοῦ εὑρεθέντος, ὅτι μέγας ὁ θυμὸς Κυρίου ἐκκέκαυται ἐν ἡμῖν, διότι οὐκ εἰσήκουσαν οἱ πατέρες ἡμῶν τῶν λόγων Κυρίου, τοῦ ποιῆσαι κατὰ πάντα τὰ γεγραμμένα ἐν τῷ βιβλίῳ τούτῳ.
Go, inquire of the Lord for me, and for everyone that is left in Israel and Judah, concerning the words of the book that is found: for great is the wrath of the Lord [which] has been kindled amongst us, because our fathers have not hearkened to the words of the Lord, to do according to all the things written in this book.
22
וַיֵּלֶךְ חִלְקִיָּהוּ וַאֲשֶׁר הַמֶּלֶךְ אֶל־חֻלְדָּה הַנְּבִיאָה אֵשֶׁת שַׁלֻּם בֶּן־תוקהת תָּקְהַת בֶּן־חַסְרָה שׁוֹמֵר הַבְּגָדִים וְהִיא יוֹשֶׁבֶת בִּירוּשָׁלַ͏ִם בַּמִּשְׁנֶה וַיְדַבְּרוּ אֵלֶיהָ כָּזֹאת
So Hilkiah, and they whom the king had commanded, went to Huldah the prophetess, the wife of Shallum the son of Tokhath, the son of Hasrah, keeper of the wardrobe--now she dwelt in Jerusalem in the second quarter--and they spoke to her to that effect.
Καὶ ἐπορεύθη Χελκίας, καὶ οἷς εἶπεν ὁ βασιλεὺς, πρὸς Ὀλδὰν τὴν προφῆτιν, γυναῖκα Σελλὴμ υἱοῦ Θεκωὲ υἱοῦ Ἀρὰς, φυλάσσουσαν τὰς ἐντολὰς, καὶ αὕτη κατῴκει ἐν Ἱερουσαλὴμ ἐν μασαναὶ, καὶ ἐλάλησαν αὐτῇ κατὰ ταῦτα.
And Hilkiah went, and [the others] whom the king told, to Huldah the prophetess, the wife of Shallum son of Tokhath, son of Hasrah, who kept the commandments; and she dwelt in Jerusalem in the second [quarter]: and they spoke to her accordingly.
23
וַתֹּאמֶר לָהֶם כֹּה־אָמַר יְהוָה אֱלֹהֵי יִשְׂרָאֵל אִמְרוּ לָאִישׁ אֲשֶׁר־שָׁלַח אֶתְכֶם אֵלָי
And she said unto them: 'Thus saith HaShem, the G-d of Israel: Tell ye the man that sent you unto me:
Καὶ εἶπεν αὐτοῖς, οὕτως εἶπε Κύριος ὁ Θεὸς Ἰσραὴλ, εἴπατε τῷ ἀνδρὶ τῷ ἀποστείλαντι ὑμᾶς πρὸς μὲ,
And she said to them, Thus has the Lord God of Israel said, Tell the man who sent you to me,
24
כֹּה אָמַר יְהוָה הִנְנִי מֵבִיא רָעָה עַל־הַמָּקוֹם הַזֶּה וְעַל־יוֹשְׁבָיו אֵת כָּל־הָאָלוֹת הַכְּתוּבוֹת עַל־הַסֵּפֶר אֲשֶׁר קָרְאוּ לִפְנֵי מֶלֶךְ יְהוּדָה
Thus saith HaShem: Behold, I will bring evil upon this place, and upon the inhabitants thereof, even all the curses that are written in the book which they have read before the king of Judah;
οὕτω λέγει Κύριος, ἰδοὺ ἐγὼ ἐπάγω ἐπὶ τὸν τόπον τοῦτον κακὰ, τοὺς πάντας λόγους τοὺς γεγραμμένους ἐν τῷ βιβλίῳ τῷ ἀνεγνωσμένῳ ἐναντίον τοῦ βασιλέως Ἰούδα,
Thus saith the Lord, Behold, I bring evil upon this place, [even] all the words that are written in the book that was read before the king of Judah:
25
תַּחַת אֲשֶׁר עֲזָבוּנִי ויקטירו וַיְקַטְּרוּ לֵאלֹהִים אֲחֵרִים לְמַעַן הַכְעִיסֵנִי בְּכֹל מַעֲשֵׂי יְדֵיהֶם וְתִתַּךְ חֲמָתִי בַּמָּקוֹם הַזֶּה וְלֹא תִכְבֶּה
because they have forsaken Me, and have offered unto other gods, that they might provoke Me with all the works of their hands; therefore is My wrath poured out upon this place, and it shall not be quenched.
ἀνθʼ ὧν ἐγκατέλιπόν με καὶ ἐθυμίασαν θεοῖς ἀλλοτρίοις, ἵνα παροργίσωσίν με ἐν πᾶσιν τοῖς ἔργοις τῶν χειρῶν αὐτῶν· καὶ ἐξεκαύθη ὁ θυμός μου ἐν τῷ τόπῳ τούτῳ, καὶ οὐ σβεσθήσεται.
because they have forsaken me, and burned incense to strange gods, that they might provoke me by all the works of their hands; and my wrath is kindled against this place, and it shall not be quenched.
26
וְאֶל־מֶלֶךְ יְהוּדָה הַשֹּׁלֵחַ אֶתְכֶם לִדְרוֹשׁ בַּיהוָה כֹּה תֹאמְרוּ אֵלָיו כֹּה־אָמַר יְהוָה אֱלֹהֵי יִשְׂרָאֵל הַדְּבָרִים אֲשֶׁר שָׁמָעְתָּ
But unto the king of Judah, who sent you to inquire of HaShem, thus shall ye say to him: Thus saith HaShem, the G-d of Israel: As touching the words which thou hast heard,
Καὶ ἐπὶ βασιλέα Ἰούδα τὸν ἀποστείλαντα ὑμᾶς τοῦ ζητῆσαι τὸν Κύριον, οὕτως ἐρεῖτε αὐτῷ, οὕτω λέγει Κύριος ὁ Θεὸς Ἰσραὴλ, τοὺς λόγους οὓς ἤκουσας,
And concerning the king of Judah, who sent you to seek the Lord—thus shall ye say to him, Thus saith the Lord God of Israel, [As for] the words which thou hast heard,
27
יַעַן רַךְ־לְבָבְךָ וַתִּכָּנַע מִלִּפְנֵי אֱלֹהִים בְּשָׁמְעֲךָ אֶת־דְּבָרָיו עַל־הַמָּקוֹם הַזֶּה וְעַל־יֹשְׁבָיו וַתִּכָּנַע לְפָנַי וַתִּקְרַע אֶת־בְּגָדֶיךָ וַתֵּבְךְּ לְפָנָי וְגַם־אֲנִי שָׁמַעְתִּי נְאֻם־יְהוָה
because thy heart was tender, and thou didst humble thyself before G-d, when thou heardest His words against this place, and against the inhabitants thereof, and hast humbled thyself before Me, and hast rent thy clothes, and wept before Me; I also have heard thee, saith HaShem.
καὶ ἐνετράπη ἡ καρδία σου, καὶ ἐταπεινώθης ἀπὸ προσώπου μου ἐν τῷ ἀκοῦσαί σε τοὺς λόγους μου ἐπὶ τὸν τόπον τοῦτον καὶ ἐπὶ τοὺς κατοικοῦντας αὐτὸν, καὶ ἐταπεινώθης ἐναντίον μου, καὶ διέῤῥηξας τὰ ἱμάτιά σου, καὶ ἔκλαυσας κατεναντίον μου, καὶ ἐγὼ ἤκουσα, φησὶ Κύριος.
forasmuch as thy heart was ashamed, and thou wast humbled before me when thou heardest my words against this place, and against the inhabitants of it, and thou wast humbled before me, and didst rend thy garments, and didst weep before me; I also have heard, saith the Lord.
28
הִנְנִי אֹסִפְךָ אֶל־אֲבֹתֶיךָ וְנֶאֱסַפְתָּ אֶל־קִבְרֹתֶיךָ בְּשָׁלוֹם וְלֹא־תִרְאֶינָה עֵינֶיךָ בְּכֹל הָרָעָה אֲשֶׁר אֲנִי מֵבִיא עַל־הַמָּקוֹם הַזֶּה וְעַל־יֹשְׁבָיו וַיָּשִׁיבוּ אֶת־הַמֶּלֶךְ דָּבָר
Behold, I will gather thee to thy fathers, and thou shalt be gathered to thy grave in peace, neither shall thine eyes see all the evil that I will bring upon this place, and upon the inhabitants thereof.' And they brought back word unto the king.
Ἰδοὺ προστίθημί σε πρὸς τοὺς πατέρας σου, καὶ προστεθήσῃ πρὸς τὰ μνήματά σου ἐν εἰρήνῃ, καὶ οὐκ ὄψονται οἱ ὀφθαλμοί σου ἐν πᾶσι τοῖς κακοῖς οἷς ἐγὼ ἐπάγω ἐπὶ τὸν τόπον τοῦτον, καὶ ἐπὶ τοὺς κατοικοῦντας αὐτόν. Καὶ ἀπέδωκαν τῷ βασιλεῖ λόγον.
Behold, I [will] gather thee to thy fathers, and thou shalt be gathered to thy grave in peace, and thine eyes shall not look upon all the evils which I am bringing upon this place, and upon the inhabitants of it. And they brought back word to the king.
29
וַיִּשְׁלַח הַמֶּלֶךְ וַיֶּאֱסֹף אֶת־כָּל־זִקְנֵי יְהוּדָה וִירוּשָׁלָ͏ִם
Then the king sent and gathered together all the elders of Judah and Jerusalem.
Καὶ ἀπέστειλεν ὁ βασιλεὺς, καὶ συνήγαγε τοὺς πρεσβυτέρους Ἰούδα καὶ Ἱερουσαλήμ.
And the king sent and gathered the elders of Judah and Jerusalem.
30
וַיַּעַל הַמֶּלֶךְ בֵּית־יְהוָה וְכָל־אִישׁ יְהוּדָה וְיֹשְׁבֵי יְרוּשָׁלִַם וְהַכֹּהֲנִים וְהַלְוִיִּם וְכָל־הָעָם מִגָּדוֹל וְעַד־קָטָן וַיִּקְרָא בְאָזְנֵיהֶם אֶת־כָּל־דִּבְרֵי סֵפֶר הַבְּרִית הַנִּמְצָא בֵּית יְהוָה
And the king went up to the house of HaShem, and all the men of Judah and the inhabitants of Jerusalem, and the priests, and the Levites, and all the people, both great and small; and he read in their ears all the words of the book of the covenant that was found in the house of HaShem.
Καὶ ἀνέβη ὁ βασιλεὺς εἰς οἶκον Κυρίου, καὶ πᾶς Ἰούδα, καὶ οἱ κατοικοῦντες Ἱερουσαλὴμ, καὶ οἱ ἱερεῖς, καὶ οἱ Λευῖται, καὶ πᾶς ὁ λαὸς ἀπὸ μικροῦ ἕως μεγάλου, καὶ ἀνέγνω ἐν ὠσὶν αὐτῶν πάντας λόγους βιβλίου τῆς διαθήκης τοὺς εὑρεθέντας ἐν οἴκῳ Κυρίου.
And the king went up to the house of the Lord, [he] and all Judah, and the inhabitants of Jerusalem, and the priests, and the Levites, and all the people great and small: and he read in their ears all the words of the book of the covenant that were found in the house of the Lord.
31
וַיַּעֲמֹד הַמֶּלֶךְ עַל־עָמְדוֹ וַיִּכְרֹת אֶת־הַבְּרִית לִפְנֵי יְהוָה לָלֶכֶת אַחֲרֵי יְהוָה וְלִשְׁמוֹר אֶת־מִצְוֺתָיו וְעֵדְוֺתָיו וְחֻקָּיו בְּכָל־לְבָבוֹ וּבְכָל־נַפְשׁוֹ לַעֲשׂוֹת אֶת־דִּבְרֵי הַבְּרִית הַכְּתוּבִים עַל־הַסֵּפֶר הַזֶּה
And the king stood in his place, and made a covenant before HaShem, to walk after HaShem, and to keep His commandments, and His testimonies, and His statutes, with all his heart, and with all his soul, to perform the words of the covenant that were written in this book.
Καὶ ἔστη ὁ βασιλεὺς ἐπὶ τὸν στύλον, καὶ διέθετο διαθήκην ἐναντίον Κυρίου, τοῦ πορευθῆναι ἐνώπιον Κυρίου, τοῦ φυλάσσειν τὰς ἐντολὰς αὐτοῦ, καὶ μαρτύρια, καὶ προστάγματα αὐτοῦ ἐν ὅλῃ καρδίᾳ, καὶ ἐν ὅλῃ ψυχῇ, ὥστε ποιεῖν τοὺς λόγους τῆς διαθήκης τοὺς γεγραμμένους ἐπὶ τῷ βιβλίῳ τούτῳ.
And the king stood at a pillar, and made a covenant before the Lord, to walk before the Lord, to keep his commandments and testimonies, and his ordinances, with all [his] heart and with all [his] soul, so as to perform the words of the covenant that were written in this book.
32
וַיַּעֲמֵד אֵת כָּל־הַנִּמְצָא בִירוּשָׁלַ͏ִם וּבִנְיָמִן וַיַּעֲשׂוּ יֹשְׁבֵי יְרוּשָׁלִַם כִּבְרִית אֱלֹהִים אֱלֹהֵי אֲבוֹתֵיהֶם
And he caused all that were found in Jerusalem and Benjamin to stand to it. And the inhabitants of Jerusalem did according to the covenant of G-d, the G-d of their fathers.
Καὶ ἔστησε πάντας τοὺς εὑρεθέντας ἐν Ἱερουσαλὴμ καὶ Βενιαμίν· καὶ ἐποίησαν οἱ κατοικοῦντες Ἱερουσαλὴμ διαθήκην ἐν οἴκῳ Κυρίου Θεοῦ πατέρων αὐτῶν.
And he caused all that were found in Jerusalem and Benjamin to stand; and the inhabitants of Jerusalem made a covenant in the house of the Lord God of their fathers.
33
וַיָּסַר יֹאשִׁיָּהוּ אֶת־כָּל־הַתּוֹעֵבוֹת מִכָּל־הָאֲרָצוֹת אֲשֶׁר לִבְנֵי יִשְׂרָאֵל וַיַּעֲבֵד אֵת כָּל־הַנִּמְצָא בְּיִשְׂרָאֵל לַעֲבוֹד אֶת־יְהוָה אֱלֹהֵיהֶם כָּל־יָמָיו לֹא סָרוּ מֵאַחֲרֵי יְהוָה אֱלֹהֵי אֲבוֹתֵיהֶם
And Josiah took away all the abominations out of all the countries that pertained to the children of Israel, and made all that were found in Israel to serve, even to serve HaShem their G-d. All his days they departed not from following HaShem, the G-d of their fathers.
Καὶ περιεῖλεν Ἰωσίας τὰ πάντα βδελύγματα ἐκ πάσης τῆς γῆς, ἣ ἦν υἱῶν Ἰσραὴλ, καὶ ἐποίησε πάντας τοὺς εὑρεθέντας ἐν Ἱερουσαλὴμ καὶ ἐν Ἰσραὴλ, τοῦ δουλεύειν Κυρίῳ Θεῷ αὐτῶν πάσας τὰς ἡμέρας αὐτοῦ· οὐκ ἐξέκλινεν ἀπὸ ὄπισθε Κυρίου Θεοῦ πατέρων αὐτοῦ.
And Josiah removed all the abominations out of the whole land which belonged to the children of Israel, and caused all that were found in Jerusalem and in Israel, to serve the Lord their God all his days: he departed not from following the Lord God of his fathers.

How it works

A parallel reader for the Hebrew Bible and its oldest witnesses: the Masoretic text, the Samaritan Pentateuch, the Dead Sea Scrolls and the Septuagint, each with an English translation where one is available.

Reading a chapter

Choose a book and chapter at the top, or type a reference into Go to (Isa 53:11, 1 Sam 3, sam 3:4, ii kgs 2, ben sira 51). Book names can be abbreviated; a name shared by numbered books (sam, kings, chr, macc) opens the first of them unless you add the number. The arrow keys move between chapters, and the address bar keeps a link to the verse you clicked, so you can bookmark or share a place.

Each row is one verse. Rows follow the Masoretic verse numbering, so the Hebrew, JPS and Samaritan columns line up exactly. The Septuagint is numbered differently in many places (Psalms, Jeremiah, Exodus 35–40, parts of Kings, Proverbs, Daniel, and dozens of chapter boundaries). Its verses are placed against their Masoretic counterparts, and a small tag such as 50:3 shows the Septuagint's own number when it differs. Greek verses that have no Masoretic counterpart (for example the Prayer of Azariah in Daniel 3) appear in reading order as separate rows marked LXX.

Columns

The chips at the top switch columns on and off. Drag a chip (or a column heading) to reorder; with a chip focused, the ← → keys move it. Your choice is remembered. The Samaritan columns appear only in Genesis–Deuteronomy; the scrolls column appears wherever a manuscript survives, including Ben Sira. Columns marked † are licensed for non-commercial use only.

Words: lexicon and concordance

Hover over any Hebrew word (Masoretic, Samaritan or scroll) or any Greek word to see its dictionary form, Strong's number, a short gloss and its grammar. Click the word to open the concordance on the right: the full lexicon entry, then every occurrence, grouped by book — for Hebrew, separately for the Masoretic text, the Samaritan Pentateuch and the scrolls (with the manuscript named). Click a reference to go there; every form of the word in the chapter is highlighted. You can also type a word or a Strong's number into Lexicon at the top.

In the Masoretic text, a Ketiv (the written form, unpointed) is shown in grey immediately before its Qere (the form read aloud); both carry the Qere's dictionary entry.

Variants

The Samaritan Pentateuch and every scroll are compared word by word with the Masoretic text of the same verse:

In the scrolls, letters in brackets are a modern editor's reconstruction and are never counted as variants; letters with a dotted overline are uncertain; ◦ is a trace of an unreadable letter. Manuscripts written in paleo-Hebrew script, and divine names that square-script scrolls write in paleo-Hebrew, are shown in paleo-Hebrew letters (switchable under Display). Hover a manuscript to see its edition. Display → Dead Sea Scrolls can hide the manuscripts that agree with the Masoretic text, or strip the reconstructions to show only what survives.

The comparison is automatic. It aligns words by spelling, so a transposition or a long rewritten passage can be marked imperfectly, and the spelling rule cannot tell a suffix from a vowel letter. Treat the colours as a finding aid and check a critical edition before building an argument on a reading.

Books outside the Hebrew Bible

Besides the Septuagint-only books, the book list has 1 Enoch and Jubilees (“Other ancient books”), shown in R. H. Charles's English with the Qumran copies beside them, and Psalms has a chapter 151. Their scroll copies — like those of Tobit and Ben Sira — have no verse numbers in the data: each fragment is placed by its published identification, and its lines are spread over those verses, so treat the exact verse boundaries as approximate. Aramaic copies (Tobit 4Q196–199 and all of Enoch) are marked “Aramaic” and have no word lookups.

Rabbinic citations

The small ❝ under a verse number opens the passages of rabbinic literature that cite that verse — Mishnah, Tosefta, both Talmuds, Midrash, Targum and Kabbalah (and, if you tick the box, later halakhah, liturgy and thought) — fetched live from Sefaria, so it needs an internet connection. Each passage is listed with Sefaria's date for the work it comes from and a link to read it there. Sefaria's links include allusions and discussions as well as quotations; those it classes as quotations are marked. It works for the Hebrew Bible, Ben Sira (by Kahana's numbering, e.g. the Talmud's quotations of Ben Sira), Tobit and Jubilees. For 1 Enoch, which the rabbis do not quote, it lists instead the Zohar's passages about a “Book of Enoch”.

How the Septuagint is aligned

Each Greek verse is placed by combining three things: the standard table of Septuagint–Masoretic verse correspondences (SIL's lxx.vrs), the table of Masoretic–English numbering differences, and a comparison of the English of Brenton's Septuagint with the JPS English, which confirms each pairing and catches displaced verses. Where no Masoretic verse is similar enough, the Greek verse stands on its own row.

The Greek word data

No openly licensed word-by-word analysis of Brenton's Greek exists, so each Greek word is matched to the most frequent analysis of the same form in the openly licensed Swete Septuagint (Morpheus parser), then to a lexicon entry. About 95% of words are identified. Parses of ambiguous forms (e.g. αὐτοῦ, τοῦ) can be wrong; the card says "automatic parse" as a reminder.

About the texts

What each column is, where it comes from, and what to keep in mind when reading it.

Masoretic Text — Westminster Leningrad Codex

The Masoretic text is the Hebrew Bible as transmitted by the Masoretes, scribal scholars active in Tiberias and elsewhere roughly from the 7th to the 10th century, who fixed its vowel points, accents and marginal notes (the Masorah) around a consonantal text that was already essentially stable by the 1st–2nd century CE. The Leningrad Codex (St Petersburg, Firkovich I B 19 A), copied in 1008/1009 CE in the Ben Asher tradition, is the oldest complete manuscript of the Hebrew Bible; the slightly older Aleppo Codex lost most of the Torah in 1947. It is the base of the standard critical editions (BHK, BHS, BHQ).

The Westminster Leningrad Codex is the public-domain digital transcription of it maintained by the J. Alan Groves Center at Westminster Theological Seminary. In this edition a Ketiv appears as its own unpointed word before the pointed Qere.

JPS 1917 — The Holy Scriptures according to the Masoretic Text

The first English Bible translation produced by a committee of Jewish scholars for the Jewish Publication Society of America, under Max L. Margolis as editor-in-chief, published in 1917. Its language deliberately follows the cadence of the King James and Revised Versions, but its renderings follow the Masoretic text and Jewish exegetical tradition, and it keeps the Hebrew chapter and verse numbering. It is in the public domain; its successor, the New JPS (Tanakh, 1985), is not. The electronic edition used here writes the divine names as “HaShem” and “G-d”.

Septuagint — Brenton's Greek text and the Updated Brenton English

The Septuagint is the Jewish translation of the Hebrew scriptures into Greek. The Torah was translated in Alexandria in the 3rd century BCE (the Letter of Aristeas tells the legend of 72 translators under Ptolemy II); the other books followed over the next two centuries. Because it was made from Hebrew manuscripts older than the Masoretic text, it often preserves a different Hebrew text: Jeremiah is about one-seventh shorter and differently ordered (a shorter Hebrew text of this type survives at Qumran in 4QJerb,d), Job is about one-sixth shorter, and Esther and Daniel have long additions. It was the Bible of Philo, Josephus and the New Testament writers, and became the Old Testament of the Greek church, which in turn led Jewish translators (Aquila, Symmachus, Theodotion) to produce closer revisions.

Sir Lancelot C. L. Brenton published an English translation in 1844 and a Greek–English edition in 1851. His Greek is essentially the Sixtine (Roman) edition of 1587, which follows the 4th-century Codex Vaticanus. It is older and less critical than the modern editions of Rahlfs (1935) and Göttingen, which are under copyright. The English column is the Updated Brenton (Adam Boyd, 2020), Brenton's translation with modernised spelling and wording, dedicated to the public domain.

Samaritan Pentateuch †

The Torah as preserved by the Samaritan community of Mount Gerizim (Nablus), written in the Samaritan script, a descendant of the paleo-Hebrew alphabet. It differs from the Masoretic text in about 6,000 places, most of them spelling or grammar; in about 1,900 of them it agrees with the Septuagint. Some readings are distinctively Samaritan, above all the commandment to build an altar on Mount Gerizim added after the Ten Commandments (Exod 20:17; Deut 5:21) and “Gerizim” for “Ebal” in Deut 27:4. Many others — harmonising expansions that copy one passage into its parallel — are shared with “pre-Samaritan” Qumran manuscripts such as 4QpaleoExodm and 4QNumb, showing that the text type is older than the Samaritan schism.

European scholars learned of it in 1616, when Pietro della Valle brought a manuscript from Damascus; it was printed in the Paris (1645) and London (1657) Polyglots, collated by Benjamin Kennicott (1776–80) and edited critically by August von Gall (1914–18). The Hebrew here is Aleksandr Sigalov's digital text, based on Kennicott and checked against von Gall; the English is Sigalov's adaptation of the King James Version to the Samaritan readings. For modern scholarship see Abraham Tal's edition of MS Shechem 6 and Stefan Schorch's critical editio maior.

Dead Sea Scrolls and other Judean Desert manuscripts †

Between 1947 and 1956 the remains of about 950 manuscripts were found in eleven caves near Khirbet Qumran. Some 230 are biblical — every book of the Hebrew Bible except Esther is represented, from tiny fragments to the complete Great Isaiah Scroll (1QIsaa) — dating from about 250 BCE to 68 CE. They are a thousand years older than the Leningrad Codex. Most are close to the ancestor of the Masoretic text (“proto-Masoretic”), but others agree with the Septuagint (4QJerb, 4QSama in places), with the Samaritan text type, or with neither — evidence that several forms of the text circulated side by side before the Masoretic text prevailed.

Manuscripts from other sites fill out the picture: Masada (before its fall in 73/74 CE; excavated by Yigael Yadin, 1963–65) and the Bar Kokhba refuges of Wadi Murabba'at and Naḥal Ḥever (132–135 CE), whose biblical texts are already virtually identical with the Masoretic text, as well as Naḥal Ṣe'elim, Wadi Sdeir and Naḥal Arugot. The official publication is the Discoveries in the Judaean Desert series (Oxford, 1955–2010).

The transcriptions here are those of Martin G. Abegg Jr., James E. Bowley and Edward M. Cook, as converted by the Eep Talstra Centre for Bible and Computer (ETCBC). Each manuscript is labelled with its siglum (e.g. 4QIsad), its DJD number, its find-site and the column or fragment and line. Besides the biblical manuscripts, the copies of Ben Sira, Tobit, 1 Enoch, Jubilees and Psalm 151 are shown under those books. Not every manuscript is in the dataset — notably the Greek scrolls (such as the Greek Minor Prophets from Naḥal Ḥever) are absent, and the Masada Ben Sira scroll is added separately (see Ben Sira).

Ben Sira

The Wisdom of Yeshua ben Eleazar ben Sira, composed in Hebrew in Jerusalem around 190–180 BCE and translated into Greek by his grandson in Egypt after 132 BCE (his prologue explains the difficulty of rendering Hebrew into Greek). It belongs to the Septuagint and to the Catholic and Orthodox canons (Latin Ecclesiasticus) but not to the Jewish one, although the Talmud and midrash quote it. Its Hebrew text was lost to the West until 1896, when Solomon Schechter, Agnes Lewis and Margaret Gibson identified medieval copies in the Cairo Genizah; ancient Hebrew copies then emerged at Qumran and Masada.

About two-thirds of the Hebrew is now known, from six medieval Genizah manuscripts (A–F, 10th–12th century) and three ancient ones: 2QSir (2Q18; Sir 6:14–15, 20–32), the acrostic of Sir 51:13–20, 30 in the Psalms Scroll 11QPsa (columns 21–22), and the Masada scroll (Mas1h), found by Yigael Yadin in 1964 in a casemate room of the fortress and published in 1965: seven columns with Sir 39:27–44:17, copied in the early 1st century BCE, little more than a century after the author. Its agreement with Genizah manuscript B showed that the medieval copies descend from the ancient Hebrew rather than from a translation back from Greek or Syriac.

Here the book is shown in Brenton's Greek and English. The Hebrew column is the Kahana edition, as transcribed on Hebrew Wikisource and distributed by Sefaria (CC BY-SA): a running text built on the Genizah manuscripts, in which words in [brackets] are Kahana's restorations; chapters with no surviving Hebrew are empty. Kahana numbers the verses in the Hebrew order — in the Greek, two blocks of chapters 30–36 are transposed — so his verses have been matched to Brenton's by content for this site, with his own number shown as “Heb.” where it differs. The scrolls column has the three ancient witnesses; the Masada text is Eric Reymond's transcription from bensira.org. Their placement was made for this site by matching the text; there is no Masoretic text to compare them with, so no variants are marked.

Psalm 151

The Septuagint Psalter ends with a short psalm “outside the number”, in which David recalls tending his father's sheep, his anointing and his victory over Goliath. It belongs to the Greek, Syriac and Ethiopic Bibles but not to the Hebrew one, and was long thought to have been composed in Greek — until the Psalms Scroll from Qumran Cave 11 (11QPsa, published by James Sanders in 1965) turned out to contain a longer Hebrew original in its 28th column, as two poems (151A on David's music and anointing, 151B, broken off, on Goliath). The Greek is a condensed translation of them. The psalm is shown as chapter 151 of Psalms, with the scroll's lines under the Greek verses they correspond to.

Tobit

A Jewish novella of the Eastern diaspora (probably 3rd–2nd century BCE): the pious exile Tobit, blinded in Nineveh, sends his son Tobias to recover money in Media, guided by the angel Raphael in disguise; on the way Tobias marries Sarah and drives off the demon Asmodeus. It is in the Septuagint and the Catholic and Orthodox canons. It survives in two Greek forms — a shorter one (Codices Vaticanus and Alexandrinus, printed by Brenton) and a longer one (Codex Sinaiticus) — and the Qumran copies, four in Aramaic (4Q196–199) and one in Hebrew (4Q200), published by Joseph Fitzmyer in 1995, side with the longer form, which is now generally taken as nearer the original. Their verse placement here follows Fitzmyer's identifications.

1 Enoch

A collection of five works ascribed to Enoch, the seventh from Adam who “walked with God” (Gen 5:24): the Book of the Watchers (ch. 1–36, 3rd century BCE), on the angels who descended to the daughters of men; the Parables (37–71); the Astronomical Book (72–82); the Dream Visions (83–90), with the “Animal Apocalypse” of Israel's history; and the Epistle of Enoch (91–108). It is quoted in the Letter of Jude (1:14–15) and is canonical in the Ethiopian Orthodox Church, whose Ge'ez version is the only complete text; Greek survives for about a third. Józef Milik published the Aramaic fragments from Qumran Cave 4 in 1976: eleven copies, covering every part except the Parables, the oldest from around 200 BCE. The English is R. H. Charles's 1917 translation from the Ethiopic (public domain). The Astronomical scrolls (4Q208–211) contain a much longer calendar than the Ethiopic; only their few passages that match chapters 76–82 are placed.

Jubilees

A retelling of Genesis and Exodus 1–14 as revealed to Moses on Sinai by an “angel of the presence”, dated by a calendar of 49-year jubilees and a 364-day solar year (mid-2nd century BCE). Like 1 Enoch it is canonical only in the Ethiopian church, whose Ge'ez version is the only complete text; parts survive in Latin, Syriac and Greek quotations. Fragments of about fifteen Hebrew copies were found at Qumran, more than of most biblical books, and are published in DJD 13 (VanderKam and Milik, 1994) and DJD 23. The English is R. H. Charles's 1917 translation (public domain).

Lexicon and concordance data

Hebrew words carry the analysis of STEPBible's Translators Amalgamated Hebrew OT (Tyndale House, Cambridge): extended Strong's numbers — James Strong's 1890 numbering, subdivided to follow the Brown–Driver–Briggs lexicon (1906) — with morphology from the ETCBC and an abridged BDB for definitions. Samaritan and scroll words take the analysis of the Masoretic word they correspond to, or, where they differ, of the same written form elsewhere in the Masoretic text. Greek words are matched through the Swete Septuagint and the Morpheus parser to STEPBible's Greek lexicon, which draws on Abbott-Smith (1922) and Liddell–Scott–Jones.

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