Textorah

I Kings 1

1
וְהַמֶּלֶךְ דָּוִד זָקֵן בָּא בַּיָּמִים וַיְכַסֻּהוּ בַּבְּגָדִים וְלֹא יִחַם לוֹ
NOW KING David was old and stricken in years; and they covered him with clothes, but he could get no heat.
ΚΑΙ ὁ βασιλεὺς Δαυὶδ πρεσβύτερος προβεβηκὼς ἡμέραις, καὶ περιέβαλλον αὐτὸν ἱματίοις, καὶ οὐκ ἐθερμαίνετο.
And King David [was] old and advanced in days, and they covered him with clothes, and he was not warmed.
2
וַיֹּאמְרוּ לוֹ עֲבָדָיו יְבַקְשׁוּ לַאדֹנִי הַמֶּלֶךְ נַעֲרָה בְתוּלָה וְעָמְדָה לִפְנֵי הַמֶּלֶךְ וּתְהִי־לוֹ סֹכֶנֶת וְשָׁכְבָה בְחֵיקֶךָ וְחַם לַאדֹנִי הַמֶּלֶךְ
Wherefore his servants said unto him: 'Let there be sought for my lord the king a young virgin; and let her stand before the king, and be a companion unto him; and let her lie in thy bosom, that my lord the king may get heat.'
Καὶ εἶπον οἱ παῖδες αὐτοῦ, ζητησάτωσαν τῷ βασιλεῖ παρθένον νεάνιδα, καὶ παραστήσεται τῷ βασιλεῖ, καὶ ἔσται αὐτὸν θάλπουσα, καὶ κοιμηθήσεται μετʼ αὐτοῦ, καὶ θερμανθήσεται ὁ κύριός μου ὁ βασιλεύς.
And his servants said, Let them seek for the king a young virgin, and she shall wait on the king, and cherish him, and lie with him, and my lord the king shall be warmed.
3
וַיְבַקְשׁוּ נַעֲרָה יָפָה בְּכֹל גְּבוּל יִשְׂרָאֵל וַיִּמְצְאוּ אֶת־אֲבִישַׁג הַשּׁוּנַמִּית וַיָּבִאוּ אֹתָהּ לַמֶּלֶךְ
So they sought for a fair damsel throughout all the borders of Israel, and found Abishag the Shunammite, and brought her to the king.
Καὶ ἐζήτησαν νεάνιδα καλὴν ἐκ παντὸς ὁρίου Ἰσραήλ· καὶ εὗρον τὴν Ἀβισὰγ τὴν Σωμανίτιν, καὶ ἤνεγκαν αὐτὴν πρὸς τὸν βασιλέα.
So they sought for a fair damsel out of all the coasts of Israel; and they found Abishag the Shunammite, and they brought her to the king.
4
וְהַנַּעֲרָה יָפָה עַד־מְאֹד וַתְּהִי לַמֶּלֶךְ סֹכֶנֶת וַתְּשָׁרְתֵהוּ וְהַמֶּלֶךְ לֹא יְדָעָהּ
And the damsel was very fair; and she became a companion unto the king, and ministered to him; but the king knew her not.
Καὶ ἡ νεᾶνις καλὴ ἕως σφόδρα· καὶ ἦν θάλπουσα τὸν βασιλέα, καὶ ἐλειτούργει αὐτῷ· καὶ ὁ βασιλεὺς οὐκ ἔγνω αὐτήν.
And the damsel was extremely beautiful, and she cherished the king, and ministered to him, but the king knew her not.
5
וַאֲדֹנִיָּה בֶן־חַגִּית מִתְנַשֵּׂא לֵאמֹר אֲנִי אֶמְלֹךְ וַיַּעַשׂ לוֹ רֶכֶב וּפָרָשִׁים וַחֲמִשִּׁים אִישׁ רָצִים לְפָנָיו
Now Adonijah the son of Haggith exalted himself, saying: 'I will be king'; and he prepared him chariots and horsemen, and fifty men to run before him.
Καὶ Ἀδωνίας υἱὸς Ἀγγὶθ ἐπῄρετο, λέγων, ἐγὼ βασιλεύσω· καὶ ἐποίησεν ἑαυτῷ ἅρματα καὶ ἱππεῖς, καὶ πεντήκοντα ἄνδρας παρατρέχειν ἔμπροσθεν αὐτοῦ.
And Adonijah the son of Haggith exalted himself, saying, I will be king; and he prepared for himself chariots and horses, and fifty men to run before him.
6
וְלֹא־עֲצָבוֹ אָבִיו מִיָּמָיו לֵאמֹר מַדּוּעַ כָּכָה עָשִׂיתָ וְגַם־הוּא טוֹב־תֹּאַר מְאֹד וְאֹתוֹ יָלְדָה אַחֲרֵי אַבְשָׁלוֹם
And his father had not grieved him all his life in saying: 'Why hast thou done so?' and he was also a very goodly man; and he was born after Absalom.
Καὶ οὐκ ἀπεκώλυσεν αὐτὸν ὁ πατὴρ αὐτοῦ οὐδέποτε, λέγων, διατί σὺ ἐποίησας; καὶ γε αὐτὸς ὡραῖος τῇ ὄψει σφόδρα, καὶ αὐτὸν ἔτεκεν ὀπίσω Ἀβεσσαλώμ.
And his father never at any time checked him, saying, Why hast thou done [thus]? and he was also very handsome in appearance, and his mother bore him after Absalom.
7
וַיִּהְיוּ דְבָרָיו עִם יוֹאָב בֶּן־צְרוּיָה וְעִם אֶבְיָתָר הַכֹּהֵן וַיַּעְזְרוּ אַחֲרֵי אֲדֹנִיָּה
And he conferred with Joab the son of Zeruiah, and with Abiathar the priest; and they following Adonijah helped him.
Καὶ ἐγένοντο οἱ λόγοι αὐτοῦ μετὰ Ἰωὰβ τοῦ υἱοῦ Σαρουίας, καὶ μετὰ Ἀβιάθαρ τοῦ ἱερέως, καὶ ἐβοήθουν ὀπίσω Ἀδωνίου.
And he conferred with Joab the son of Zeruiah, and with Abiathar the priest, and they followed after Adonijah.
8
וְצָדוֹק הַכֹּהֵן וּבְנָיָהוּ בֶן־יְהוֹיָדָע וְנָתָן הַנָּבִיא וְשִׁמְעִי וְרֵעִי וְהַגִּבּוֹרִים אֲשֶׁר לְדָוִד לֹא הָיוּ עִם־אֲדֹנִיָּהוּ
But Zadok the priest, and Benaiah the son of Jehoiada, and Nathan the prophet, and Shimei, and Rei, and the mighty men that belonged to David, were not with Adonijah.
Καὶ Σαδὼκ ὁ ἱερεὺς, καὶ Βαναίας υἱὸς Ἰωδαὲ, καὶ Νάθαν ὁ προφήτης, καὶ Σεμεῒ, καὶ Ῥησὶ, καὶ υἱοὶ δυνατοὶ τοῦ Δαυὶδ, οὐκ ἦσαν ὀπίσω Ἀδωνίου.
But Zadok the priest, and Benaiah the son of Jehoiada, and Nathan the prophet, and Shimei, and Rei, and the mighty men of David, did not follow Adonijah.
9
וַיִּזְבַּח אֲדֹנִיָּהוּ צֹאן וּבָקָר וּמְרִיא עִם אֶבֶן הַזֹּחֶלֶת אֲשֶׁר־אֵצֶל עֵין רֹגֵל וַיִּקְרָא אֶת־כָּל־אֶחָיו בְּנֵי הַמֶּלֶךְ וּלְכָל־אַנְשֵׁי יְהוּדָה עַבְדֵי הַמֶּלֶךְ
And Adonijah slew sheep and oxen and fatlings by the stone of Zoheleth, which is beside En-rogel; and he called all his brethren the king's sons, and all the men of Judah the king's servants;
Καὶ ἐθυσίασεν Ἀδωνίας πρόβατα καὶ μόσχους καὶ ἄρνας μετὰ αἰθῆ τοῦ Ζωελεθὶ, ὃς ἦν ἐχόμενα τῆς Ῥωγήλ· καὶ ἐκάλεσε πάντας τοὺς ἀδελφοὺς αὐτοῦ, καὶ πάντας τοὺς ἁδροὺς Ἰούδα παῖδας τοῦ βασιλέως.
And Adonijah sacrificed sheep and calves and lambs by the stone of Zoelethi, which was near Rogel: and he called all his brethren, and all the adult [men] of Judah, servants of the king.
10
וְאֶת־נָתָן הַנָּבִיא וּבְנָיָהוּ וְאֶת־הַגִּבּוֹרִים וְאֶת־שְׁלֹמֹה אָחִיו לֹא קָרָא
but Nathan the prophet, and Benaiah, and the mighty men, and Solomon his brother, he called not.
Καὶ Νάθαν τὸν προφήτην, καὶ Βαναίαν, καὶ τοὺς δυνατοὺς, καὶ τὸν Σαλωμὼν ἀδελφὸν αὐτοῦ, οὐκ ἐκάλεσε.
But Nathan the prophet, and Benaiah, and the mighty [men], and Solomon his brother, he did not call.
11
וַיֹּאמֶר נָתָן אֶל־בַּת־שֶׁבַע אֵם־שְׁלֹמֹה לֵאמֹר הֲלוֹא שָׁמַעַתְּ כִּי מָלַךְ אֲדֹנִיָּהוּ בֶן־חַגִּית וַאֲדֹנֵינוּ דָוִד לֹא יָדָע
Then Nathan spoke unto Bath-sheba the mother of Solomon, saying: 'Hast thou not heard that Adonijah the son of Haggith doth reign, and David our lord knoweth it not?
Καὶ εἶπε Νάθαν πρὸς Βηρσαβεὲ μητέρα Σαλωμὼν, λέγων, οὐκ ἤκουσας ὅτι ἐβασίλευσεν Ἀδωνίας υἱὸς Ἀγγὶθ, καὶ ὁ κύριος ἡμῶν Δαυὶδ οὐκ ἔγνω;
And Nathan spoke to Bathsheba the mother of Solomon, saying, Hast thou not heard that Adonijah the son of Haggith reigns, and our lord David knows it not?
12
וְעַתָּה לְכִי אִיעָצֵךְ נָא עֵצָה וּמַלְּטִי אֶת־נַפְשֵׁךְ וְאֶת־נֶפֶשׁ בְּנֵךְ שְׁלֹמֹה
Now therefore come, let me, I pray thee, give thee counsel, that thou mayest save thine own life, and the life of thy son Solomon.
Καὶ νῦν δεῦρο, συμβουλεύσω σοι δὴ συμβουλίαν, καὶ ἐξελοῦ τὴν ψυχήν σου, καὶ τὴν ψυχὴν τοῦ υἱοῦ σου Σαλωμών.
And now come, let me, I pray, give thee counsel, and thou shalt rescue thy life, and the life of thy son Solomon.
13
לְכִי וּבֹאִי אֶל־הַמֶּלֶךְ דָּוִד וְאָמַרְתְּ אֵלָיו הֲלֹא־אַתָּה אֲדֹנִי הַמֶּלֶךְ נִשְׁבַּעְתָּ לַאֲמָתְךָ לֵאמֹר כִּי־שְׁלֹמֹה בְנֵךְ יִמְלֹךְ אַחֲרַי וְהוּא יֵשֵׁב עַל־כִּסְאִי וּמַדּוּעַ מָלַךְ אֲדֹנִיָהוּ
Go and get thee in unto king David, and say unto him: Didst not thou, my lord, O king, swear unto thy handmaid, saying: Assuredly Solomon thy son shall reign after me, and he shall sit upon my throne? why then doth Adonijah reign?
Δεῦρο εἴσελθε πρὸς τὸν βασιλέα Δαυὶδ, καὶ ἐρεῖς πρὸς αὐτὸν, λέγουσα, οὐχὶ σὺ κύριέ μου βασιλεῦ ὤμοσας τῇ δούλῃ σου, λέγων, ὅτι ὁ υἱός σου Σαλωμὼν βασιλεύσει μετʼ ἐμέ, καὶ αὐτὸς καθιεῖται ἐπὶ τοῦ θρόνου μου; καὶ τί ὅτι ἐβασίλευσεν Ἀδωνίας;
Haste, and go in to King David, and thou shalt speak to him, saying, Hast not thou, my lord, O king, sworn to thy handmaid, saying, Thy son Solomon shall reign after me, and he shall sit upon my throne? why then does Adonijah reign?
14
הִנֵּה עוֹדָךְ מְדַבֶּרֶת שָׁם עִם־הַמֶּלֶךְ וַאֲנִי אָבוֹא אַחֲרַיִךְ וּמִלֵּאתִי אֶת־דְּבָרָיִךְ
Behold, while thou yet talkest there with the king, I also will come in after thee, and confirm thy words.'
Καὶ ἰδοὺ ἔτι λαλούσης σου ἐκεῖ μετα τοῦ βασιλέως, καὶ ἐγὼ εἰσελεύσομαι ὀπίσω σου, καὶ πληρώσω τοὺς λόγους σου.
And behold, while thou art still speaking there with the king, I also will come in after thee, and will confirm thy words.
15
וַתָּבֹא בַת־שֶׁבֶע אֶל־הַמֶּלֶךְ הַחַדְרָה וְהַמֶּלֶךְ זָקֵן מְאֹד וַאֲבִישַׁג הַשּׁוּנַמִּית מְשָׁרַת אֶת־הַמֶּלֶךְ
And Bath-sheba went in unto the king into the chamber. --Now the king was very old; and Abishag the Shunammite ministered unto the king.--
Καὶ εἴσῆλθε Βηρσαβεὲ πρὸς τὸν βασιλέα εἰς τὸ ταμεῖον· καὶ ὁ βασιλεὺς πρεσβύτης σφόδρα· καὶ Ἀβισὰλ ἡ Σωμανῖτις ἦν λειτουργοῦσα τῷ βασιλεῖ.
So Bathsheba went in to the king into the chamber: and the king was very old, and Abishag the Shunammite was ministering to the king.
16
וַתִּקֹּד בַּת־שֶׁבַע וַתִּשְׁתַּחוּ לַמֶּלֶךְ וַיֹּאמֶר הַמֶּלֶךְ מַה־לָּךְ
And Bath-sheba bowed, and prostrated herself unto the king. And the king said: 'What wouldest thou?'
Καὶ ἔκυψε Βηρσαβεὲ, καὶ προσεκύνησε τῷ βασιλεῖ· καὶ εἶπεν ὁ βασιλεύς, τί ἔστι σοί;
And Bathsheba bowed, and did obeisance to the king; and the king said, What is thy request?
17
וַתֹּאמֶר לוֹ אֲדֹנִי אַתָּה נִשְׁבַּעְתָּ בַּיהוָה אֱלֹהֶיךָ לַאֲמָתֶךָ כִּי־שְׁלֹמֹה בְנֵךְ יִמְלֹךְ אַחֲרָי וְהוּא יֵשֵׁב עַל־כִּסְאִי
And she said unto him: 'My lord, thou didst swear by HaShem thy G-d unto thy handmaid: Assuredly Solomon thy son shall reign after me, and he shall sit upon my throne.
Ἡ δὲ εἶπε, κύριε, σὺ ὤμοσας ἐν Κυρίῳ τῷ Θεῷ σου τῇ δούλῃ σου, λέγων, ὅτι ὁ υἱός σου Σαλωμὼν βασιλεύσει μετʼ ἐμέ, καὶ καθήσεται ἐπὶ τοῦ θρόνου μου.
And she said, My lord, thou didst swear by the Lord thy God to thy handmaid, saying, Thy son Solomon shall reign after me, and shall sit upon my throne.
18
וְעַתָּה הִנֵּה אֲדֹנִיָּה מָלָךְ וְעַתָּה אֲדֹנִי הַמֶּלֶךְ לֹא יָדָעְתָּ
And now, behold, Adonijah reigneth; and thou, my lord the king, knowest it not.
Καὶ νῦν ἰδοὺ Ἀδωνίας ἐβασίλευσε, καὶ σὺ κύριέ μου βασιλεῦ οὐκ ἔγνως.
And now, behold, Adonijah reigns, and thou, my lord, O king, knowest [it] not.
19
וַיִּזְבַּח שׁוֹר וּמְרִיא־וְצֹאן לָרֹב וַיִּקְרָא לְכָל־בְּנֵי הַמֶּלֶךְ וּלְאֶבְיָתָר הַכֹּהֵן וּלְיֹאָב שַׂר הַצָּבָא וְלִשְׁלֹמֹה עַבְדְּךָ לֹא קָרָא
And he hath slain oxen and fatlings and sheep in abundance, and hath called all the sons of the king, and Abiathar, the priest, and Joab the captain of the host; but Solomon thy servant hath he not called.
Καὶ ἐθυσίασε μόσχους καὶ ἄρνας καὶ πρόβατα εἰς πλῆθος, καὶ ἐκάλεσε πάντας τοὺς υἱοὺς τοῦ βασιλέως, καὶ Ἀβιάθαρ τὸν ἱερέα, καὶ Ἰωὰβ τὸν ἄρχοντα τῆς δυνάμεως· καὶ τὸν Σαλωμὼν τὸν δοῦλόν σου οὐκ ἐκάλεσε.
And he has sacrificed calves and lambs and sheep in abundance, and has called all the king’s sons, and Abiathar the priest and Joab the commander-in-chief of the host; but Solomon thy servant he has not called.
20
וְאַתָּה אֲדֹנִי הַמֶּלֶךְ עֵינֵי כָל־יִשְׂרָאֵל עָלֶיךָ לְהַגִּיד לָהֶם מִי יֵשֵׁב עַל־כִּסֵּא אֲדֹנִי־הַמֶּלֶךְ אַחֲרָיו
And thou, my lord the king, the eyes of all Israel are upon thee, that thou shouldest tell them who shall sit on the throne of my lord the king after him.
Καὶ σὺ κύριέ μου βασιλεῦ, οἱ ὀφθαλμοὶ παντὸς Ἰσραὴλ πρὸς σέ, ἀπάγγειλαι αὐτοῖς τίς καθήσεται ἐπὶ τοῦ θρόνου τοῦ κυρίου μου τοῦ βασιλέως μετʼ αὐτόν.
And thou, my lord, O king—the eyes of all Israel [are] upon thee, to tell them who shall sit upon the throne of my lord the king after him.
21
וְהָיָה כִּשְׁכַב אֲדֹנִי־הַמֶּלֶךְ עִם־אֲבֹתָיו וְהָיִיתִי אֲנִי וּבְנִי שְׁלֹמֹה חַטָּאִים
Otherwise it will come to pass, when my lord the king shall sleep with his fathers, that I and my son Solomon shall be counted offenders.'
Καὶ ἔσται ὡς ἂν κοιμηθῇ ὁ κύριός μου ὁ βασιλεὺς μετὰ τῶν πατέρων αὐτοῦ, καὶ ἔσομαι ἐγὼ καὶ Σαλωμὼν ὁ υἱός μου ἁμαρτωλοί.
And it shall come to pass, when my lord the king shall sleep with his fathers, that I and Solomon my son shall be offenders.
22
וְהִנֵּה עוֹדֶנָּה מְדַבֶּרֶת עִם־הַמֶּלֶךְ וְנָתָן הַנָּבִיא בָּא
And, lo, while she yet talked with the king, Nathan the prophet came in.
Καὶ ἰδοὺ ἔτι αὐτῆς λαλούσης μετὰ τοῦ βασιλέως, καὶ Νάθαν ὁ προφήτης ἦλθε.
And behold, while she was yet talking with the king, Nathan the prophet came. And it was reported to the king,
23
וַיַּגִּידוּ לַמֶּלֶךְ לֵאמֹר הִנֵּה נָתָן הַנָּבִיא וַיָּבֹא לִפְנֵי הַמֶּלֶךְ וַיִּשְׁתַּחוּ לַמֶּלֶךְ עַל־אַפָּיו אָרְצָה
And they told the king, saying: 'Behold Nathan the prophet.' And when he was come in before the king, he bowed down before the king with his face to the ground.
Καὶ ἀνηγγέλη τῷ βασιλεῖ, ἰδοὺ Νάθαν ὁ προφήτης· καὶ εἰσῆλθε κατὰ πρόσωπον τοῦ βασιλέως, καὶ προσεκύνησε τῷ βασιλεῖ κατὰ πρόσωπον αὐτοῦ ἐπὶ τὴν γῆν.
Behold, Nathan the prophet [is here]: and he came in to the king’s presence, and did obeisance to the king with his face to the ground.
24
וַיֹּאמֶר נָתָן אֲדֹנִי הַמֶּלֶךְ אַתָּה אָמַרְתָּ אֲדֹנִיָּהוּ יִמְלֹךְ אַחֲרָי וְהוּא יֵשֵׁב עַל־כִּסְאִי
And Nathan said: 'My lord, O king, hast thou said: Adonijah shall reign after me, and he shall sit upon my throne?
Καὶ εἶπε Νὰθαν, κύριέ μου βασιλεῦ, σὺ εἶπας, Ἀδωνίας βασιλεύσει ὀπίσω μου, καὶ αὐτὸς καθήσεται ἐπὶ τοῦ θρόνου μου;
And Nathan said, My lord, O king, didst thou say, Adonijah shall reign after me, and he shall sit upon my throne?
25
כִּי יָרַד הַיּוֹם וַיִּזְבַּח שׁוֹר וּמְרִיא־וְצֹאן לָרֹב וַיִּקְרָא לְכָל־בְּנֵי הַמֶּלֶךְ וּלְשָׂרֵי הַצָּבָא וּלְאֶבְיָתָר הַכֹּהֵן וְהִנָּם אֹכְלִים וְשֹׁתִים לְפָנָיו וַיֹּאמְרוּ יְחִי הַמֶּלֶךְ אֲדֹנִיָּהוּ
For he is gone down this day, and hath slain oxen and fatlings and sheep in abundance, and hath called all the king's sons, and the captains of the host, and Abiathar the priest; and, behold, they eat and drink before him, and say: Long live king Adonijah.
Ὅτι κατέβη σήμερον, καὶ ἐθυσίασε μόσχους καὶ ἄρνας καὶ πρόβατα εἰς πλῆθος, καὶ ἐκάλεσε πάντας τοὺς υἱοὺς τοῦ βασιλέως, καὶ τοὺς ἄρχοντας τῆς δυνάμεως, καὶ Ἀβιάθαρ τὸν ἱερέα· καὶ ἰδού εἰσιν ἐσθίοντες καὶ πίνοντες ἐνώπιον αὐτοῦ, καὶ εἶπαν, ζήτω ὁ βασιλεὺς Ἀδωνίας.
For he has gone down today, and has sacrificed calves and lambs and sheep in abundance, and has called all the king’s sons, and the chiefs of the army, and Abiathar the priest; and, behold, they are eating and drinking before him, and they said, [Long] live King Adonijah.
26
וְלִי אֲנִי־עַבְדֶּךָ וּלְצָדֹק הַכֹּהֵן וְלִבְנָיָהוּ בֶן־יְהוֹיָדָע וְלִשְׁלֹמֹה עַבְדְּךָ לֹא קָרָא
But me, even me thy servant, and Zadok the priest, and Benaiah the son of Jehoiada, and thy servant Solomon hath he not called.
Καὶ ἐμὲ αὐτὸν τὸν δοῦλόν σου, καὶ Σαδὼκ τὸν ἱερέα, καὶ Βαναίαν υἱὸν Ἰωδαὲ, καὶ Σαλωμὼν τὸν δοῦλόν σου, οὐκ ἐκάλεσεν.
But he has not invited me thy servant, and Zadok the priest, and Benaiah the son of Jehoiada, and Solomon thy servant.
27
אִם מֵאֵת אֲדֹנִי הַמֶּלֶךְ נִהְיָה הַדָּבָר הַזֶּה וְלֹא הוֹדַעְתָּ אֶת־עבדיך עַבְדְּךָ מִי יֵשֵׁב עַל־כִּסֵּא אֲדֹנִי־הַמֶּלֶךְ אַחֲרָיו
Is this thing done by my lord the king, and thou hast not declared unto thy servant who should sit on the throne of my lord the king after him?'
Εἰ διὰ τοῦ κυρίου μου τοῦ βασιλέως γέγονε τὸ ῥῆμα τοῦτο, καὶ οὐκ ἐγνώρισας τῷ δούλῳ σου τίς καθήσεται ἐπὶ τὸν θρόνον τοῦ κυρίου μου βασιλέως μετʼ αὐτόν;
Has this matter happened by the authority of my lord the king, and hast thou not made known to thy servant who shall sit upon the throne of my lord the king after him?
28
וַיַּעַן הַמֶּלֶךְ דָּוִד וַיֹּאמֶר קִרְאוּ־לִי לְבַת־שָׁבַע וַתָּבֹא לִפְנֵי הַמֶּלֶךְ וַתַּעֲמֹד לִפְנֵי הַמֶּלֶךְ
Then king David answered and said: 'Call me Bath-sheba.' And she came into the king's presence, and stood before the king.
Καὶ ἀπεκρίθη ὁ βασιλεὺς Δαυὶδ, καὶ εἶπε, καλέσατέ μοι τὴν Βηρσαβεέ· καὶ εἰσῆλθεν ἐνώπιον τοῦ βασιλέως, καὶ ἔστη ἐνώπιον αὐτοῦ.
And King David answered and said, Call me Bathsheba: and she came in before the king, and stood before him.
29
וַיִּשָּׁבַע הַמֶּלֶךְ וַיֹּאמַר חַי־יְהוָה אֲשֶׁר־פָּדָה אֶת־נַפְשִׁי מִכָּל־צָרָה
And the king swore and said: 'As HaShem liveth, who hath redeemed my soul out of all adversity,
Καὶ ὤμοσεν ὁ βασιλεὺς, καὶ εἶπε, ζῇ Κύριος ὃς ἐλυτρώσατο τὴν ψυχήν μου ἐκ πάσης θλίψεως,
And the king swore, and said, [As] the Lord lives who redeemed my soul out of all affliction,
30
כִּי כַּאֲשֶׁר נִשְׁבַּעְתִּי לָךְ בַּיהוָה אֱלֹהֵי יִשְׂרָאֵל לֵאמֹר כִּי־שְׁלֹמֹה בְנֵךְ יִמְלֹךְ אַחֲרַי וְהוּא יֵשֵׁב עַל־כִּסְאִי תַּחְתָּי כִּי כֵּן אֶעֱשֶׂה הַיּוֹם הַזֶּה
verily as I swore unto thee by HaShem, the G-d of Israel, saying: Assuredly Solomon thy son shall reign after me, and he shall sit upon my throne in my stead; verily so will I do this day.'
ὅτι καθὼς ὤμοσά σοι ἐν Κυρίῳ Θεῷ Ἰσραὴλ, λέγων, ὅτι Σαλωμὼν ὁ υἱός σου βασιλεύσει μετʼ ἐμὲ, καὶ αὐτὸς καθήσεται ἐπὶ τοῦ θρόνου μου ἀντʼ ἐμοῦ, ὅτι οὕτω ποιήσω τῇ ἡμέρᾳ ταύτῃ.
as I swore to thee by the Lord God of Israel, saying, Solomon thy son shall reign after me, and he shall sit upon my throne in my stead, so will I do this day.
31
וַתִּקֹּד בַּת־שֶׁבַע אַפַּיִם אֶרֶץ וַתִּשְׁתַּחוּ לַמֶּלֶךְ וַתֹּאמֶר יְחִי אֲדֹנִי הַמֶּלֶךְ דָּוִד לְעֹלָם
Then Bath-sheba bowed with her face to the earth, and prostrated herself to the king, and said: 'Let my lord king David live for ever.'
Καὶ ἔκυψε Βηρσαβεὲ ἐπὶ πρόσωπον ἐπὶ τὴν γῆν, καὶ προσεκύνησε τῷ βασιλεῖ, καὶ εἶπε, ζήτω ὁ κύριός μου ὁ βασιλεὺς Δαυὶδ εἰς τὸν αἰῶνα.
And Bathsheba bowed with her face to the ground, and did obeisance to the king, and said, Let my lord King David live forever.
32
וַיֹּאמֶר הַמֶּלֶךְ דָּוִד קִרְאוּ־לִי לְצָדוֹק הַכֹּהֵן וּלְנָתָן הַנָּבִיא וְלִבְנָיָהוּ בֶּן־יְהוֹיָדָע וַיָּבֹאוּ לִפְנֵי הַמֶּלֶךְ
And king David said: 'Call me Zadok the priest, and Nathan the prophet, and Benaiah the son of Jehoiada.' And they came before the king.
Καὶ εἶπεν ὁ βασιλεὺς Δαυίδ, Καλέσατέ μοι Σαδὼκ τὸν ἱερέα, καὶ Νάθαν τὸν προφήτην, καὶ Βαναίαν υἱὸν Ἰωδαέ καὶ εἰσῆλθον ἐνώπιον τοῦ βασιλέως.
And King David said, Call me Zadok the priest, and Nathan the prophet, and Benaiah the son of Jehoiada: and they came in before the king.
33
וַיֹּאמֶר הַמֶּלֶךְ לָהֶם קְחוּ עִמָּכֶם אֶת־עַבְדֵי אֲדֹנֵיכֶם וְהִרְכַּבְתֶּם אֶת־שְׁלֹמֹה בְנִי עַל־הַפִּרְדָּה אֲשֶׁר־לִי וְהוֹרַדְתֶּם אֹתוֹ אֶל־גִּחוֹן
And the king said unto them: 'Take with you the servants of your lord, and cause Solomon my son to ride upon mine own mule, and bring him down to Gihon.
Καὶ εἶπεν ὁ βασιλεὺς αὐτοῖς, λάβετε τοὺς δούλους τοῦ κυρίου ὑμῶν μεθʼ ὑμῶν, καὶ ἐπιβιβάσατε τὸν υἱόν μου Σαλωμὼν ἐπὶ τὴν ἡμίονον τὴν ἐμὴν, καὶ καταγάγετε αὐτὸν εἰς τὴν Γιὼν,
And the king said to them, Take the servants of your lord with you, and mount my son Solomon upon my own mule, and bring him down to Gihon.
34
וּמָשַׁח אֹתוֹ שָׁם צָדוֹק הַכֹּהֵן וְנָתָן הַנָּבִיא לְמֶלֶךְ עַל־יִשְׂרָאֵל וּתְקַעְתֶּם בַּשּׁוֹפָר וַאֲמַרְתֶּם יְחִי הַמֶּלֶךְ שְׁלֹמֹה
And let Zadok the priest and Nathan the prophet anoint him there king over Israel; and blow ye with the horn, and say: Long live king Solomon.
καὶ χρισάτω αὐτὸν ἐκεῖ Σαδὼκ ὁ ἱερεὺς καὶ Νάθαν ὁ προφήτης εἰς βασιλέα ἐπὶ Ἰσραὴλ, καὶ σαλπίσατε κερατίνῃ, καὶ ἐρεῖτε, ζήτω ὁ βασιλεὺς Σαλωμών.
And there let Zadok the priest and Nathan the prophet anoint him to be king over Israel, and do ye sound the trumpet, and ye shall say, Let King Solomon live.
35
וַעֲלִיתֶם אַחֲרָיו וּבָא וְיָשַׁב עַל־כִּסְאִי וְהוּא יִמְלֹךְ תַּחְתָּי וְאֹתוֹ צִוִּיתִי לִהְיוֹת נָגִיד עַל־יִשְׂרָאֵל וְעַל־יְהוּדָה
Then ye shall come up after him, and he shall come and sit upon my throne; for he shall be king in my stead; and I have appointed him to be prince over Israel and over Judah.'
Καὶ καθήσεται ἐπὶ τοῦ θρόνου μου, καὶ βασιλεύσει ἀντʼ ἐμοῦ· καὶ ἐγὼ ἐνετειλάμην τοῦ εἶναι εἰς ἡγούμενον ἐπὶ Ἰσραὴλ καὶ Ἰούδαν.
And he shall sit upon my throne, and reign in my stead: and I have given charge that he should be for a prince over Israel and Judah.
36
וַיַּעַן בְּנָיָהוּ בֶן־יְהוֹיָדָע אֶת־הַמֶּלֶךְ וַיֹּאמֶר אָמֵן כֵּן יֹאמַר יְהוָה אֱלֹהֵי אֲדֹנִי הַמֶּלֶךְ
And Benaiah the son of Jehoiada answered the king, and said: 'Amen; so say HaShem, the G-d of my lord the king.
Καὶ ἀπεκρίθη Βαναίας υἱὸς Ἰωδαὲ τῷ βασιλεῖ, καὶ εἶπε, γένοιτο οὕτως· πιστώσαι Κύριος ὁ Θεὸς τοῦ κυρίου μου τοῦ βασιλέως·
And Benaiah the son of Jehoiada answered the king and said, So let it be: may the Lord God of my lord the king confirm [it].
37
כַּאֲשֶׁר הָיָה יְהוָה עִם־אֲדֹנִי הַמֶּלֶךְ כֵּן יהי יִהְיֶה עִם־שְׁלֹמֹה וִיגַדֵּל אֶת־כִּסְאוֹ מִכִּסֵּא אֲדֹנִי הַמֶּלֶךְ דָּוִד
As HaShem hath been with my lord the king, even so be He with Solomon, and make his throne greater than the throne of my lord king David.'
καθὼς ἦν Κύριος μετὰ τοῦ κυρίου μου τοῦ βασιλέως, οὕτως εἴη μετὰ Σαλωμὼν, καὶ μεγαλύναι τὸν θρόνον αὐτοῦ ὑπὲρ τὸν θρόνον τοῦ κυρίου μου τοῦ βασιλέως Δαυίδ.
As the Lord was with my lord the king, so let him be with Solomon, and let him exalt his throne beyond the throne of my lord King David.
38
וַיֵּרֶד צָדוֹק הַכֹּהֵן וְנָתָן הַנָּבִיא וּבְנָיָהוּ בֶן־יְהוֹיָדָע וְהַכְּרֵתִי וְהַפְּלֵתִי וַיַּרְכִּבוּ אֶת־שְׁלֹמֹה עַל־פִּרְדַּת הַמֶּלֶךְ דָּוִד וַיֹּלִכוּ אֹתוֹ עַל־גִּחוֹן
So Zadok the priest, and Nathan the prophet, and Benaiah the son of Jehoiada, and the Cherethites and the Pelethites, went down, and caused Solomon to ride upon king David's mule, and brought him to Gihon.
Καὶ κατέβη Σαδὼκ ὁ ἱερεὺς, καὶ Νάθαν ὁ προφήτης, καὶ Βαναίας υἱὸς Ἰωδαὲ, καὶ ὁ Χερεθὶ, καὶ ὁ Φελεθὶ, καὶ ἐπεκάθισαν τὸν Σαλωμὼν ἐπὶ τὴν ἡμίονον τοῦ βασιλέως Δαυὶδ, καὶ ἀπήγαγον αὐτὸν εἰς τὴν Γιών.
And Zadok the priest went down, and Nathan the prophet, and Benaiah son of Jehoiada, and the Cherethite, and the Pelethite, and they mounted Solomon upon the mule of King David, and led him away to Gihon.
39
וַיִּקַּח צָדוֹק הַכֹּהֵן אֶת־קֶרֶן הַשֶּׁמֶן מִן־הָאֹהֶל וַיִּמְשַׁח אֶת־שְׁלֹמֹה וַיִּתְקְעוּ בַּשּׁוֹפָר וַיֹּאמְרוּ כָּל־הָעָם יְחִי הַמֶּלֶךְ שְׁלֹמֹה
And Zadok the priest took the horn of oil out of the Tent, and anointed Solomon. And they blew the ram's horn; and all the people said: 'Long live king Solomon.'
Καὶ ἔλαβε Σαδὼκ ὁ ἱερεὺς τὸ κέρας τοῦ ἐλαίου ἐκ τῆς σκηνῆς, καὶ ἔχρισε τὸν Σαλωμὼν, καὶ ἐσάλπισε τῇ κερατίνῃ· καὶ εἶπε πᾶς ὁ λαός, ζήτω ὁ βασιλεὺς Σαλωμών.
And Zadok the priest took the horn of oil out of the tabernacle, and anointed Solomon, and blew the trumpet; and all the people said, Let King Solomon live.
40
וַיַּעֲלוּ כָל־הָעָם א͏ַחֲרָיו וְהָעָם מְחַלְּלִים בַּחֲלִלִים וּשְׂמֵחִים שִׂמְחָה גְדוֹלָה וַתִּבָּקַע הָאָרֶץ בְּקוֹלָם
And all the people came up after him, and the people piped with pipes, and rejoiced with great joy, so that the earth rent with the sound of them.
Καὶ ἀνέβη πᾶς ὁ λαὸς ὀπίσω αὐτοῦ, καὶ ἐχόρευον ἐν χοροῖς καὶ εὐφραινόμενοι εὐφροσύνην μεγάλην, καὶ ἐῤῥάγη ἡ γῆ ἐν τῇ φωνῇ αὐτῶν.
And all the people went up after him, and they danced in choirs, and rejoiced with great joy, and the earth quaked with their voice.
41
וַיִּשְׁמַע אֲדֹנִיָּהוּ וְכָל־הַקְּרֻאִים אֲשֶׁר אִתּוֹ וְהֵם כִּלּוּ לֶאֱכֹל וַיִּשְׁמַע יוֹאָב אֶת־קוֹל הַשּׁוֹפָר וַיֹּאמֶר מַדּוּעַ קוֹל־הַקִּרְיָה הוֹמָה
And Adonijah and all the guests that were with him heard it as they had made an end of eating. And when Joab heard the sound of the horn, he said: 'Wherefore is this noise of the city being in an uproar?'
Καὶ ἤκουσεν Ἀδωνίας καὶ πάντες οἱ κλητοὶ αὐτοῦ, καὶ αὐτοὶ συνετέλεσαν φαγεῖν· καὶ ἤκουσεν Ἰωὰβ τὴν φωνὴν τῆς κερατίνης, καὶ εἶπε, τίς ἡ φωνὴ τῆς πόλεως ἠχούσης;
And Adonijah and all his guests heard, and they had [just] left off eating: and Joab heard the sound of the trumpet, and said, What [means] the voice of the city in tumult?
42
עוֹדֶנּוּ מְדַבֵּר וְהִנֵּה יוֹנָתָן בֶּן־אֶבְיָתָר הַכֹּהֵן בָּא וַיֹּאמֶר אֲדֹנִיָּהוּ בֹּא כִּי אִישׁ חַיִל אַתָּה וְטוֹב תְּבַשֵּׂר
While he yet spoke, behold, Jonathan the son of Abiathar the priest came; and Adonijah said: 'Come in; for thou art a worthy man, and bringest good tidings.'
Ἔτι αὐτοῦ λαλοῦντος, καὶ ἰδοὺ Ἰωνάθαν υἱὸς Ἀβιάθαρ τοῦ ἱερέως εἰσῆλθε· καὶ εἶπεν Ἀδωνίας, εἴσελθε, ὅτι ἀνὴρ δυνάμεως εἶ σὺ, καὶ ἀγαθὰ εὐαγγέλισαι.
While he was yet speaking, behold, Jonathan the son of Abiathar the priest came in: and Adonijah said, Come in, for thou art a mighty man, and [thou comest] to bring glad tidings.
43
וַיַּעַן יוֹנָתָן וַיֹּאמֶר לַאֲדֹנִיָּהוּ אֲבָל אֲדֹנֵינוּ הַמֶּלֶךְ־דָּוִד הִמְלִיךְ אֶת־שְׁלֹמֹה
And Jonathan answered and said to Adonijah: 'Verily our lord king David hath made Solomon king.
Καὶ ἀπεκρίθη Ἰωνάθαν, καὶ εἶπε, καὶ μάλα ὁ κύριος ἡμῶν ὁ βασιλεὺς Δαυὶδ ἐβασίλευσε τὸν Σαλωμὼν,
And Jonathan answered and said, Verily our lord King David has made Solomon king:
44
וַיִּשְׁלַח אִתּוֹ־הַמֶּלֶךְ אֶת־צָדוֹק הַכֹּהֵן וְאֶת־נָתָן הַנָּבִיא וּבְנָיָהוּ בֶּן־יְהוֹיָדָע וְהַכְּרֵתִי וְהַפְּלֵתִי וַיַּרְכִּבוּ אֹתוֹ עַל פִּרְדַּת הַמֶּלֶךְ
And the king hath sent with him Zadok the priest, and Nathan the prophet, and Benaiah the son of Jehoiada, and the Cherethites and the Pelethites, and they have caused him to ride upon the king's mule.
καὶ ἀπέστειλε μετʼ αὐτοῦ ὁ βασιλεὺς τὸν Σαδὼκ τὸν ἱερέα, καὶ Νάθαν τὸν προφήτην, καὶ Βαναίαν τὸν υἱὸν Ἰωδαὲ, καὶ τὸν Χερεθὶ, καὶ τὸν Φελεθὶ, καὶ ἐπεκάθισαν αὐτὸν ἐπὶ τὴν ἡμίονον τοῦ βασιλέως·
and the king has sent with him Zadok the priest, and Nathan the prophet, and Benaiah the son of Jehoiada, and the Cherethite, and the Pelethite, and they have mounted him on the king’s mule;
45
וַיִּמְשְׁחוּ אֹתוֹ צָדוֹק הַכֹּהֵן וְנָתָן הַנָּבִיא לְמֶלֶךְ בְּגִחוֹן וַיַּעֲלוּ מִשָּׁם שְׂמֵחִים וַתֵּהֹם הַקִּרְיָה הוּא הַקּוֹל אֲשֶׁר שְׁמַעְתֶּם
And Zadok the priest and Nathan the prophet have anointed him king in Gihon; and they are come up from thence rejoicing, so that the city is in an uproar. This is the noise that ye have heard.
Καὶ ἔχρισαν αὐτὸν Σαδὼκ ὁ ἱερεὺς καὶ Νάθαν ὁ προφήτης ἐν τῇ Γιὼν, καὶ ἀνέβησαν ἐκεῖθεν εὐφραινόμενοι, καὶ ἤχησεν ἡ πόλις· αὕτη ἡ φωνὴ ἣν ἠκούσατε.
and Zadok the priest and Nathan the prophet have anointed him in Gihon, and have gone up thence rejoicing, and the city resounded: this [is] the sound which ye have heard.
46
וְגַם יָשַׁב שְׁלֹמֹה עַל כִּסֵּא הַמְּלוּכָה
And also Solomon sitteth on the throne of the kingdom.
Καὶ ἐκάθισε Σαλωμὼν ἐπὶ θρόνον βασιλείας.
And Solomon is seated upon the throne of the kingdom.
47
וְגַם־בָּאוּ עַבְדֵי הַמֶּלֶךְ לְבָרֵךְ אֶת־אֲדֹנֵינוּ הַמֶּלֶךְ דָּוִד לֵאמֹר יֵיטֵב אלהיך אֱלֹהִים אֶת־שֵׁם שְׁלֹמֹה מִשְּׁמֶךָ וִיגַדֵּל אֶת־כִּסְאוֹ מִכִּסְאֶךָ וַיִּשְׁתַּחוּ הַמֶּלֶךְ עַל־הַמִּשְׁכָּב
And moreover the king's servants came to bless our lord king David, saying: G-d make the name of Solomon better than thy name, and make his throne greater than thy throne; and the king bowed down upon the bed.
Καὶ εἰσῆλθον οἱ δοῦλοι τοῦ βασιλέως εὐλογῆσαι τὸν κύριον ἡμῶν τὸν βασιλέα Δαυὶδ, λέγοντες, ἀγαθύναι ὁ Θεὸς τὸ ὄνομα Σαλωμὼν ὑπὲρ τὸ ὄνομά σου, καὶ μεγαλύναι τὸν θρόνον αὐτοῦ ὑπὲρ τὸν θρόνον σου· καὶ προσεκύνησεν ὁ βασιλεὺς ἐπὶ τὴν κοίτην.
And the servants of the king have gone in to bless our lord King David, saying, God make the name of Solomon better than thy name, and make his throne greater than thy throne; and the king worshiped upon his bed.
48
וְגַם־כָּכָה אָמַר הַמֶּלֶךְ בָּרוּךְ יְהוָה אֱלֹהֵי יִשְׂרָאֵל אֲשֶׁר נָתַן הַיּוֹם יֹשֵׁב עַל־כִּסְאִי וְעֵינַי רֹאוֹת
And also thus said the king: Blessed be HaShem, the G-d of Israel, who hath given one to sit on my throne this day, mine eyes even seeing it.'
Καί γε οὕτως εἶπεν ὁ βασιλεύς, εὐλογητὸς Κύριος ὁ Θεὸς Ἰσραὴλ, ὃς ἔδωκε σήμερον ἐκ τοῦ σπέρματός μου καθήμενον ἐπὶ τοῦ θρόνου μου, καὶ οἱ ὀφθαλμοί μου βλέπουσι.
Moreover thus said the king, Blessed [be] the Lord God of Israel, who has this day appointed one of my seed sitting on my throne, and my eyes see it.
49
וַיּ͏ֶחֶרְדוּ וַיָּקֻמוּ כָּל־הַקְּרֻאִים אֲשֶׁר לַאֲדֹנִיָּהוּ וַיֵּלְכוּ אִישׁ לְדַרְכּוֹ
And all the guests of Adonijah were afraid, and rose up, and went every man his way.
Καὶ ἐξέστησαν πάντες οἱ κλητοὶ τοῦ Ἀδωνίου, καὶ ἦλθον ἀνὴρ εἰς τὴν ὁδὸν αὐτοῦ.
And all the guests of Adonijah were dismayed, and every man went his way.
50
וַאֲדֹנִיָּהוּ יָרֵא מִפְּנֵי שְׁלֹמֹה וַיָּקָם וַיֵּלֶךְ וַיַּחֲזֵק בְּקַרְנוֹת הַמִּזְבֵּחַ
And Adonijah feared because of Solomon; and he arose, and went, and caught hold on the horns of the altar.
Καὶ Ἀδωνίας ἐφοβήθη ἀπὸ προσώπου Σαλωμὼν, καὶ ἀνέστη καὶ ἀπῆλθε καὶ ἐπελάβετο τῶν κεράτων τοῦ θυσιαστηρίου.
And Adonijah feared because of Solomon, and arose, and departed, and laid hold on the horns of the altar.
51
וַיֻּגַּד לִשְׁלֹמֹה לֵאמֹר הִנֵּה אֲדֹנִיָּהוּ יָרֵא אֶת־הַמֶּלֶךְ שְׁלֹמֹה וְהִנֵּה אָחַז בְּקַרְנוֹת הַמִּזְבֵּחַ לֵאמֹר יִשָּׁבַע־לִי כַיּוֹם הַמֶּלֶךְ שְׁלֹמֹה אִם־יָמִית אֶת־עַבְדּוֹ בֶּחָרֶב
And it was told Solomon, saying: 'Behold, Adonijah feareth king Solomon; for, lo, he hath laid hold on the horns of the altar, saying: Let king Solomon swear unto me first of all that he will not slay his servant with the sword.'
Καὶ ἀνηγγέλη τῷ Σαλωμὼν, λέγοντες, ἰδοὺ Ἀδωνίας ἐφοβήθη τὸν βασιλέα Σαλωμὼν, καὶ κατέχει τῶν κεράτων τοῦ θυσιαστηρίου, λέγων, ὀμοσάτω μοι σήμερον Σαλωμὼν, εἰ οὐ θανατώσει τὸν δοῦλον αὐτοῦ ἐν ῥομφαίᾳ.
And it was reported to Solomon, saying, Behold, Adonijah fears King Solomon, and holds the horns of the altar, saying, Let Solomon swear to me this day, that he will not slay his servant with the sword.
52
וַיֹּאמֶר שְׁלֹמֹה אִם יִהְיֶה לְבֶן־חַיִל לֹא־יִפֹּל מִשַּׂעֲרָתוֹ אָרְצָה וְאִם־רָעָה תִמָּצֵא־בוֹ וָמֵת
And Solomon said: 'If he shall show himself a worthy man, there shall not a hair of him fall to the earth; but if wickedness be found in him, he shall die.'
Καὶ εἶπε Σαλωμών, ἐὰν γένηται εἰς υἱὸν δυνάμεως, εἰ πεσεῖται τῶν τριχῶν αὐτοῦ ἐπὶ τὴν γῆν· καὶ ἐὰν κακία εὑρεθῇ ἐν αὐτῷ, θανατωθήσεται.
And Solomon said, If he should be a valiant man, there shall not a hair of his fall to the ground; but if evil be found in him, he shall die.
53
וַיִּשְׁלַח הַמֶּלֶךְ שְׁלֹמֹה וַיֹּרִדֻהוּ מֵעַל הַמִּזְבֵּחַ וַיָּבֹא וַיִּשְׁתַּחוּ לַמֶּלֶךְ שְׁלֹמֹה וַיֹּאמֶר־לוֹ שְׁלֹמֹה לֵךְ לְבֵיתֶךָ
So king Solomon sent, and they brought him down from the altar. And he came and prostrated himself before king Solomon; and Solomon said unto him: 'Go to thy house.'
Καὶ ἀπέστειλεν ὁ βασιλεὺς Σαλωμὼν, καὶ κατήνεγκαν αὐτὸν ἀπάνωθεν τοῦ θυσιαστηρίου· καὶ εἰσῆλθε, καὶ προσεκύνησε τῷ βασιλεῖ Σαλωμών· καὶ εἶπεν αὐτῷ Σαλωμὼν, δεῦρο εἰς τὸν οἶκόν σου.
And King Solomon sent, and they brought him away from the altar; and he went in and did obeisance to King Solomon: and Solomon said to him, Go to thy house.

How it works

A parallel reader for the Hebrew Bible and its oldest witnesses: the Masoretic text, the Samaritan Pentateuch, the Dead Sea Scrolls and the Septuagint, each with an English translation where one is available.

Reading a chapter

Choose a book and chapter at the top, or type a reference into Go to (Isa 53:11, 1 Sam 3, sam 3:4, ii kgs 2, ben sira 51). Book names can be abbreviated; a name shared by numbered books (sam, kings, chr, macc) opens the first of them unless you add the number. The arrow keys move between chapters, and the address bar keeps a link to the verse you clicked, so you can bookmark or share a place.

Each row is one verse. Rows follow the Masoretic verse numbering, so the Hebrew, JPS and Samaritan columns line up exactly. The Septuagint is numbered differently in many places (Psalms, Jeremiah, Exodus 35–40, parts of Kings, Proverbs, Daniel, and dozens of chapter boundaries). Its verses are placed against their Masoretic counterparts, and a small tag such as 50:3 shows the Septuagint's own number when it differs. Greek verses that have no Masoretic counterpart (for example the Prayer of Azariah in Daniel 3) appear in reading order as separate rows marked LXX.

Columns

The chips at the top switch columns on and off. Drag a chip (or a column heading) to reorder; with a chip focused, the ← → keys move it. Your choice is remembered. The Samaritan columns appear only in Genesis–Deuteronomy; the scrolls column appears wherever a manuscript survives, including Ben Sira. Columns marked † are licensed for non-commercial use only.

Words: lexicon and concordance

Hover over any Hebrew word (Masoretic, Samaritan or scroll) or any Greek word to see its dictionary form, Strong's number, a short gloss and its grammar. Click the word to open the concordance on the right: the full lexicon entry, then every occurrence, grouped by book — for Hebrew, separately for the Masoretic text, the Samaritan Pentateuch and the scrolls (with the manuscript named). Click a reference to go there; every form of the word in the chapter is highlighted. You can also type a word or a Strong's number into Lexicon at the top.

In the Masoretic text, a Ketiv (the written form, unpointed) is shown in grey immediately before its Qere (the form read aloud); both carry the Qere's dictionary entry.

Variants

The Samaritan Pentateuch and every scroll are compared word by word with the Masoretic text of the same verse:

In the scrolls, letters in brackets are a modern editor's reconstruction and are never counted as variants; letters with a dotted overline are uncertain; ◦ is a trace of an unreadable letter. Manuscripts written in paleo-Hebrew script, and divine names that square-script scrolls write in paleo-Hebrew, are shown in paleo-Hebrew letters (switchable under Display). Hover a manuscript to see its edition. Display → Dead Sea Scrolls can hide the manuscripts that agree with the Masoretic text, or strip the reconstructions to show only what survives.

The comparison is automatic. It aligns words by spelling, so a transposition or a long rewritten passage can be marked imperfectly, and the spelling rule cannot tell a suffix from a vowel letter. Treat the colours as a finding aid and check a critical edition before building an argument on a reading.

Books outside the Hebrew Bible

Besides the Septuagint-only books, the book list has 1 Enoch and Jubilees (“Other ancient books”), shown in R. H. Charles's English with the Qumran copies beside them, and Psalms has a chapter 151. Their scroll copies — like those of Tobit and Ben Sira — have no verse numbers in the data: each fragment is placed by its published identification, and its lines are spread over those verses, so treat the exact verse boundaries as approximate. Aramaic copies (Tobit 4Q196–199 and all of Enoch) are marked “Aramaic” and have no word lookups.

Rabbinic citations

The small ❝ under a verse number opens the passages of rabbinic literature that cite that verse — Mishnah, Tosefta, both Talmuds, Midrash, Targum and Kabbalah (and, if you tick the box, later halakhah, liturgy and thought) — fetched live from Sefaria, so it needs an internet connection. Each passage is listed with Sefaria's date for the work it comes from and a link to read it there. Sefaria's links include allusions and discussions as well as quotations; those it classes as quotations are marked. It works for the Hebrew Bible, Ben Sira (by Kahana's numbering, e.g. the Talmud's quotations of Ben Sira), Tobit and Jubilees. For 1 Enoch, which the rabbis do not quote, it lists instead the Zohar's passages about a “Book of Enoch”.

How the Septuagint is aligned

Each Greek verse is placed by combining three things: the standard table of Septuagint–Masoretic verse correspondences (SIL's lxx.vrs), the table of Masoretic–English numbering differences, and a comparison of the English of Brenton's Septuagint with the JPS English, which confirms each pairing and catches displaced verses. Where no Masoretic verse is similar enough, the Greek verse stands on its own row.

The Greek word data

No openly licensed word-by-word analysis of Brenton's Greek exists, so each Greek word is matched to the most frequent analysis of the same form in the openly licensed Swete Septuagint (Morpheus parser), then to a lexicon entry. About 95% of words are identified. Parses of ambiguous forms (e.g. αὐτοῦ, τοῦ) can be wrong; the card says "automatic parse" as a reminder.

Building and updating

The page reads prepared data from the data folder; python3 build.py (in the app folder) downloads the sources into sources and rebuilds it in a few minutes. Two files must be added by hand: eng-Brenton_vpl.zip from ebible.org and SPE.zip from CrossWire. python3 build.py --public-domain-only leaves out the three non-commercially-licensed layers; --download-only just fetches the sources. Licences and required credits are listed in SOURCES.md.

About the texts

What each column is, where it comes from, and what to keep in mind when reading it.

Masoretic Text — Westminster Leningrad Codex

The Masoretic text is the Hebrew Bible as transmitted by the Masoretes, scribal scholars active in Tiberias and elsewhere roughly from the 7th to the 10th century, who fixed its vowel points, accents and marginal notes (the Masorah) around a consonantal text that was already essentially stable by the 1st–2nd century CE. The Leningrad Codex (St Petersburg, Firkovich I B 19 A), copied in 1008/1009 CE in the Ben Asher tradition, is the oldest complete manuscript of the Hebrew Bible; the slightly older Aleppo Codex lost most of the Torah in 1947. It is the base of the standard critical editions (BHK, BHS, BHQ).

The Westminster Leningrad Codex is the public-domain digital transcription of it maintained by the J. Alan Groves Center at Westminster Theological Seminary. In this edition a Ketiv appears as its own unpointed word before the pointed Qere.

JPS 1917 — The Holy Scriptures according to the Masoretic Text

The first English Bible translation produced by a committee of Jewish scholars for the Jewish Publication Society of America, under Max L. Margolis as editor-in-chief, published in 1917. Its language deliberately follows the cadence of the King James and Revised Versions, but its renderings follow the Masoretic text and Jewish exegetical tradition, and it keeps the Hebrew chapter and verse numbering. It is in the public domain; its successor, the New JPS (Tanakh, 1985), is not. The electronic edition used here writes the divine names as “HaShem” and “G-d”.

Septuagint — Brenton's Greek text and the Updated Brenton English

The Septuagint is the Jewish translation of the Hebrew scriptures into Greek. The Torah was translated in Alexandria in the 3rd century BCE (the Letter of Aristeas tells the legend of 72 translators under Ptolemy II); the other books followed over the next two centuries. Because it was made from Hebrew manuscripts older than the Masoretic text, it often preserves a different Hebrew text: Jeremiah is about one-seventh shorter and differently ordered (a shorter Hebrew text of this type survives at Qumran in 4QJerb,d), Job is about one-sixth shorter, and Esther and Daniel have long additions. It was the Bible of Philo, Josephus and the New Testament writers, and became the Old Testament of the Greek church, which in turn led Jewish translators (Aquila, Symmachus, Theodotion) to produce closer revisions.

Sir Lancelot C. L. Brenton published an English translation in 1844 and a Greek–English edition in 1851. His Greek is essentially the Sixtine (Roman) edition of 1587, which follows the 4th-century Codex Vaticanus. It is older and less critical than the modern editions of Rahlfs (1935) and Göttingen, which are under copyright. The English column is the Updated Brenton (Adam Boyd, 2020), Brenton's translation with modernised spelling and wording, dedicated to the public domain.

Samaritan Pentateuch †

The Torah as preserved by the Samaritan community of Mount Gerizim (Nablus), written in the Samaritan script, a descendant of the paleo-Hebrew alphabet. It differs from the Masoretic text in about 6,000 places, most of them spelling or grammar; in about 1,900 of them it agrees with the Septuagint. Some readings are distinctively Samaritan, above all the commandment to build an altar on Mount Gerizim added after the Ten Commandments (Exod 20:17; Deut 5:21) and “Gerizim” for “Ebal” in Deut 27:4. Many others — harmonising expansions that copy one passage into its parallel — are shared with “pre-Samaritan” Qumran manuscripts such as 4QpaleoExodm and 4QNumb, showing that the text type is older than the Samaritan schism.

European scholars learned of it in 1616, when Pietro della Valle brought a manuscript from Damascus; it was printed in the Paris (1645) and London (1657) Polyglots, collated by Benjamin Kennicott (1776–80) and edited critically by August von Gall (1914–18). The Hebrew here is Aleksandr Sigalov's digital text, based on Kennicott and checked against von Gall; the English is Sigalov's adaptation of the King James Version to the Samaritan readings. For modern scholarship see Abraham Tal's edition of MS Shechem 6 and Stefan Schorch's critical editio maior.

Dead Sea Scrolls and other Judean Desert manuscripts †

Between 1947 and 1956 the remains of about 950 manuscripts were found in eleven caves near Khirbet Qumran. Some 230 are biblical — every book of the Hebrew Bible except Esther is represented, from tiny fragments to the complete Great Isaiah Scroll (1QIsaa) — dating from about 250 BCE to 68 CE. They are a thousand years older than the Leningrad Codex. Most are close to the ancestor of the Masoretic text (“proto-Masoretic”), but others agree with the Septuagint (4QJerb, 4QSama in places), with the Samaritan text type, or with neither — evidence that several forms of the text circulated side by side before the Masoretic text prevailed.

Manuscripts from other sites fill out the picture: Masada (before its fall in 73/74 CE; excavated by Yigael Yadin, 1963–65) and the Bar Kokhba refuges of Wadi Murabba'at and Naḥal Ḥever (132–135 CE), whose biblical texts are already virtually identical with the Masoretic text, as well as Naḥal Ṣe'elim, Wadi Sdeir and Naḥal Arugot. The official publication is the Discoveries in the Judaean Desert series (Oxford, 1955–2010).

The transcriptions here are those of Martin G. Abegg Jr., James E. Bowley and Edward M. Cook, as converted by the Eep Talstra Centre for Bible and Computer (ETCBC). Each manuscript is labelled with its siglum (e.g. 4QIsad), its DJD number, its find-site and the column or fragment and line. Besides the biblical manuscripts, the copies of Ben Sira, Tobit, 1 Enoch, Jubilees and Psalm 151 are shown under those books. Not every manuscript is in the dataset — notably the Greek scrolls (such as the Greek Minor Prophets from Naḥal Ḥever) are absent, and the Masada Ben Sira scroll is added separately (see Ben Sira).

Ben Sira

The Wisdom of Yeshua ben Eleazar ben Sira, composed in Hebrew in Jerusalem around 190–180 BCE and translated into Greek by his grandson in Egypt after 132 BCE (his prologue explains the difficulty of rendering Hebrew into Greek). It belongs to the Septuagint and to the Catholic and Orthodox canons (Latin Ecclesiasticus) but not to the Jewish one, although the Talmud and midrash quote it. Its Hebrew text was lost to the West until 1896, when Solomon Schechter, Agnes Lewis and Margaret Gibson identified medieval copies in the Cairo Genizah; ancient Hebrew copies then emerged at Qumran and Masada.

About two-thirds of the Hebrew is now known, from six medieval Genizah manuscripts (A–F, 10th–12th century) and three ancient ones: 2QSir (2Q18; Sir 6:14–15, 20–32), the acrostic of Sir 51:13–20, 30 in the Psalms Scroll 11QPsa (columns 21–22), and the Masada scroll (Mas1h), found by Yigael Yadin in 1964 in a casemate room of the fortress and published in 1965: seven columns with Sir 39:27–44:17, copied in the early 1st century BCE, little more than a century after the author. Its agreement with Genizah manuscript B showed that the medieval copies descend from the ancient Hebrew rather than from a translation back from Greek or Syriac.

Here the book is shown in Brenton's Greek and English. The Hebrew column is the Kahana edition, as transcribed on Hebrew Wikisource and distributed by Sefaria (CC BY-SA): a running text built on the Genizah manuscripts, in which words in [brackets] are Kahana's restorations; chapters with no surviving Hebrew are empty. Kahana numbers the verses in the Hebrew order — in the Greek, two blocks of chapters 30–36 are transposed — so his verses have been matched to Brenton's by content for this app, with his own number shown as “Heb.” where it differs. The scrolls column has the three ancient witnesses; the Masada text is Eric Reymond's transcription from bensira.org, which states no licence, so it is only included when you download it yourself. Their placement was made for this app by matching the text; there is no Masoretic text to compare them with, so no variants are marked.

Psalm 151

The Septuagint Psalter ends with a short psalm “outside the number”, in which David recalls tending his father's sheep, his anointing and his victory over Goliath. It belongs to the Greek, Syriac and Ethiopic Bibles but not to the Hebrew one, and was long thought to have been composed in Greek — until the Psalms Scroll from Qumran Cave 11 (11QPsa, published by James Sanders in 1965) turned out to contain a longer Hebrew original in its 28th column, as two poems (151A on David's music and anointing, 151B, broken off, on Goliath). The Greek is a condensed translation of them. The psalm is shown as chapter 151 of Psalms, with the scroll's lines under the Greek verses they correspond to.

Tobit

A Jewish novella of the Eastern diaspora (probably 3rd–2nd century BCE): the pious exile Tobit, blinded in Nineveh, sends his son Tobias to recover money in Media, guided by the angel Raphael in disguise; on the way Tobias marries Sarah and drives off the demon Asmodeus. It is in the Septuagint and the Catholic and Orthodox canons. It survives in two Greek forms — a shorter one (Codices Vaticanus and Alexandrinus, printed by Brenton) and a longer one (Codex Sinaiticus) — and the Qumran copies, four in Aramaic (4Q196–199) and one in Hebrew (4Q200), published by Joseph Fitzmyer in 1995, side with the longer form, which is now generally taken as nearer the original. Their verse placement here follows Fitzmyer's identifications.

1 Enoch

A collection of five works ascribed to Enoch, the seventh from Adam who “walked with God” (Gen 5:24): the Book of the Watchers (ch. 1–36, 3rd century BCE), on the angels who descended to the daughters of men; the Parables (37–71); the Astronomical Book (72–82); the Dream Visions (83–90), with the “Animal Apocalypse” of Israel's history; and the Epistle of Enoch (91–108). It is quoted in the Letter of Jude (1:14–15) and is canonical in the Ethiopian Orthodox Church, whose Ge'ez version is the only complete text; Greek survives for about a third. Józef Milik published the Aramaic fragments from Qumran Cave 4 in 1976: eleven copies, covering every part except the Parables, the oldest from around 200 BCE. The English is R. H. Charles's 1917 translation from the Ethiopic (public domain). The Astronomical scrolls (4Q208–211) contain a much longer calendar than the Ethiopic; only their few passages that match chapters 76–82 are placed.

Jubilees

A retelling of Genesis and Exodus 1–14 as revealed to Moses on Sinai by an “angel of the presence”, dated by a calendar of 49-year jubilees and a 364-day solar year (mid-2nd century BCE). Like 1 Enoch it is canonical only in the Ethiopian church, whose Ge'ez version is the only complete text; parts survive in Latin, Syriac and Greek quotations. Fragments of about fifteen Hebrew copies were found at Qumran, more than of most biblical books, and are published in DJD 13 (VanderKam and Milik, 1994) and DJD 23. The English is R. H. Charles's 1917 translation (public domain).

Lexicon and concordance data

Hebrew words carry the analysis of STEPBible's Translators Amalgamated Hebrew OT (Tyndale House, Cambridge): extended Strong's numbers — James Strong's 1890 numbering, subdivided to follow the Brown–Driver–Briggs lexicon (1906) — with morphology from the ETCBC and an abridged BDB for definitions. Samaritan and scroll words take the analysis of the Masoretic word they correspond to, or, where they differ, of the same written form elsewhere in the Masoretic text. Greek words are matched through the Swete Septuagint and the Morpheus parser to STEPBible's Greek lexicon, which draws on Abbott-Smith (1922) and Liddell–Scott–Jones.

† Licensed for non-commercial use only. Full credits and licences: SOURCES.md.