Textorah

I Chronicles 6

1
בְּנֵי לֵוִי גֵּרְשֹׁם קְהָת וּמְרָרִי
The sons of Levi: Gershom, Kohath and Merari.
2
וְאֵלֶּה שְׁמוֹת בְּנֵי־גֵרְשׁוֹם לִבְנִי וְשִׁמְעִי
And these are the names of the sons of Gershom: Libni, and Shimei.
Καὶ ταῦτα τὰ ὀνόματα τῶν υἱῶν Γεδσὼν, Λοβενὶ, καὶ Σεμεΐ.
And these [are] the names of the sons of Gershom; Libni, and Shimei.
3
וּבְנֵי קְהָת עַמְרָם וְיִצְהָר וְחֶבְרוֹן וְעֻזִּיאֵל
And the sons of Kohath were Amram, and Izhar, and Hebron, and Uzziel.
Υἱοὶ Καὰθ, Ἄμβραμ, καὶ Ἰσσαὰρ, Χεβρὼν, καὶ Ὀζιήλ.
The sons of Kohath; Amram, and Izhar, Hebron, and Uzziel.
4
בְּנֵי מְרָרִי מַחְלִי וּמֻשִׁי וְאֵלֶּה מִשְׁפְּחוֹת הַלֵּוִי לַאֲבוֹתֵיהֶם
The sons of Merari: Mahli, and Mushi. And these are the families of the Levites according to their fathers' houses.
Υἱοὶ Μεραρὶ, Μοολὶ, καὶ ὁ Μουσί· καὶ αὗται αἱ πατριαὶ τοῦ Λευὶ κατὰ πατριὰς αὐτῶν.
The sons of Merari; Mahli and Mushi: and these [are] the families of Levi, according to their families.
5
לְגֵרְשׁוֹם לִבְנִי בְנוֹ יַחַת בְּנוֹ זִמָּה בְנוֹ
Of Gershom: Libni his son, Jahath his son, Zimmah his son;
Τῷ Γεδσὼν, τῷ Λοβενὶ υἱῷ αὐτοῦ, Ἰὲθ υἱὸς αὐτοῦ, Ζαμμὰθ υἱὸς αὐτοῦ,
To Gershom—to Libni his son—[were born] Jahath his son, Zimmah his son,
6
יוֹאָח בְּנוֹ עִדּוֹ בְנוֹ זֶרַח בְּנוֹ יְאָתְרַי בְּנוֹ
Joah his son, Iddo his son, Zerah his son, Jeatherai his son.
Ἰωὰβ υἱὸς αὐτοῦ, Ἀδδὶ υἱὸς αὐτοῦ, Ζαρὰ υἱὸς αὐτοῦ, Ἰεθρὶ υἱὸς αὐτοῦ.
Joah his son, Iddo his son, Zerah his son, Jeatherai his son.
7
בְּנֵי קְהָת עַמִּינָדָב בְּנוֹ קֹרַח בְּנוֹ אַסִּיר בְּנוֹ
The sons of Kohath: Amminadab his son, Korah his son, Assir his son;
Υἱοὶ Καὰθ, Ἀμιναδὰβ υἱὸς αὐτοῦ, Κορὲ υἱὸς αὐτοῦ, Ἀσὴρ υἱὸς αὐτοῦ,
The sons of Kohath; Amminadab his son, Korah his son, Assir his son;
8
אֶלְקָנָה בְנוֹ וְאֶבְיָסָף בְּנוֹ וְאַסִּיר בְּנוֹ
Elkanah his son, and Ebiasaph his son, and Assir his son;
Ἑλκανὰ υἱὸς αὐτοῦ, Ἀβισὰφ υἱὸς αὐτοῦ, Ἀσὴρ υἱὸς αὐτοῦ,
Elkanah his son, Ebiasaph his son, Assir his son:
9
תַּחַת בְּנוֹ אוּרִיאֵל בְּנוֹ עֻזִּיָּה בְנוֹ וְשָׁאוּל בְּנוֹ
Tahath his son, Uriel his son, Uzziah his son, and Shaul his son.
Θαὰθ υἱὸς αὐτοῦ, Οὐριὴλ υἱὸς αὐτοῦ, Ὀζία υἱὸς αὐτοῦ, Σαοὺλ υἱὸς αὐτοῦ.
Tahath his son, Uriel his son, Uzziah his son, Shaul his son.
10
וּבְנֵי אֶלְקָנָה עֲמָשַׂי וַאֲחִימוֹת
And the sons of Elkanah: Amasai, and Ahimoth.
Καὶ υἱοὶ Ἑλκανὰ, Ἀμεσσὶ, καὶ Ἀχιμὼθ,
And the sons of Elkanah; Amasai, and Ahimoth.
11
אֶלְקָנָה בנו בְּנֵי אֶלְקָנָה צוֹפַי בְּנוֹ וְנַחַת בְּנוֹ
As for Elkanah: the sons of Elkanah: Zophai his son, and Nahath his son;
Ἑλκανὰ υἱὸς αὐτοῦ, Σουφὶ υἱὸς αὐτοῦ, Καιναὰθ υἱὸς αὐτοῦ,
Elkanah his son, Zophai his son, Nahath his son;
12
אֱלִיאָב בְּנוֹ יְרֹחָם בְּנוֹ אֶלְקָנָה בְנוֹ
Eliab his son, Jeroham his son, Elkanah his son.
Ἐλιὰβ υἱὸς αὐτοῦ, Ιεροβοὰμ υἱὸς αὐτοῦ, Ἑλκανὰ υἱὸς αὐτοῦ.
Eliab his son, Jeroham his son, Elkanah his son.
13
וּבְנֵי שְׁמוּאֵל הַבְּכֹר וַשְׁנִי וַאֲבִיָּה
And the sons of Samuel: the first-born Vashni; then Abiah.
Υἱοὶ Σαμουὴλ, ὁ πρωτότοκος Σανὶ, καὶ Ἀβιά.
The sons of Samuel; the firstborn Sani, and Abijah.
14
בְּנֵי מְרָרִי מַחְלִי לִבְנִי בְנוֹ שִׁמְעִי בְנוֹ עֻזָּה בְנוֹ
The sons of Merari: Mahli; Libni his son, Shimei his son, Uzzah his son;
Υἱοὶ Μεραρὶ, Μοολὶ, Λοβενὶ υἱὸς αὐτοῦ, Σεμεῒ υἱὸς αὐτοῦ, Ὀζὰ υἱὸς αὐτοῦ,
The sons of Merari; Mahli, Libni his son, Shimei his son, Uzzah his son;
15
שִׁמְעָא בְנוֹ חַגִּיָּה בְנוֹ עֲשָׂיָה בְנוֹ
Shimea his son, Haggiah his son, Asaiah his son.
Σαμαὰ υἱὸς αὐτοῦ, Ἀγγία υἱὸς αὐτοῦ, Ἀσαῒας υἱὸς αὐτοῦ.
Shimea his son, Haggiah his son, Asaiah his son.
16
וְאֵלֶּה אֲשֶׁר הֶעֱמִיד דָּוִיד עַל־יְדֵי־שִׁיר בֵּית יְהוָה מִמְּנוֹחַ הָאָרוֹן
And these are they whom David set over the service of song in the house of HaShem, after that the ark had rest.
Καὶ οὗτοι οὓς κατέστησε Δαυὶδ ἐπὶ χεῖρας ᾀδόντων ἐν οἴκῳ Κυρίου ἐν τῇ καταπαύσει τῆς κιβωτοῦ.
And these [were the men] whom David set over the service of the singers in the house of the Lord when the ark was at rest.
17
וַיִּהְיוּ מְשָׁרְתִים לִפְנֵי מִשְׁכַּן אֹהֶל־מוֹעֵד בַּשִּׁיר עַד־בְּנוֹת שְׁלֹמֹה אֶת־בֵּית יְהוָה בִּירוּשָׁלָ͏ִם וַיַּעַמְדוּ כְמִשְׁפָּטָם עַל־עֲבוֹדָתָם
And they ministered with song before the tabernacle of the tent of meeting, until Solomon had built the house of HaShem in Jerusalem; and they took their station at their service according to their order.
Καὶ ἦσαν λειτουργοῦντες ἐναντίον τῆς σκηνῆς τοῦ μαρτυρίου ἐν ὀργάνοις, ἕως οὗ ᾠκοδόμησε Σαλωμὼν τὸν οἶκον Κυρίου ἐν Ἱερουσαλήμ· καὶ ἔστησαν κατὰ τὴν κρίσιν αὐτῶν ἐπὶ τὰς λειτουργίας αὐτῶν.
And they ministered in front of the tabernacle of witness [playing] on instruments, until Solomon built the house of the Lord in Jerusalem; and they stood according to their order for their services.
18
וְאֵלֶּה הָעֹמְדִים וּבְנֵיהֶם מִבְּנֵי הַקְּהָתִי הֵימָן הַמְשׁוֹרֵר בֶּן־יוֹאֵל בֶּן־שְׁמוּאֵל
And these are they that took their station, and their sons. Of the sons of the Kohathites: Heman the singer, the son of Joel, the son of Samuel;
Καὶ οὗτοι οἱ ἑστηκότες, καὶ υἱοὶ αὐτῶν ἐκ τῶν υἱῶν τοῦ Καὰθ, Αἰμὰν ὁ ψαλτῳδὸς υἱὸς Ἰωὴλ, υἱοῦ Σαμουὴλ,
And these [were the men] that stood, and their sons, of the sons of Kohath: Heman the psalm singer, son of Joel, the son of Samuel,
19
בֶּן־אֶלְקָנָה בֶּן־יְרֹחָם בֶּן־אֱלִיאֵל בֶּן־תּוֹחַ
the son of Elkanah, the son of Jeroham, the son of Eliel, the son of Toah;
υἱοῦ Ἑλκανὰ, υἱοῦ Ἱεροβοὰμ, υἱοῦ Ἐλιὴλ, υἱοῦ Θοοὺ,
the son of Elkanah, the son of Jeroham, the son of Eliel, the son of Toah,
20
בֶּן־ציף צוּף בֶּן־אֶלְקָנָה בֶּן־מַחַת בֶּן־עֲמָשָׂי
the son of Zuph, the son of Elkanah, the son of Mahath, the son of Amasai;
υἱοῦ Σοὺφ, υἱοῦ Ἑλκανὰ, υἱοῦ Μαὰθ, υἱοῦ Ἀμαθὶ,
the son of Zuph, the son of Elkanah, the son of Mahath, the son of Amasai,
21
בֶּן־אֶלְקָנָה בֶּן־יוֹאֵל בֶּן־עֲזַרְיָה בֶּן־צְפַנְיָה
the son of Elkanah, the son of Joel, the son of Azariah, the son of Zephaniah;
υἱοῦ Ἑλκανὰ, υἱοῦ Ἰωὴλ, υἱοῦ Ἀζαρία, υἱοῦ Σαφανία,
the son of Elkanah, the son of Joel, the son of Azariah, the son of Zephaniah,
22
בֶּן־תַּחַת בֶּן־אַסִּיר בֶּן־אֶבְיָסָף בֶּן־קֹרַח
the son of Tahath, the son of Assir, the son of Ebiasaph, the son of Korah;
υἱοῦ Θαὰθ, υἱοῦ Ἀσὴρ, υἱοῦ Ἀβιασὰφ, υἱοῦ Κορὲ,
the son of Tahath, the son of Assir, the son of Ebiasaph, the son of Korah,
23
בֶּן־יִצְהָר בֶּן־קְהָת בֶּן־לֵוִי בֶּן־יִשְׂרָאֵל
the son of Izhar, the son of Kohath, the son of Levi, the son of Israel.
υἱοῦ Ἰσαὰρ, υἱοῦ Καὰθ, υἱοῦ Λευὶ, υἱοῦ Ἰσραήλ.
the son of Izhar, the son of Kohath, the son of Levi, the son of Israel.
24
וְאָחִיו אָסָף הָעֹמֵד עַל־יְמִינוֹ אָסָף בֶּן־בֶּרֶכְיָהוּ בֶּן־שִׁמְעָא
And his brother Asaph, who stood on his right hand; even Asaph the son of Berechiah, the son of Shimea;
Καὶ ὁ ἀδελφὸς αὐτοῦ Ἀσὰρ ὁ ἑστηκὼς ἐν δεξιᾷ αὐτοῦ· Ἀσὰρ υἱὸς Βαραχία, υἱοῦ Σαμαὰ,
And his brother Asaph, who stood at his right hand; Asaph the son of Berechiah, the son of Shimea,
25
בֶּן־מִיכָאֵל בֶּן־בַּעֲשֵׂיָה בֶּן־מַלְכִּיָּה
the son of Michael, the son of Baaseiah, the son of Malchijah;
υἱοῦ Μιχαὴλ, υἱοῦ Βαασία, υἱοῦ Μελχία,
the son of Michael, the son of Baaseiah, the son of Malchijah,
26
בֶּן־אֶתְנִי בֶן־זֶרַח בֶּן־עֲדָיָה
the son of Ethni, the son of Zerah, the son of Adaiah;
υἱοῦ Ἀθανὶ, υἱοῦ Ζααραῒ, υἱοῦ Ἀδαῒ,
the son of Ethni, the son of Zerah,
27
בֶּן־אֵיתָן בֶּן־זִמָּה בֶּן־שִׁמְעִי
the son of Ethan, the son of Zimmah, the son of Shimei;
υἱοῦ Αἰθὰμ, υἱοῦ Ζαμμὰμ, υἱοῦ Σεμεῒ,
the son of Adaiah, the son of Ethan, the son of Zimmah, the son of Shimei,
28
בֶּן־יַחַת בֶּן־גֵּרְשֹׁם בֶּן־לֵוִי
the son of Jahath, the son of Gershom, the son of Levi.
υἱοῦ Ἰεὲθ, υἱοῦ Γεδσὼν, υἱοῦ Λευί.
the son of Jahath, the son of Gershom, the son of Levi.
29
וּבְנֵי מְרָרִי אֲחֵיהֶם עַל־הַשְּׂמֹאול אֵיתָן בֶּן־קִישִׁי בֶּן־עַבְדִּי בֶּן־מַלּוּךְ
And on the left hand their brethren the sons of Merari: Ethan the son of Kishi, the son of Abdi, the son of Malluch;
Καὶ υἱοὶ Μεραρὶ οἱ ἀδελφοὶ αὐτῶν ἐξ ἀριστερῶν· Αἰθὰμ υἱὸς Κισὰ, υἱοῦ Ἀβαῒ, υἱοῦ Μαλῶχ,
And the sons of Merari their brethren on the left hand: Ethan the son of Kishi, the son of Abdi, the son of Malluch,
30
בֶּן־חֲשַׁבְיָה בֶן־אֲמַצְיָה בֶּן־חִלְקִיָּה
the son of Hashabiah, the son of Amaziah, the son of Hilkiah;
υἱοῦ Ἀσεβὶ, υἱοῦ Ἀμεσσία,
the son of Hashabiah,
31
בֶּן־אַמְצִי בֶן־בָּנִי בֶּן־שָׁמֶר
the son of Amzi, the son of Bani, the son of Shemer;
υἱοῦ Βανὶ, υἱοῦ Σεμὴρ,
the son of Amaziah, the son of Bani, the son of Shemer,
32
בֶּן־מַחְלִי בֶּן־מוּשִׁי בֶּן־מְרָרִי בֶּן־לֵוִי
the son of Mahli, the son of Mushi, the son of Merari, the son of Levi.
υἱοῦ Μοολὶ, υἱοῦ Μουσὶ, υἱοῦ Μεραρὶ, υἱοῦ Λευί.
the son of Mahli, the son of Mushi, the son of Merari, the son of Levi.
33
וַאֲחֵיהֶם הַלְוִיִּם נְתוּנִים לְכָל־עֲבוֹדַת מִשְׁכַּן בֵּית הָאֱלֹהִים
And their brethren the Levites were appointed for all the service of the tabernacle of the house of G-d.
Καὶ οἱ ἀδελφοὶ αὐτῶν κατʼ οἴκους πατριῶν αὐτῶν, οἱ Λευῖται οἱ δεδομένοι εἰς πᾶσαν ἐργασίαν λειτουργίας σκηνῆς οἴκου τοῦ Θεοῦ.
And their brethren according to the houses of their fathers, [were] the Levites who were appointed to all the work of ministration of the tabernacle of the house of God.
34
וְאַהֲרֹן וּבָנָיו מַקְטִירִים עַל־מִזְבַּח הָעוֹלָה וְעַל־מִזְבַּח הַקְּטֹרֶת לְכֹל מְלֶאכֶת קֹדֶשׁ הַקֳּדָשִׁים וּלְכַפֵּר עַל־יִשְׂרָאֵל כְּכֹל אֲשֶׁר צִוָּה מֹשֶׁה עֶבֶד הָאֱלֹהִים
But Aaron and his sons offered upon the altar of burnt-offering, and upon the altar of incense, for all the work of the most holy place, and to make atonement for Israel, according to all that Moses the servant of G-d had commanded.
Καὶ Ἀαρὼν καὶ υἱοὶ αὐτοῦ θυμιῶντες ἐπὶ τὸ θυσιαστήριον τῶν ὁλοκαυτωμάτων, καὶ ἐπὶ τὸ θυσιαστήριον τῶν θυμιαμάτων εἰς πᾶσαν ἐργασίαν ἅγια τῶν ἁγίων, καὶ ἐξιλάσκεσθαι περὶ Ἰσραὴλ, κατὰ πάντα ὅσα ἐνετείλατο Μωυσῆς παῖς τοῦ Θεοῦ.
And Aaron and his sons [were] to burn incense on the altar of whole burnt offerings, and on the altar of incense, for all the ministry [in] the holy of holies, and to make atonement for Israel, according to all things that Moses the servant of the Lord commanded.
35
וְאֵלֶּה בְּנֵי אַהֲרֹן אֶלְעָזָר בְּנוֹ פִּינְחָס בְּנוֹ אֲבִישׁוּעַ בְּנוֹ
And these are the sons of Aaron: Eleazar his son, Phinehas his son, Abishua his son;
Καὶ οὗτοι υἱοὶ Ἀαρών· Ἐλεάζαρ υἱὸς αὐτοῦ, Φινεὲς υἱὸς αὐτοῦ, Ἀβισοὺ υἱὸς αὐτοῦ,
And these [are] the sons of Aaron; Eleazar his son, Phinehas his son, Abishua his son,
36
בֻּקִּי בְנוֹ עֻזִּי בְנוֹ זְרַחְיָה בְנוֹ
Bukki his son, Uzzi his son, Zerahiah his son;
Βοκκὶ υἱὸς αὐτοῦ, Ὀζὶ υἱὸς αὐτοῦ, Σαραῒα υἱὸς αὐτοῦ,
Bukki his son, Uzzi his son, Zerahiah his son,
37
מְרָיוֹת בְּנוֹ אֲמַרְיָה בְנוֹ אֲחִיטוּב בְּנוֹ
Meraioth his son, Amariah his son, Ahitub his son;
Μαριὴλ υἱὸς αὐτοῦ, Ἀμαρία υἱὸς αὐτοῦ, Ἀχιτὼβ υἱὸς αὐτοῦ,
Meraioth his son, Amariah his son, Ahitub his son,
38
צָדוֹק בְּנוֹ אֲחִימַעַץ בְּנוֹ
Zadok his son, Ahimaaz his son.
Σαδὼκ υἱὸς αὐτοῦ, Ἀχιμάας υἱὸς αὐτοῦ.
Zadok his son, Ahimaaz his son.
39
וְאֵלֶּה מוֹשְׁבוֹתָם לְטִירוֹתָם בִּגְבוּלָם לִבְנֵי אַהֲרֹן לְמִשְׁפַּחַת הַקְּהָתִי כִּי לָהֶם הָיָה הַגּוֹרָל
Now these are their dwelling-places according to their encampments in their borders: to the sons of Aaron, of the families of the Kohathites, for theirs was the first lot,
Καὶ αὗται αἱ κατοικίαι αὐτῶν ἐν ταῖς κώμαις αὐτῶν, ἐν τοῖς ὁρίοις αὐτῶν, τοῖς υἱοῖς Ἀαρὼν τῇ πατριᾷ αὐτῶν τοῖς Κααθὶ, ὅτι αὐτοῖς ἐγένετο ὁ κλῆρος.
And these [are] their residences in their villages, in their coasts, to the sons of Aaron, to their family the Kohathites: for they had the lot.
40
וַיִּתְּנוּ לָהֶם אֶת־חֶבְרוֹן בְּאֶרֶץ יְהוּדָה וְאֶת־מִגְרָשֶׁיהָ סְבִיבֹתֶיהָ
to them they gave Hebron in the land of Judah, and the open land round about it;
Καὶ ἔδωκαν αὐτοῖς τὴν Χεβρὼν ἐν γῇ Ἰούδα, καὶ τὰ περισπόρια αὐτῆς κύκλῳ αὐτῆς.
And they gave them Hebron in the land of Judah, and its suburbs round about it.
41
וְאֶת־שְׂדֵה הָעִיר וְאֶת־חֲצֵרֶיהָ נָתְנוּ לְכָלֵב בֶּן־יְפֻנֶּה
but the fields of the city, and the villages thereof, they gave to Caleb the son of Jephunneh.
Καὶ τὰ πεδία τῆς πόλεως, καὶ τὰς κώμας αὐτῆς ἔδωκαν τῷ Χαλὲβ υἱῷ Ἰεφοννή.
But the fields of the city, and its villages, they gave to Caleb the son of Jephunneh.
42
וְלִבְנֵי אַהֲרֹן נָתְנוּ אֶת־עָרֵי הַמִּקְלָט אֶת־חֶבְרוֹן וְאֶת־לִבְנָה וְאֶת־מִגְרָשֶׁיהָ וְאֶת־יַתִּר וְאֶת־אֶשְׁתְּמֹעַ וְאֶת־מִגְרָשֶׁיהָ
And to the sons of Aaron they gave the city of refuge, Hebron; Libnah also with the open land about it, and Jattir, and Eshtemoa with the open land about it;
Καὶ τοῖς υἱοῖς Ἀαρὼν ἔδωκαν τὰς πόλεις τῶν φυγαδευτηρίων, τὴν Χεβρὼν, καὶ τὴν Λοβνὰ καὶ τὰ περισπόρια αὐτῆς, καὶ τὴν Σελνὰ καὶ τὰ περισπόρια αὐτῆς, καὶ τὴν Ἐσθαμὼ καὶ τὰ περισπόρια αὐτῆς,
And to the sons of Aaron they gave the cities of refuge, [even] Hebron, and Libnah and her suburbs round about, and Hilen and her suburbs, and Eshtemoa and her suburbs,
43
וְאֶת־חִילֵז וְאֶת־מִגְרָשֶׁיהָ אֶת־דְּבִיר וְאֶת־מִגְרָשֶׁיהָ
and Hilen with the open land about it, Debir with the open land about it;
καὶ τὴν Ἰεθὰρ καὶ τὰ περισπόρια αὐτῆς, καὶ τὴν Δαβὶρ καὶ τὰ περισπόρια αὐτῆς,
and Jattir and her suburbs, and Debir and her suburbs,
44
וְאֶת־עָשָׁן וְאֶת־מִגְרָשֶׁיהָ וְאֶת־בֵּית שֶׁמֶשׁ וְאֶת־מִגְרָשֶׁיהָ
and Ashan with the open land about it, and Beth-shemesh with the open land about it;
καὶ τὴν Ἀσὰν καὶ τὰ περισπόρια αὐτῆς, καὶ τὴν Βαιθσαμὺς καὶ τὰ περισπόρια αὐτῆς·
and Ashan and her suburbs, and Beth-shemesh and her suburbs:
45
וּמִמַּטֵּה בִנְיָמִן אֶת־גֶּבַע וְאֶת־מִגְרָשֶׁיהָ וְאֶת־עָלֶמֶת וְאֶת־מִגְרָשֶׁיהָ וְאֶת־עֲנָתוֹת וְאֶת־מִגְרָשֶׁיהָ כָּל־עָרֵיהֶם שְׁלֹשׁ־עֶשְׂרֵה עִיר בְּמִשְׁפְּחוֹתֵיהֶם
and out of the tribe of Benjamin: Geba with the open land about it, and Alemeth with the open land about it, and Anathoth with the open land about it. All their cities throughout their families were thirteen cities.
Καὶ ἐκ φυλῆς Βενιαμὶν τὴν Γαβαῒ καὶ τὰ περισπόρια αὐτῆς, καὶ τὴν Γαλεμὰθ καὶ τὰ περισπόρια αὐτῆς, καὶ τὴν Ἀναθὼθ καὶ τὰ περισπόρια αὐτῆς· πᾶσαι αἱ πόλεις αὐτῶν τρισκαίδεκα πόλεις κατὰ πατριὰς αὐτῶν.
and of the tribe of Benjamin Gibeon and her suburbs, and Alemeth and her suburbs, and Anathoth and her suburbs: all their cities [were] thirteen cities according to their families.
46
וְלִבְנֵי קְהָת הַנּוֹתָרִים מִמִּשְׁפַּחַת הַמַּטֶּה מִמַּחֲצִית מַטֵּה חֲצִי מְנַשֶּׁה בַּגּוֹרָל עָרִים עָשֶׂר
And unto the rest of the sons of Kohath were given by lot, out of the family of the tribe, out of the half-tribe, the half of Manasseh, ten cities.
Καὶ τοῖς υἱοῖς Καὰθ τοῖς καταλοίποις ἐκ τῶν πατριῶν ἐκ τῆς φυλῆς ἐκ τοῦ ἡμίσους φυλῆς Μανασσῆ, κλήρῳ πόλεις δέκα.
And to the sons of Kohath that were left of their families, [there were given] out of the tribe, [namely], out of the half-tribe of Manasseh, by lot, ten cities.
47
וְלִבְנֵי גֵרְשׁוֹם לְמִשְׁפְּחוֹתָם מִמַּטֵּה יִשָׂשכָר וּמִמַּטֵּה אָשֵׁר וּמִמַּטֵּה נַפְתָּלִי וּמִמַּטֵּה מְנַשֶּׁה בַּבָּשָׁן עָרִים שְׁלֹשׁ עֶשְׂרֵה
And to the sons of Gershom, according to their families, out of the tribe of Issachar, and out of the tribe of Asher, and out of the tribe of Naphtali, and out of the tribe of Manasseh in Bashan, thirteen cities.
Καὶ τοῖς υἱοῖς Γεδσὼν κατὰ πατριὰς αὐτῶν ἐκ φυλῆς Ἰσσάχαρ, ἐκ φυλῆς Ἀσὴρ, ἀπὸ φυλῆς Νεφθαλὶ, ἐκ φυλῆς Μανασσῆ ἐν τῇ Βασὰν, πόλεις τρισκαίδεκα.
And to the sons of Gershom according to their families [there were given] thirteen cities of the tribe of Issachar, of the tribe of Asher, of the tribe of Naphtali, of the tribe of Manasseh in Bashan.
48
לִבְנֵי מְרָרִי לְמִשְׁפְּחוֹתָם מִמַּטֵּה רְאוּבֵן וּמִמַּטֵּה־גָד וּמִמַּטֵּה זְבוּלֻן בַּגּוֹרָל עָרִים שְׁתֵּים עֶשְׂרֵה
Unto the sons of Merari were given by lot, according to their families, out of the tribe of Reuben, and out of the tribe of Gad, and out of the tribe of Zebulun, twelve cities.
Καὶ τοῖς υἱοῖς Μεραρὶ κατὰ πατριὰς αὐτῶν ἐκ φυλῆς Ῥουβὴν, ἐκ φυλῆς Γὰδ, ἐκ φυλῆς Ζαβουλὼν, κλήρῳ πόλεις δεκαδύο.
And to the sons of Merari according to their families [there were given], by lot, twelve cities of the tribe of Reuben, of the tribe of Gad, [and] of the tribe of Zebulun.
49
וַיִּתְּנוּ בְנֵי־יִשְׂרָאֵל לַלְוִיִּם אֶת־הֶעָרִים וְאֶת־מִגְרְשֵׁיהֶם
So the children of Israel gave to the Levites the cities with the open land about them.
Καὶ ἔδωκαν οἱ υἱοὶ Ἰσραὴλ τοῖς Λευίταις τὰς πόλεις καὶ τὰ περισπόρια αὐτῶν.
So the children of Israel gave to the Levites the cities and their suburbs.
50
וַיִּתְּנוּ בַגּוֹרָל מִמַּטֵּה בְנֵי־יְהוּדָה וּמִמַּטֵּה בְנֵי־שִׁמְעוֹן וּמִמַּטֵּה בְּנֵי בִנְיָמִן אֵת הֶעָרִים הָאֵלֶּה אֲשֶׁר־יִקְרְאוּ אֶתְהֶם בְּשֵׁמוֹת
And they gave by lot out of the tribe of the children of Judah, and out of the tribe of the children of Simeon, and out of the tribe of the children of Benjamin, these cities which are mentioned by name.
Καὶ ἔδωκαν ἐν κλήρῳ ἐκ φυλῆς υἱῶν Ἰούδα, καὶ ἐκ φυλῆς υἱῶν Συμεὼν, καὶ ἐκ φυλῆς υἱῶν Βενιαμὶν τὰς πόλεις ταύτας ἃς ἐκάλεσαν αὐτὰς ἐπʼ ὀνόματος.
And they gave by lot out of the tribe of the children of Judah, and out of the tribe of the children of Simeon, and out of the tribe of the children of Benjamin, these cities which they call by name.
51
וּמִמִּשְׁפְּחוֹת בְּנֵי קְהָת וַיְהִי עָרֵי גְבוּלָם מִמַּטֵּה אֶפְרָיִם
And some of the families of the sons of Kohath had cities of their borders out of the tribe of Ephraim.
Καὶ ἀπὸ τῶν πατριῶν υἱῶν Καὰθ, καὶ ἐγένοντο πόλεις τῶν ὁρίων αὐτῶν ἐκ φυλῆς Ἐφραίμ.
And [to the members] of the families of the sons of Kohath there were also given the cities of their borders out of the tribe of Ephraim.
52
וַיִּתְּנוּ לָהֶם אֶת־עָרֵי הַמִּקְלָט אֶת־שְׁכֶם וְאֶת־מִגְרָשֶׁיהָ בְּהַר אֶפְרָיִם וְאֶת־גֶּזֶר וְאֶת־מִגְרָשֶׁיהָ
And they gave unto them the city of refuge, Shechem in the hill-country of Ephraim with the open land about it; Gezer also with the open land about it;
Καὶ ἔδωκαν αὐτοῖς τὰς πόλεις τῶν φυγαδευτηρίων, τὴν Συχὲμ καὶ τὰ περισπόρια αὐτῆς ἐν ὄρει Ἐφραὶμ, καὶ τὴν Γαζὲρ καὶ τὰ περισπόρια αὐτῆς,
And they gave them the cities of refuge, Shechem and her suburbs in Mount Ephraim, and Gezer and her suburbs,
53
וְאֶת־יָקְמְעָם וְאֶת־מִגְרָשֶׁיהָ וְאֶת־בֵּית חוֹרוֹן וְאֶת־מִגְרָשֶׁיהָ
and Jokmeam with the open land about it, and Bethhoron with the open land about it;
καὶ τὴν Ἰεκμαὰν καὶ τὰ περισπόρια αὐτῆς, καὶ τὴν Βαιθωρὼν καὶ τὰ περισπόρια αὐτῆς,
and Jokmeam and her suburbs, and Beth-horon and her suburbs,
54
וְאֶת־אַיָּלוֹן וְאֶת־מִגְרָשֶׁיהָ וְאֶת־גַּת־רִמּוֹן וְאֶת־מִגְרָשֶׁיהָ
and Aijalon with the open land about it, and Gath-rimmon with the open land about it;
καὶ τὴν Αἰλὼν καὶ τὰ περισπόρια αὐτῆς, καὶ τὴν Γεθρεμμὼν καὶ τὰ περισπόρια αὐτῆς·
and Aijalon and her suburbs, and Gath-rimmon and her suburbs:
55
וּמִמַּחֲצִית מַטֵּה מְנַשֶּׁה אֶת־עָנֵר וְאֶת־מִגְרָשֶׁיהָ וְאֶת־בִּלְעָם וְאֶת־מִגְרָשֶׁיהָ לְמִשְׁפַּחַת לִבְנֵי־קְהָת הַנּוֹתָרִים
and out of the half-tribe of Manasseh: Aner with the open land about it, and Bileam with the open land about it, for the rest of the family of the sons of Kohath.
Καὶ ἀπὸ τοῦ ἡμίσους φυλῆς Μανασσῆ τὴν Ἀνὰρ καὶ τὰ περισπόρια αὐτῆς, καὶ τὴν Ἰεμβλάαν καὶ τὰ περισπόρια αὐτῆς, κατὰ πατριὰν τοῖς υἱοῖς Καὰθ τοῖς καταλοίποις.
and of the half-tribe of Manasseh Aner and her suburbs, and Bileam and her suburbs, to the sons of Kohath that were left, according to [each several] family.
56
לִבְנֵי גֵּרְשׁוֹם מִמִּשְׁפַּחַת חֲצִי מַטֵּה מְנַשֶּׁה אֶת־גּוֹלָן בַּבָּשָׁן וְאֶת־מִגְרָשֶׁיהָ וְאֶת־עַשְׁתָּרוֹת וְאֶת־מִגְרָשֶׁיהָ
Unto the sons of Gershom were given, out of the family of the half-tribe of Manasseh, Golan in Bashan with the open land about it, and Ashtaroth with the open land about it;
Τοῖς υἱοῖς Γεδσὼν ἀπὸ πατριῶν ἡμίσους φυλῆς Μανασσῆ τὴν Γωλὰν ἐκ τῆς Βασὰν καὶ τὰ περιπόλια αὐτῆς, καὶ τὴν Ἀσηρὼθ καὶ τὰ περιπόλια αὐτῆς·
To the sons of Gershom from the families of the half-tribe of Manasseh [they gave] Golan of Bashan and her suburbs, and Ashtaroth and her suburbs.
57
וּמִמַּטֵּה יִשָׂשכָר אֶת־קֶדֶשׁ וְאֶת־מִגְרָשֶׁיהָ אֶת־דָּבְרַת וְאֶת־מִגְרָשֶׁיהָ
and out of the tribe of Issachar: Kedesh with the open land about it, Dobrath with the open land about it;
Καὶ ἐκ φυλῆς Ἰσσάχαρ τὴν Κέδες καὶ τὰ περισπόρια αὐτῆς, καὶ τὴν Δεβερὶ καὶ τὰ περισπόρια αὐτῆς, καὶ τὴν Δαβὼρ καὶ τὰ περισπόρια αὐτῆς,
And out of the tribe of Issachar, Kedesh and her suburbs, and Daberath and her suburbs, and Dabor and her suburbs,
58
וְאֶת־רָאמוֹת וְאֶת־מִגְרָשֶׁיהָ וְאֶת־עָנֵם וְאֶת־מִגְרָשֶׁיהָ
and Ramoth with the open land about it, and Anem with the open land about it;
καὶ τὴν Ῥαμὼθ, καὶ τὴν Αἰνὰν καὶ τὰ περισπόρια αὐτῆς.
and Ramoth, and Anem and her suburbs.
59
וּמִמַּטֵּה אָשֵׁר אֶת־מָשָׁל וְאֶת־מִגְרָשֶׁיהָ וְאֶת־עַבְדּוֹן וְאֶת־מִגְרָשֶׁיהָ
and out of the tribe of Asher: Mashal with the open land about it, and Abdon with the open land about it;
Καὶ ἐκ φυλῆς Ἀσὴρ τὴν Μαασὰλ καὶ τὰ περισπόρια αὐτῆς, καὶ τὴν Ἀβδὼν καὶ τὰ περισπόρια αὐτῆς,
And of the tribe of Asher; Mashal and her suburbs, and Abdon and her suburbs,
60
וְאֶת־חוּקֹק וְאֶת־מִגְרָשֶׁיהָ וְאֶת־רְחֹב וְאֶת־מִגְרָשֶׁיהָ
and Hukok with the open land about it; and Rehob with the open land about it;
καὶ τὴν Ἀκὰκ καὶ τὰ περισπόρια αὐτῆς, καὶ τὴν Ῥοὼβ καὶ τὰ περισπόρια αὐτῆς·
and Hukok and her suburbs, and Rehob and her suburbs.
61
וּמִמַּטֵּה נַפְתָּלִי אֶת־קֶדֶשׁ בַּגָּלִיל וְאֶת־מִגְרָשֶׁיהָ וְאֶת־חַמּוֹן וְאֶת־מִגְרָשֶׁיהָ וְאֶת־קִרְיָתַיִם וְאֶת־מִגְרָשֶׁיהָ
and out of the tribe of Naphtali: Kedesh in Galilee with the open land about it, and Hammon with the open land about it, and Kiriathaim with the open land about it.
Καὶ ἀπὸ φυλῆς Νεφθαλὶ τὴν Κέδες ἐν τῇ Γαλιλαίᾳ καὶ τὰ περισπόρια αὐτῆς, καὶ τὴν Χαμὼθ καὶ τὰ περισπόρια αὐτῆς, καὶ τὴν Καριαθαῒμ καὶ τὰ περισπόρια αὐτῆς.
And of the tribe of Naphtali; Kedesh in Galilee and her suburbs, and Hammon and her suburbs, and Kiriathaim and her suburbs.
62
לִבְנֵי מְרָרִי הַנּוֹתָרִים מִמַּטֵּה זְבוּלֻן אֶת־רִמּוֹנוֹ וְאֶת־מִגְרָשֶׁיהָ אֶת־תָּבוֹר וְאֶת־מִגְרָשֶׁיהָ
Unto the rest of the Levites, the sons of Merari, were given, out of the tribe of Zebulun, Rimmono with the open land about it, Tabor with the open land about it;
Τοῖς υἱοῖς Μεραρὶ τοῖς καταλοίποις ἐκ φυλῆς Ζαβουλὼν τὴν Ῥεμμὼν καὶ τὰ περισπόρια αὐτῆς, καὶ τὴν Θαβὼρ καὶ τὰ περισπόρια αὐτῆς,
To the sons of Merari that were left, [they gave] out of the tribe of Zebulun Rimmono and her suburbs, and Tabor and her suburbs:
63
וּמֵעֵבֶר לְיַרְדֵּן יְרֵחוֹ לְמִזְרַח הַיַּרְדֵּן מִמַּטֵּה רְאוּבֵן אֶת־בֶּצֶר בַּמִּדְבָּר וְאֶת־מִגְרָשֶׁיהָ וְאֶת־יַהְצָה וְאֶת־מִגְרָשֶׁיהָ
and beyond the Jordan at Jericho, on the east side of the Jordan, were given them, out of the tribe of Reuben, Bezer in the wilderness with the open land about it, and Jahaz with the open land about it,
ἐκ τοῦ πέραν τοῦ Ἰορδάνου τὴν Ἱεριχὼ κατὰ δυσμὰς τοῦ Ἰορδάνου· ἐκ φυλῆς Ῥουβὴν τὴν Βοσὸρ ἐν τῇ ἐρήμῳ καὶ τὰ περισπόρια αὐτῆς, καὶ τὴν Ἰασὰ καὶ τὰ περισπόρια αὐτῆς,
out of [the country] beyond Jordan; Jericho westward of Jordan: out of the tribe of Reuben; Bezer in the wilderness and her suburbs, and Jahzah and her suburbs,
64
וְאֶת־קְדֵמוֹת וְאֶת־מִגְרָשֶׁיהָ וְאֶת־מֵיפַעַת וְאֶת־מִגְרָשֶׁיהָ
and Kedemoth with the open land about it, and Mephaath with the open land about it;
καὶ τὴν Καδμὼθ καὶ τὰ περισπόρια αὐτῆς, καὶ τὴν Μαεφλὰ καὶ τὰ περισπόρια αὐτῆς·
and Kedemoth and her suburbs, and Mephaath and her suburbs.
65
וּמִמַּטֵּה־גָד אֶת־רָאמוֹת בַּגִּלְעָד וְאֶת־מִגְרָשֶׁיהָ וְאֶת־מַחֲנַיִם וְאֶת־מִגְרָשֶׁיהָ
and out of the tribe of Gad: Ramoth in Gilead with the open land about it, and Mahanaim with the open land about it,
Ἐκ φυλῆς Γὰδ τὴν Ῥαμμὼθ Γαλαὰδ καὶ τὰ περισπόρια αὐτῆς, καὶ τὴν Μααναῒμ καὶ τὰ περισπόρια αὐτῆς,
Out of the tribe of Gad; Ramoth-gilead and her suburbs, and Mahanaim and her suburbs,
66
וְאֶת־חֶשְׁבּוֹן וְאֶת־מִגְרָשֶׁיהָ וְאֶת־יַעְזֵיר וְאֶת־מִגְרָשֶׁיהָ
and Heshbon with the open land about it, and Jazer with the open land about it.
καὶ τὴν Ἐσεβὼν καὶ τὰ περισπόρια αὐτῆς, καὶ τὴν Ἰαζὴρ καὶ τὰ περισπόρια αὐτῆς.
and Heshbon and her suburbs, and Jazer and her suburbs.

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A parallel reader for the Hebrew Bible and its oldest witnesses: the Masoretic text, the Samaritan Pentateuch, the Dead Sea Scrolls and the Septuagint, each with an English translation where one is available.

Reading a chapter

Choose a book and chapter at the top, or type a reference into Go to (Isa 53:11, 1 Sam 3, sam 3:4, ii kgs 2, ben sira 51). Book names can be abbreviated; a name shared by numbered books (sam, kings, chr, macc) opens the first of them unless you add the number. The arrow keys move between chapters, and the address bar keeps a link to the verse you clicked, so you can bookmark or share a place.

Each row is one verse. Rows follow the Masoretic verse numbering, so the Hebrew, JPS and Samaritan columns line up exactly. The Septuagint is numbered differently in many places (Psalms, Jeremiah, Exodus 35–40, parts of Kings, Proverbs, Daniel, and dozens of chapter boundaries). Its verses are placed against their Masoretic counterparts, and a small tag such as 50:3 shows the Septuagint's own number when it differs. Greek verses that have no Masoretic counterpart (for example the Prayer of Azariah in Daniel 3) appear in reading order as separate rows marked LXX.

Columns

The chips at the top switch columns on and off. Drag a chip (or a column heading) to reorder; with a chip focused, the ← → keys move it. Your choice is remembered. The Samaritan columns appear only in Genesis–Deuteronomy; the scrolls column appears wherever a manuscript survives, including Ben Sira. Columns marked † are licensed for non-commercial use only.

Words: lexicon and concordance

Hover over any Hebrew word (Masoretic, Samaritan or scroll) or any Greek word to see its dictionary form, Strong's number, a short gloss and its grammar. Click the word to open the concordance on the right: the full lexicon entry, then every occurrence, grouped by book — for Hebrew, separately for the Masoretic text, the Samaritan Pentateuch and the scrolls (with the manuscript named). Click a reference to go there; every form of the word in the chapter is highlighted. You can also type a word or a Strong's number into Lexicon at the top.

In the Masoretic text, a Ketiv (the written form, unpointed) is shown in grey immediately before its Qere (the form read aloud); both carry the Qere's dictionary entry.

Variants

The Samaritan Pentateuch and every scroll are compared word by word with the Masoretic text of the same verse:

In the scrolls, letters in brackets are a modern editor's reconstruction and are never counted as variants; letters with a dotted overline are uncertain; ◦ is a trace of an unreadable letter. Manuscripts written in paleo-Hebrew script, and divine names that square-script scrolls write in paleo-Hebrew, are shown in paleo-Hebrew letters (switchable under Display). Hover a manuscript to see its edition. Display → Dead Sea Scrolls can hide the manuscripts that agree with the Masoretic text, or strip the reconstructions to show only what survives.

The comparison is automatic. It aligns words by spelling, so a transposition or a long rewritten passage can be marked imperfectly, and the spelling rule cannot tell a suffix from a vowel letter. Treat the colours as a finding aid and check a critical edition before building an argument on a reading.

Books outside the Hebrew Bible

Besides the Septuagint-only books, the book list has 1 Enoch and Jubilees (“Other ancient books”), shown in R. H. Charles's English with the Qumran copies beside them, and Psalms has a chapter 151. Their scroll copies — like those of Tobit and Ben Sira — have no verse numbers in the data: each fragment is placed by its published identification, and its lines are spread over those verses, so treat the exact verse boundaries as approximate. Aramaic copies (Tobit 4Q196–199 and all of Enoch) are marked “Aramaic” and have no word lookups.

Rabbinic citations

The small ❝ under a verse number opens the passages of rabbinic literature that cite that verse — Mishnah, Tosefta, both Talmuds, Midrash, Targum and Kabbalah (and, if you tick the box, later halakhah, liturgy and thought) — fetched live from Sefaria, so it needs an internet connection. Each passage is listed with Sefaria's date for the work it comes from and a link to read it there. Sefaria's links include allusions and discussions as well as quotations; those it classes as quotations are marked. It works for the Hebrew Bible, Ben Sira (by Kahana's numbering, e.g. the Talmud's quotations of Ben Sira), Tobit and Jubilees. For 1 Enoch, which the rabbis do not quote, it lists instead the Zohar's passages about a “Book of Enoch”.

How the Septuagint is aligned

Each Greek verse is placed by combining three things: the standard table of Septuagint–Masoretic verse correspondences (SIL's lxx.vrs), the table of Masoretic–English numbering differences, and a comparison of the English of Brenton's Septuagint with the JPS English, which confirms each pairing and catches displaced verses. Where no Masoretic verse is similar enough, the Greek verse stands on its own row.

The Greek word data

No openly licensed word-by-word analysis of Brenton's Greek exists, so each Greek word is matched to the most frequent analysis of the same form in the openly licensed Swete Septuagint (Morpheus parser), then to a lexicon entry. About 95% of words are identified. Parses of ambiguous forms (e.g. αὐτοῦ, τοῦ) can be wrong; the card says "automatic parse" as a reminder.

About the texts

What each column is, where it comes from, and what to keep in mind when reading it.

Masoretic Text — Westminster Leningrad Codex

The Masoretic text is the Hebrew Bible as transmitted by the Masoretes, scribal scholars active in Tiberias and elsewhere roughly from the 7th to the 10th century, who fixed its vowel points, accents and marginal notes (the Masorah) around a consonantal text that was already essentially stable by the 1st–2nd century CE. The Leningrad Codex (St Petersburg, Firkovich I B 19 A), copied in 1008/1009 CE in the Ben Asher tradition, is the oldest complete manuscript of the Hebrew Bible; the slightly older Aleppo Codex lost most of the Torah in 1947. It is the base of the standard critical editions (BHK, BHS, BHQ).

The Westminster Leningrad Codex is the public-domain digital transcription of it maintained by the J. Alan Groves Center at Westminster Theological Seminary. In this edition a Ketiv appears as its own unpointed word before the pointed Qere.

JPS 1917 — The Holy Scriptures according to the Masoretic Text

The first English Bible translation produced by a committee of Jewish scholars for the Jewish Publication Society of America, under Max L. Margolis as editor-in-chief, published in 1917. Its language deliberately follows the cadence of the King James and Revised Versions, but its renderings follow the Masoretic text and Jewish exegetical tradition, and it keeps the Hebrew chapter and verse numbering. It is in the public domain; its successor, the New JPS (Tanakh, 1985), is not. The electronic edition used here writes the divine names as “HaShem” and “G-d”.

Septuagint — Brenton's Greek text and the Updated Brenton English

The Septuagint is the Jewish translation of the Hebrew scriptures into Greek. The Torah was translated in Alexandria in the 3rd century BCE (the Letter of Aristeas tells the legend of 72 translators under Ptolemy II); the other books followed over the next two centuries. Because it was made from Hebrew manuscripts older than the Masoretic text, it often preserves a different Hebrew text: Jeremiah is about one-seventh shorter and differently ordered (a shorter Hebrew text of this type survives at Qumran in 4QJerb,d), Job is about one-sixth shorter, and Esther and Daniel have long additions. It was the Bible of Philo, Josephus and the New Testament writers, and became the Old Testament of the Greek church, which in turn led Jewish translators (Aquila, Symmachus, Theodotion) to produce closer revisions.

Sir Lancelot C. L. Brenton published an English translation in 1844 and a Greek–English edition in 1851. His Greek is essentially the Sixtine (Roman) edition of 1587, which follows the 4th-century Codex Vaticanus. It is older and less critical than the modern editions of Rahlfs (1935) and Göttingen, which are under copyright. The English column is the Updated Brenton (Adam Boyd, 2020), Brenton's translation with modernised spelling and wording, dedicated to the public domain.

Samaritan Pentateuch †

The Torah as preserved by the Samaritan community of Mount Gerizim (Nablus), written in the Samaritan script, a descendant of the paleo-Hebrew alphabet. It differs from the Masoretic text in about 6,000 places, most of them spelling or grammar; in about 1,900 of them it agrees with the Septuagint. Some readings are distinctively Samaritan, above all the commandment to build an altar on Mount Gerizim added after the Ten Commandments (Exod 20:17; Deut 5:21) and “Gerizim” for “Ebal” in Deut 27:4. Many others — harmonising expansions that copy one passage into its parallel — are shared with “pre-Samaritan” Qumran manuscripts such as 4QpaleoExodm and 4QNumb, showing that the text type is older than the Samaritan schism.

European scholars learned of it in 1616, when Pietro della Valle brought a manuscript from Damascus; it was printed in the Paris (1645) and London (1657) Polyglots, collated by Benjamin Kennicott (1776–80) and edited critically by August von Gall (1914–18). The Hebrew here is Aleksandr Sigalov's digital text, based on Kennicott and checked against von Gall; the English is Sigalov's adaptation of the King James Version to the Samaritan readings. For modern scholarship see Abraham Tal's edition of MS Shechem 6 and Stefan Schorch's critical editio maior.

Dead Sea Scrolls and other Judean Desert manuscripts †

Between 1947 and 1956 the remains of about 950 manuscripts were found in eleven caves near Khirbet Qumran. Some 230 are biblical — every book of the Hebrew Bible except Esther is represented, from tiny fragments to the complete Great Isaiah Scroll (1QIsaa) — dating from about 250 BCE to 68 CE. They are a thousand years older than the Leningrad Codex. Most are close to the ancestor of the Masoretic text (“proto-Masoretic”), but others agree with the Septuagint (4QJerb, 4QSama in places), with the Samaritan text type, or with neither — evidence that several forms of the text circulated side by side before the Masoretic text prevailed.

Manuscripts from other sites fill out the picture: Masada (before its fall in 73/74 CE; excavated by Yigael Yadin, 1963–65) and the Bar Kokhba refuges of Wadi Murabba'at and Naḥal Ḥever (132–135 CE), whose biblical texts are already virtually identical with the Masoretic text, as well as Naḥal Ṣe'elim, Wadi Sdeir and Naḥal Arugot. The official publication is the Discoveries in the Judaean Desert series (Oxford, 1955–2010).

The transcriptions here are those of Martin G. Abegg Jr., James E. Bowley and Edward M. Cook, as converted by the Eep Talstra Centre for Bible and Computer (ETCBC). Each manuscript is labelled with its siglum (e.g. 4QIsad), its DJD number, its find-site and the column or fragment and line. Besides the biblical manuscripts, the copies of Ben Sira, Tobit, 1 Enoch, Jubilees and Psalm 151 are shown under those books. Not every manuscript is in the dataset — notably the Greek scrolls (such as the Greek Minor Prophets from Naḥal Ḥever) are absent, and the Masada Ben Sira scroll is added separately (see Ben Sira).

Ben Sira

The Wisdom of Yeshua ben Eleazar ben Sira, composed in Hebrew in Jerusalem around 190–180 BCE and translated into Greek by his grandson in Egypt after 132 BCE (his prologue explains the difficulty of rendering Hebrew into Greek). It belongs to the Septuagint and to the Catholic and Orthodox canons (Latin Ecclesiasticus) but not to the Jewish one, although the Talmud and midrash quote it. Its Hebrew text was lost to the West until 1896, when Solomon Schechter, Agnes Lewis and Margaret Gibson identified medieval copies in the Cairo Genizah; ancient Hebrew copies then emerged at Qumran and Masada.

About two-thirds of the Hebrew is now known, from six medieval Genizah manuscripts (A–F, 10th–12th century) and three ancient ones: 2QSir (2Q18; Sir 6:14–15, 20–32), the acrostic of Sir 51:13–20, 30 in the Psalms Scroll 11QPsa (columns 21–22), and the Masada scroll (Mas1h), found by Yigael Yadin in 1964 in a casemate room of the fortress and published in 1965: seven columns with Sir 39:27–44:17, copied in the early 1st century BCE, little more than a century after the author. Its agreement with Genizah manuscript B showed that the medieval copies descend from the ancient Hebrew rather than from a translation back from Greek or Syriac.

Here the book is shown in Brenton's Greek and English. The Hebrew column is the Kahana edition, as transcribed on Hebrew Wikisource and distributed by Sefaria (CC BY-SA): a running text built on the Genizah manuscripts, in which words in [brackets] are Kahana's restorations; chapters with no surviving Hebrew are empty. Kahana numbers the verses in the Hebrew order — in the Greek, two blocks of chapters 30–36 are transposed — so his verses have been matched to Brenton's by content for this site, with his own number shown as “Heb.” where it differs. The scrolls column has the three ancient witnesses; the Masada text is Eric Reymond's transcription from bensira.org. Their placement was made for this site by matching the text; there is no Masoretic text to compare them with, so no variants are marked.

Psalm 151

The Septuagint Psalter ends with a short psalm “outside the number”, in which David recalls tending his father's sheep, his anointing and his victory over Goliath. It belongs to the Greek, Syriac and Ethiopic Bibles but not to the Hebrew one, and was long thought to have been composed in Greek — until the Psalms Scroll from Qumran Cave 11 (11QPsa, published by James Sanders in 1965) turned out to contain a longer Hebrew original in its 28th column, as two poems (151A on David's music and anointing, 151B, broken off, on Goliath). The Greek is a condensed translation of them. The psalm is shown as chapter 151 of Psalms, with the scroll's lines under the Greek verses they correspond to.

Tobit

A Jewish novella of the Eastern diaspora (probably 3rd–2nd century BCE): the pious exile Tobit, blinded in Nineveh, sends his son Tobias to recover money in Media, guided by the angel Raphael in disguise; on the way Tobias marries Sarah and drives off the demon Asmodeus. It is in the Septuagint and the Catholic and Orthodox canons. It survives in two Greek forms — a shorter one (Codices Vaticanus and Alexandrinus, printed by Brenton) and a longer one (Codex Sinaiticus) — and the Qumran copies, four in Aramaic (4Q196–199) and one in Hebrew (4Q200), published by Joseph Fitzmyer in 1995, side with the longer form, which is now generally taken as nearer the original. Their verse placement here follows Fitzmyer's identifications.

1 Enoch

A collection of five works ascribed to Enoch, the seventh from Adam who “walked with God” (Gen 5:24): the Book of the Watchers (ch. 1–36, 3rd century BCE), on the angels who descended to the daughters of men; the Parables (37–71); the Astronomical Book (72–82); the Dream Visions (83–90), with the “Animal Apocalypse” of Israel's history; and the Epistle of Enoch (91–108). It is quoted in the Letter of Jude (1:14–15) and is canonical in the Ethiopian Orthodox Church, whose Ge'ez version is the only complete text; Greek survives for about a third. Józef Milik published the Aramaic fragments from Qumran Cave 4 in 1976: eleven copies, covering every part except the Parables, the oldest from around 200 BCE. The English is R. H. Charles's 1917 translation from the Ethiopic (public domain). The Astronomical scrolls (4Q208–211) contain a much longer calendar than the Ethiopic; only their few passages that match chapters 76–82 are placed.

Jubilees

A retelling of Genesis and Exodus 1–14 as revealed to Moses on Sinai by an “angel of the presence”, dated by a calendar of 49-year jubilees and a 364-day solar year (mid-2nd century BCE). Like 1 Enoch it is canonical only in the Ethiopian church, whose Ge'ez version is the only complete text; parts survive in Latin, Syriac and Greek quotations. Fragments of about fifteen Hebrew copies were found at Qumran, more than of most biblical books, and are published in DJD 13 (VanderKam and Milik, 1994) and DJD 23. The English is R. H. Charles's 1917 translation (public domain).

Lexicon and concordance data

Hebrew words carry the analysis of STEPBible's Translators Amalgamated Hebrew OT (Tyndale House, Cambridge): extended Strong's numbers — James Strong's 1890 numbering, subdivided to follow the Brown–Driver–Briggs lexicon (1906) — with morphology from the ETCBC and an abridged BDB for definitions. Samaritan and scroll words take the analysis of the Masoretic word they correspond to, or, where they differ, of the same written form elsewhere in the Masoretic text. Greek words are matched through the Swete Septuagint and the Morpheus parser to STEPBible's Greek lexicon, which draws on Abbott-Smith (1922) and Liddell–Scott–Jones.

† Licensed for non-commercial use only. Full credits and licences: Credits and licences.